Hajarimalmuni Smruti Granth

Author(s): Shobhachad Bharilla
Publisher: Hajarimalmuni Smruti Granth Prakashan Samiti Byavar

Page 1032

पंचम अध्याय : ७६
The description of the shapes and structures of these five sense-organs as given here agrees with that of their actual anatomical shapes and structures, studied and exhibited by the modern medical science, e.g. the ear is constituted of three parts, external ear (or auricle), the middle ear or tympanum and the internal ear or labyrinth. The middle ear with its drum covered with fine vibrating hairs, resembles the kadamba flower. Sensation and Modes of Sense organs : Sensation in the human brain is caused by the stimulus of the five sense-objects (indriya vişaya), received from outside, when the sense-organs come into contact with them. This process involves the factors of discrimination, assimilation, association and localization of the sense-objects and leads to preceptual knowledge. Thus it is explained that the ear hears the touched and entered sounds into it, the eye sees the touched and entered objects i.e. the images of objects reflected on the retina of the eye); the nose smells the touched and entered smells; the tongue tastes the touched and entered objects; and the skin experiences the touches of the touched and entered objects.
“Putthāim saddāim suņeti...... Pavitthāim saddāim suneti......tabā pavitthāṇīvi."0 The power of the ear to hear a sound is in the minimum an innumerableth part of an angula (finger) and in the maximum it can hear sound from a distance of twelve yojanas; that of the eye is in the minimum an immunerableth part of an angula and in the miximum it can see an object lying at a distance of seven thousand yojanas; that of the nose is in the minimum an innumerableth part of an angula and in the maximum it can smell matter from a distance of nine yojanas. Thus the accounts of the minimum and maximum powers of the tongue and the skin should be known. The principles of the theory of sensation as embodied herein agree with those of the modern psychology to a great extent. For example, it is explained therein that the sensation of sound is created in the brain, when sound waves, being converged by the outer ear, strike upon, the outer membrance of the ear-drum and make it vibrate and the vibrations are transmitted to the auditory nerve through the chain of bones, the inner membrance and the-contents of the labyrinth. Next, the disturbance of vibration is carried by the auditory nerve to the brain, causing finally the sensation of sounds. Sense-Perception : It is explained in the Bhagavati Sūtra that when senses are applied to the sense-objects, the following psychological facts are involved in this process of perceptual knowledge (abhinibodhika jñāna) or sense-perception, viz. avagraha (perceptual judgement of generality of object), i.e. there is something (objectivity), iha (desire to know or speculation), avāya (determination) and dhāraņā (retention or memorv).32 According to the modern psychology sensations caused by the stimulus of the five sense-objects lead to perceptual knowledge or sense-perception which is the result of the process of interpreting a sensation by differentiating it form the unlike sensation and absorbing it into the like by recalling to mind other connecting sensations and finally objectifying and localizing the whole aggregate of real and revived sensations backed by a belief in the real existence of the object.
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