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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra
www.kobatirth.org
Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir
GANITASARASANGRAHA.
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Terminology relating to (the measurement of)
Other Metals. 42. What is known as a kală consists of four pādas : six and a quarter kalās make one yava; four yavas make one améa ; four amsas make one bhāga.
43. Six bhāgas make one druksūna; twice that (draksūna) is one dināra; two dināras make one satēra. Thus say the learned men in regard to the (measurement of other) metals.
44. Twelve and a half palas make one prastha; two hundred palas make one tulā; ten tulās make one bhāra. Thus say thoso who are clever in calculation
45. In this matter of measurement) twenty pairs of cloths, of jewels or of canes (are called) a köţikā. Next I give the names of the (principal) operations (in arithmetic).
Names of the Operations in Arithmetic. 46. The first among these (operations) is gunakāra (multiplication), and it is also called) pratyutpanna; the second is what is known as bhägahära (division); and krti (squaring) is said to be the third.
47. The fourth, as a matter of course, is varga-müla (square root), and the fifth is said to he ghana (cubing); then ghanamūla (cube root) is the sixth, and the seventh is known as citi (summation).
48. This is also spoken of as saïkalita. Then the eighth is vyutkalita (the subtraction of a part of a series, taken from the beginning, from the whole series), and this is also spoken of as sėsa. All these eight (operations) appertain to fractions also.
General rules in regard to zero and positive and
negative quantities. 49. A number multiplied by zero is zero, and that (number remains unchanged when it is divided by," combined with (or)
. It can be easily seen here that a number when divided by zero does not really remain unchanged. Bhaskara calls the quotient of euch nero-divisions khahara and rightly assigns to it the value of infinity. Mahavirácarya obvionsly thinks that a division by zero is no division at all.
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