Doctrine of Liberation in Indian Religion

Author(s): Shivkumarmuni
Publisher: Munshiram Manoharlal Publisher's Pvt Ltd New Delhi

Page 93

THE DOCTRINE OF KARMA AND TRANSMIGRATION
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lesyās and they have a moral bearing, Dr. Radhakrishnan observes :
“Connected with the karma theory is the doctrine of leśyās of which they are six. The totality of karmas taken up by a soul induces in it a transcendental colour or complexion which cannot be perceived by the naked eye. These have a moral bearing. The state of a soul is produced by its inborn nature and the karma with which it is associated. Each kind of karma has its predestined limits within which it must be purged off.”68
The psychical condition of the self undergoes different processes due to its vibrations and attachment with leśyā and karmic particles. They are of five types. 1. Subsidence (aupaśamika) : the karmic matter does not
produce its result but still it is there, just like fire covered by
ashes. 2. Annihilation (kṣāyika): when the effects of all karmas are
destroyed as the complete removal of the mud from dirty
water. 3. Mixed subsidence and annihilation (kṣāyopaśamika): in this
state many karmas are destroyed, many are neutralized and
others still there. 4. Rise (audayika) : in the common course of things, karmic
particles attached to the self produce their proper effects. 5. Developmental (pāriņāmika): it is the essential nature of
self with the destruction of all karmas.69 JAINA THEORY OF TRANSMIGRATION (SAMSĀRA)
As has been discussed above, the theory of karma is inseparably connected with that of transmigration. The ātman in bondage is born again and again. Its course in samsāra is determined by the karmic particles attracted by it in every state of its existence. The theory of rebirth or transmigration of the self explains its continuous indentity through a series of existences in three points of time, past, present and furture.
MEANING OF SAMSĀRA
In the Sarvārthasiddhi, samsāra (world) has been explained thus :
68. 69.
S. Radhakrishnan, Indian Philosophy, vol. I, p. 320fn. Sarvārthasiddhi, II.