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Ch. IV ]
TRANSLATION
[ 63
possessed of two senses, some of three senses, some of four senses and some of five senses, all lower animals (like birds and beasts) all hell-beings, all human beings, all gods, all breathing animals are all of them after extreme happiness. The group made up of these is the sixth group of living beings termed as 'trasa' group.
Never I would do injury to these six groups of living organisms by myself, nor shall I cause injury to be done by others. Why! I would not like to consent to others doing injury. As long as I am alive, I would not in any of the three ways, by any of the three instruments-mind, word, or body-do the thing, nor cause it to be done, nor consent to another doing it. If I have done it sometime in the past, I recoil from it, Learned Sir, I blame myself for it, I censure myself for it, I abandon sueh inclination on the part of my soul.
The first Great Vow, Revered Sir, is abstinence from injury to living beings. I shall abandon, Revered Sir, every kind of injury to living beings, let them be subtle or big, movable or immovable. Never I would do injury by myself etc......on the part of my soul. I have placed myself in the first Great Vow. It is abstinece from all kinds of injuries to living beings. (1).
Now, another i. e. the second Great Vow. viz abstinence from false speech. I renounce all false speech, Divine Sir; hence, through anger, or avarice, or fear, or mirth, I shall myself never tell a lie nor make another tell a lie, nor shall I consent to another giving a lie. As long as I am alive I would not etc... in the second Great Vow; it is abstinence from all kinds of false utterances. (2).
Now, another viz. the third Great Vow, abstinence from taking a thing not given. Truly, I shall renou nce taking what is not given. Hence, in & village or in a
