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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra
www.kobatirth.org
Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir
ભર્તુહરિ અને દિગ.
Punyaraja and establishes that Vasurāta was a great grammarian of the day onder whom Bhartrhari studied and that Bhartrhari often held views quite different from those of his master.
According to Paramartha, Vasarāta was a Brahmin and brother-inlaw of Baladitya, a pupil of Vasubandhu.?He was well-versed in grammar. He defeated Vasubandhu, through the intervention of Chan. dra, another great grammarian. This means that Vasurāta, Chandra, and Vasubandhu should be regarded as contemporaries and Bhartrhari, the pupil of Vasurāta, assigned to the 5th century A. D.
Another important piece of evidence, which I have discovered in my study of the Pramāna Samuccaya of Dinnāga lends support to this view. In the fifth chapter of this work, which is devoted to the expo. sition of the Apoha theory of Dinnaga, the following two Karikas are found, which may be rendered into Sanskrit'l as given below.
Thigs-pa-dan, ni. tshogs. pa-yi, chu. sogs. rnams, la, rjod byed-nil grans dan, tshad. dan. dbyibs. rams la Itos, pa. med. par. I jug. par. byed il deyibs, dan. kha. dog. yan. lag. rnams khyad. par can. lagan. I jug. pa. de. yi. yantag. la sgra-ni rah tu. I jug. la. dun asma yin.
They are only Tibetan rendering of the two Karikás occurring in the second Kānda of the Vakyapadiya of Bhartrhari.12 This means that either Dinnaga took the Karikas from Bhartrhari's work or both Dinnāga and Bhartrhari took them from quite a different work. But there is no evidence to support the latter alternative. We learn from
10 cf. "A study of Paramartha's life of Vasubandhu and the Dato of Vasubandhu" by J. Takakusu J. RA, S. 1905. pp. 33ff.
11 The two Kärikās may be restored into sanskrit as :1) बिन्दौ च समुदाये च वाचकः सलिलादिषु । संख्याप्रमाणसंस्थाननिरपेक्षः प्रवर्तते । 2) संस्थानवर्णावयवैर्विशिष्टे यः प्रयुज्यते । शब्दो न तस्यावयवे प्रवृत्तिरुपलभ्यते । 12 of. Karikás. II. 160 and 157.- Benares. Edition, pp. 144-145.
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