Prakrit Sikhe

Author(s): Premsuman Jain
Publisher: Hirabhaiya Prakashan
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/020567/1

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DA. premasumana jaina prAkRta sIkheM hIrA bhaiyA prakAzana For Private and Personal Use Only

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prAkRta sIkheM DaoN. premasumana jaina saha-AcArya evaM adhyakSa, janavidyA evaM prAkRta-vibhAga udayapura vizvavidyAlaya, udayapura hIrA bhaiyA prakAzana, indaura 1979 For Private and Personal Use Only

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tIrthaMkara, mAsika, indaura prAkRta sIkheM premasumana jaina prathama AvRtti 1979 mUlya : tIna rupaye hIrA bhaiyA prakAzana, 65, patrakAra kAlonI, kanAr3iyA roDa, indaura-452001, madhyapradeza mudraNa : naIduniyA presa, indaura PRAKRIT SEEKHEN Grammar/1979/Premsuman For Private and Personal Use Only

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prakAzakIya "tIrthakara" mAsika kA prakAzana maI 1971 se Arambha huA aura saMyogataH manizrI vidyAnandajI ke varSAyoga kI sthApanA bhI julAI 1971 meM indaura meM huI; aura isa taraha anAyAsa hI hIrA bhaiyA prakAzana-jaisI avyavasAyI saMsthA ne sAmAjika, sAMskRtika, naitika aura dhArmika yugAntara ke eka acInhe, kintu aparihArya kAryakrama para hastAkSara kara diye / "tIrthaMkara" anavarata prakAzita hotA rahA aura kaI manasvI lekhaka isa krAntidhArA se jur3ate cale gaye / praNamya agraja zrI vIrendra kumAra jaina ne jaina purAkathAoM ko lekara adhunAtana prayoga kiye| ye kathAe~ "tIrthakara" meM chapI aura saikar3oM pAThakoM ne inheM sraahaa-pddh'aa| inakI mahattA aura upayogitA ne bhAratIya jJAnapITha-jaisI saMsthA ko prabhAvita kiyA pariNAmataH apraila 1974 meM vahA~ se ina kathAoM kA eka saMkalana "eka aura nIlAMjanA" zIrSaka se prakAzita huA / isI taraha sva. bhAI zrI mANaka canda kaTAriyA ke sAmAjika krAnti ke utpreraka lekhoM kA eka saMgraha zrI vIra nirvANa grantha prakAzana samiti, indaura ne "mahAvIra : jIvana meM ?" nAma se disambara 1975 meM prakAzita kiyA / ye sAre lekha bhI "tIrthaMkara" ke aMkoM meM chape aura khUba par3he-sarAhe gaye / bodhakathAkAra zrI nemIcanda paToriyA kI bodhakathAoM kA saMkalana svayaM hIrA bhaiyA prakAzana, indaura ne chApA / ye kathAe~ na kevala "tIrthaMkara" meM phapIM apitu deza kI gujarAtI, marAThI, kannar3a aura hindI patra-patrikAoM meM punaH prakAzita huI / aba hama "tIrthakara" meM hI dhArAvAhika rUpa meM ekANita daoN pemamamana jaina ke mubodha pAkata-pAThoM ke saMkalana kA prakAzana "prAkRta sIkheM" zIrSaka se kara rahe haiM, hameM vizvAsa hai manizrI vidyAnandajI ke maMgala indaura-praveza para unheM zraddhApUrvaka samarpita dasa akiMcana arghya ko prAcIna jaina sAhitya ke adhyayana-manana ke lie snehapUrvaka apanAyA jaaegaa| jJAtavya hai ki "prAkRta sIkheM" pUjya munizrI, jinake rUpa meM kundakunda ne hI mAno avataraNa liyA hai, kI preraNA-prasAdI hai tathA agraja zrI bAbUlAlajI pATodI kI bahumUlya sahAyatA kI eka maMgala AkRti hai| indaura, 5 julAI 1976 DaoN. nemIcanda jaina sampAdaka "tIrthakara" mAsika For Private and Personal Use Only

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krama pATha 1 : prAkRta bhASA aura sAhitya 5 pATha 2 : dhvani-sambandhI vizeSatAeM 14 pATha 3 : pulliga zabdarUpa aura unake prayoga 20 pATha 4 : sarbanAma : rUpa aura prayoga 28 / pATha 5 : strIliMga zabda : rUpa aura prayoga 32 pATha 6 : napuMsakaliMga zabda aura unake prayoga 35 pATha 7 : vartamAnakAla : kriyArUpa evaM prayoga 38 pATha 8 : bhUtakAla ke kriyArUpa evaM prayoga 43 pATha 9 : bhaviSyakAla 46 pATha 10 : vidhi AjJArtha evaM kriyAtipatti 50 pATha 11 : kRdantarUpa evaM unake prayoga 54 pATha 12 : sandhi, samAsa evaM anya prayoga 54 pariziSTa 1 : prAkRta-varNamAlA/prAkRta meM sAmAnyataH hone vAle svara parivartana 69 pariziSTa 2 : prAkRta-vyaMjanoM meM sAmAnyataH hone vAle parivartana 70 For Private and Personal Use Only

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pATha 1: prAkRta bhASA aura sAhitya prAkRta kI prAcInatA prAcIna bhAratIya AryabhASAkAla meM jo bhASAe~ pracalita thIM unake rUpa Rgveda kI RcAoM meM upalabdha hote haiM; ataH vaidika bhASA hI prAcIna bhAratIya AryabhASA hai / isake adhyayana se prAkRta ke utsa ko samajhane meM madada milatI hai / vaidika yuga kI bhASA meM tatkAlIna pradeza-vizeSoM kI lokabhASA ke bhI kucha rUpa prApta hote haiM / ina dezya bhASAoM ko vidvAnoM ne tIna bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai--udIcya, madhyadezIya tathA prAcyA yA pUrvIya vibhASA / inakA tatkAlIna sAhityika bhASA para prabhAva bhI dekhane ko milatA hai / vedoM kI bhASA, jise 'chAndas' kahA gayA hai, inhIM vibhASAoM se vikasita mAnI gayI hai| inameM se prAcyA vibhASA una logoM dvArA prayukta hotI thI, jo vaidika saMskRti se bhinna vicAra vAle the / inheM 'vrAtya' Adi kahA gayA hai| inhIM kI bhASA ko Age cala kara buddha aura mahAvIra ne apane upadezoM kA mAdhyama bnaayaa| unake granthoM (upadezoM) kI bhASA Age calakara kramazaH pAli aura prAkRta ke nAma se prasiddha huii| idhara vaidika bhASA se saMskArita hokara saMskRta bhASA astitva meM AyI ; ataHvikAsa kI dRSTi se saMskRta aura prAkRta donoM bhASAe~ bahineM haiM tathA utanI hI prAcIna haiM, jitanI mAnava-saMskRti / kramazaH ina bhASAoM kA sAhitya dhArmika evaM vidhAtmaka dRSTi se bhinna hotA gayA; tadanusAra inake svarUpa meM bhI spaSTa bheda ho gye| saMskRta niyamabaddha ho jAne se eka hI nAma se vyavahRta hotI rahI tathA prAkRta aneka rUpoM meM parivartita hone se mahArASTrI, mAgadhI, ardhamAgadhI, zaurasenI, paizAcI evaM apabhraMza Adi kaI nAma dhAraNa karatI rahI / prAkRta sIkha : 5 For Private and Personal Use Only

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sambandha : saMskRta-prAkRta ke prAkRta ke saMskRta bhASA ke sAtha do prakAra ke sambandha haiM; bhASAgata eva sAhityagata / bhASA kI dRSTi se vaidika bhASA aura prAkRta meM adhika samAnatAe~ haiM, jo unheM apanI jananI lokabhASA se prApta huI haiM / yathA saMskRta vaidika prAkRta 1. saMyukta vyaMjana meM eka durlabhaH dUlabha dUlaho kA lopa tathA hrasva __ kA dIrgha svara 2. RkAra kA ukAra vRtaH kRSTa 3. baMjanAnta zabdoM kA lopa pazcAt papacA pacchA 4. da kA Da honA durdabhaH dUDama daNDa-DaMDA 5. dha kAha honA pratisaMghAya pratisaMhAya badhira-vahirI 6. svarAgama svargaH muvargaH suvaggo 7. prathamA meM okAra sAcita so cit socita 8. caturthI ke sthAna para paSThIvibhakti tathA dvivacana ke sthAna para bahuvacana kA prayoga vaidika bhASA aura prAkRta meM samAna hai| isI prakAra saMskRta meM kucha aise zabda bhI pAye jAte haiM, jo janabhASA se usameM Aye haiM, unheM prAkRta kA kahA jA sakatA hai / 'na' ke sthAna para 'Na' kA prayoga jina zabdoM meM hotA hai ve isI koTi ke haiM / yathA--aNi, guNya, phaNa, karNa, gaNa, veNu Adi / jisa prakAra prAkRta bhASA kI kucha samAnatAe~ vaidikaH bhASA tathA paravartI saMskRta meM pAyI jAtI haiM, usI prakAra prAkRta bhASA meM bhI saMskRta ke bahuta se zabdoM ko, evaM sAhitya kI viziSTa zailI ko apanAyA gayA hai| prAkRta meM prayakta zabdoM ko saMskRta zabdoM ke sAdRzya aura pArthakya ke AdhAra para tIna bhAgoM meM bA~TA gayA hai--tatsama, tadbhava, dezya / jo zabda saMskRta se prAkRta meM jyoM-ke-tyoM grahaNa kara liye jAte haiM tathA jinakI dhvaniyoM meM kucha bhI parivartana nahIM hotA hai, ve tatmama zabda prAkRta sIkheM : 6 For Private and Personal Use Only

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kahalAte haiM; yathA-nIra, dhIra, dhUli, kaNTha, kavi, timira, saMsAra, rasa' jala, tIra, kala, Agama, citta, icchA Adi / saMskRta se varNalopa, varNAgama, varNaparivartana evaM varNavikAra dvArA jo zabda utpanna hue haiM, ve tadbhava kahalAte haiM; yathA--aggaPage #9
rahita logoM kA svAbhAvika vacana vyApAra / usase utpanna athavA vahI ( vacana - vyApAra ) prAkRta hai / 'prAk kRta' pada se prAkRta zabda banA hai, jisakA artha hai -- ' pahale kiyA gayA' / jainadharma ke dvAdazAMga granthoM meM gyAraha aMga grantha pahale kiye gaye haiM; ata: unakI bhASA prAkRta hai, jo bAlaka, mahilA Adi sabhI ke lie subodha hai| isI prAkRta ke deza-bheda evaM saMskArita hone se avAntara vibheda hue haiM / ataH prAkRta zabdoM kI vyutpatti karate samaya prakRtyA svabhAvena siddhaM prAkRtam athavA prakRtInAM sAdhAraNajanAnAmidaM prAkRtam - artha ko svIkAra karanA cAhiye / isase bhASA - vijJAna kA yaha tathya bhI pramANita hotA hai ki 'bhASA kI utpatti kisI bolI se hotI hai, na ki kisI anya bhASA se' | isa prakAra saMskRta, prAkRta meM koI janya-janaka bhAva nahIM hai, apitu ve donoM kisI eka hI srota se vikasita hone ke kAraNa svatantra rUpa se astitva meM AyI huI bhASAe~ haiM / bheda-prabheda prAkRta bhASA kI utpatti evaM vikAsa kI dRSTi se usake mukhyataH do bheda kiye jA sakate haiM - kathya prAkRta, jo bola-cAla meM bahuta prAcIna samaya se prayukta hotI rahI hai, kintu jisakA koI udAharaNa hamAre samakSa nahIM hai; dUsarI prakAra kI prAkRta sAhitya kI bhASA hai, jisake kaI rUpa upalabdha haiM / isa sAhityika prAkRta ke bhASA prayoga evaM kAla kI dRSTi se tIna bheda kiye jA sakate haiM - (a) Adi yuga, (A) madhya yuga (i) apabhraMza yuga / I. pU. chaThI zatAbdI se IsA kI dvitIya zatAbdI taka ke bIca prAkRta meM nirmita sAhitya kI bhASA prathama yugIna prAkRta kahI jA sakatI hai| isa prAkRta ke pA~ca rUpa haiM : (1) ArSa prAkRta : bhagavAn buddha aura mahAvIra ke upadezoM kI bhASA kramazaH pAli aura ardhamAgadhI ke nAma se jAnI gayI hai / ina bhASAoM ko ArSa prAkRta kahanA ucita hai, kyoMki dhArmika pracAra ke lie sarvaprathama ina bhASAoM kA hI prayoga huA hai / prAkRta sIkheM: 8 For Private and Personal Use Only

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(2) zilAlekhI prAkRta : ArSa prAkRta ke bAda zilAlekhoM meM prayukta prAkRta bhASA kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai / yaha likhita rUpa meM prAkRta kA sabase purAnA sAhitya hai / azoka ke zilAlekhoM meM isake rUpa surakSita haiM / zilAlekhI prAkRta kA kAla I. pU. 300 se 400 I. taka hai / ina sAta sau varSoM meM lagabhaga hajAra zilAlekha prAkRta meM likhe gaye haiM / khArabela kA hAthIguMphA zilAlekha tathA udayagiri aura khaNDagiri ke purAlekha adhika mahattvapUrNa haiM / (3) niyA prAkRta : niyA pradeza (cInI turkistAna) se prApta lekhoM kI bhASA ko 'niyA prAkRta' kahA gayA hai| isa prAkRta kA tokhArI bhASA ke sAtha ghaniSTha sambandha hai / (4) dhammapada kI prAkRta : pAli dhammapada kI taraha prAkRta meM bhI likhA gayA eka dhammapada milA hai| isakI lipi kharoSThI hai / isakI prAkRta pazcimottara pradeza kI boliyoM se sambandha rakhatI hai / (5) azvaghoSa ke nATakoM kI prAkRta: azvaghoSa ke nATakoM meM prayukta prAkRta jaina sUtroM kI prAkRta se bhinna hai / yaha bhinnatA prAkRta ke vikAsa sUcita karatI hai / isa samaya taka mAgadhI, ardhamAgadhI, zaurasenI nAma se prAkRta ke bheda ho cuke the / isa prakAra prathama yugIna prAkRta bhASA ina ATha sau varSoM meM prayoga kI dRSTi se vibhinna rUpa dhAraNa kara cukI thI / IsA kI dvitIya se chaThI zatAbdI taka jisa prAkRta bhASA meM sAhitya likhA gayA hai, use madhyayugIna prAkRta kahA jAtA hai / isa yuga kI prAkRta ko hama sAhityika prAkRta bhI kaha sakate haiM; kintu prayoga - bhinnatA kI dRSTi se isa samaya taka prAkRta ke svarUpa meM kramazaH parivartana ho gayA thA, ataH prAkRta ke vaiyAkaraNoM ne prAkRta ke ye pA~ca bheda nirUpita kiye haiM---ardhamAgadhI, zaurasenI, mahArASTrI, mAgadhI evaM paizAcI / inake svarUpa evaM pramukha vizeSatAe~ isa prakAra haiM: For Private and Personal Use Only prAkRta sIkheM:

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ardhamAgadhI jaina AgamoM kI bhASA ko ardhamAgadhI kahA gayA hai| prAcIna AcAryoM magadha pradeza ke ardhAza meM bolI jAne vAlI bhASA ko ardhamAgadhI kahA hai / kucha vidvAn isameM mAgadhI bhASA kI katipaya vizeSatAe~ hone ke kAraNa ise ardhamAgadhI kahate haiM / mArkaNDeya ne zaurasenI ke nikaTa hone se mAgadhI ko hI ardhamAgadhI kahA hai| vastutaH ardhamAgadhI meM ye tInoM vizeSatAe~ parilakSita hotI haiN| pazcima meM zaurasenI aura pUrva meM mAgadhI bhASA ke bIca ke kSetra meM bolI jAne ke kAraNa isakA ardhamAgadhI nAma sArthaka hotA hai / yadyapi isakA utpatti-sthAna ayodhyA mAnA jA sakatA hai, phira bhI isakA mahArASTrI prAkRta se adhika sAdRzya hai| isake astitva meM Ane kA samaya I. pU. cauthI zatAbdI mAnA jA sakatA hai| __ardhamAgadhI kA rUpa-gaThana mAgadhI aura zaurasenI kI vizeSatAoM se milakara huA hai| isameM lupta vyaMjanoM ke sthAna para ya zruti hotI hai / yathAzreNikam > seNiyaM / 'ka' kA 'ga', 'na' kA 'Na' evaM 'pa' kA 'va' meM parivartana hotA hai| prathamA ekavacana meM 'e' tathA 'o' donoM hote haiM / dhAtu-rUpoM meM bhUtakAla ke bahuvacana meM iMsu' pratyaya lagatA hai; tathA kRdanta meM eka dhAtu ke kaI rUpa banate haiM / yathA-kRtvA ke kaTa, kiccA, karitA, karittANaM, aadi| zaurasenI zaurasenI prAkRta zUrasena (mathurA) kI bhASA thI / isakA pracAra madhyadeza meM huA thaa| jainoM ke SaTakhaMDAgama Adi graMthoM kI racanA isI meM huI thii| bAda meM digambara jaina Agama granthoM kI yaha mUla bhASA bana gyii| upalabdha sAhitya kI dRSTi se yaha saba meM prAcIna prAkRta hai / jaina granthoM ke atirikta nATakoM meM bhI isakA prayoga haA hai| isameM kRtrima rUpoM kI adhikatA pAyI jAtI hai| zaurasenI meM ta kA da, tha evaM ha kA dha, bha kA ha meM parivartana hotA hai / yathA-jAnAti >jANAdi, kathayati>kadhedi Adi / gacchatiH gacchadi, prAkRta sIkheM : 10 For Private and Personal Use Only

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gacchade; bhavati >bhodi, hodi; idAnIm>dANi; paThitvA>paDhiyA, paDhidUNa Adi rUpa zaurasenI ke viziSTa prayoga haiN| mahArASTrI sAmAnya prAkRta kA apara nAma mahArASTrI prAkRta hai, aisI dhAraNA kaI vidvAnoM kI hai; kintu isakA yaha nAma utpatti-sthala ke kAraNa hI adhika pracalita huA hai| mahArASTra pradeza meM jo prAcIna prAkRta pracalita thI, usI ke bAda kAvya aura nATakoM kI mahArASTrI prAkRta kA janma huA hai / isa prAkRta meM saMskRta ke varNoM kA adhikatama lopa hone kI pravRtti pAyI jAtI hai| isa kAraNa mahArASTrI prAkRta kAvya meM sabase adhika prayukta huI hai| ata: ise sAhityika prAkRta bhI kahA jA sakatA hai| jaina kAvya-granthoM aura nATaka Adi kAvya-granthoM ko mahArASTrI prAkRta meM kucha bhinnatA hai; ataH kucha vidvAn isake mahArASTrI aura jaina mahArASTrI, aise do bheda bhI mAnate haiN| mAgadhI __ anya prAkRtoM kI taraha mAgadhI meM svatantra racanAe~ nahIM pAyI jaatiiN| kevala saMskRta-nATakoM aura zilAlekhoM meM isake prayoga dekhane meM Ate haiN| ataH pratIta hotA hai ki mAgadho koI nizcita bhASA nahIM thI, apitu una kaI boliyoM kA usameM sammizraNa thA, jinameM ja ke sthAna para ya, ra> la, saza tathA akArAnta' zabdoM meM e kA prayoga hotA thaa| mAgadhI kA nizcita pradeza taya karanA kaThina hai; kintu pabhI vidvAn ise magadha deza kI hI bhASA mAnate haiM, jo apane samaya meM rAjabhASA bhI thI / isakI utpatti vaidika yuga kI kisI kathya bhASA me mAnI jAtI hai, yadyapi isakI prakRti zaurasenI ko mAnA gayA hai / zakArI, cAMDAlI aura zAbarI jaisI loka-bhASAe~ mAgadhI kI hI prazAkhAe~ haiM / pezAcI paizAcI kA samaya IsA kI dUsarI se pAMcavIM zatAbdI taka mAnA gayA hai| isake pUrva kI paizAcI ke koI udAharaNa sAhitya meM upalabdha nahIM haiM / prAkRta sIkheM : 11 For Private and Personal Use Only

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paizAcI bhASA kisI pradeza vizeSa kI bhASA nahIM thI, apitu bhinna-bhinna pradezoM meM rahane vAlI kisI jAti vizeSa kI bhASA thI, jisa kAraNa isakA pracAra kaikaya, zUrasena aura pAMcAla pradezoM meM adhika huA hai| griyarsana ise pazcima paMjAba aura aphagAnistAna kI bhASA mAnate haiM / paizAcI meM varNa-parivartana bahuta hotA hai; yathA-gakanaM meghaH, rAcAPage #14
na kevala apabhraMza apitu deza kI Adhunika prAdezika bhASAoM para bhI prAkRta kA prabhAva spaSTa parilakSita hai| usake adhikAMza zabda apabhraMzayuga se gujarate hue kiMcit dhvanigata parivatanoM ke sAtha Aja kI bhASAoM meM vyavahRta haiM; udAharaNArtha prA. oilla (or3hanI)-gujarAtI (olayu); prA. uMDA (gaharA)guja. (UMDA); prA. jIya (dekhanA)-guja. (jovU) ; prA. ba~bAo (cillAnA)-guja. (bUma mAravU); prA. lITa (lakIra)-guja. (lITI); prA. dhAva (tRpti)-rAjasthAnI (dhApaNo); prA. aggi (agni)ur3iyA (agI); prA. NaI (nadI)-ur3iyA (naI); prA. sahI (sakhI)ur3iyA (sahI); prA. kaccahara (kRtyagRha, kacaharI)-maithilI (kacaharI); prA. majjura (mayUra, mora)-maithilI (majUra); prA. beDilA (jahAja)bhojapurI (ber3A); prA. mahilArU (patnI)-bhojapurI (meharArU); prA. cillirI (jaM)-baMdelakhaNDI (cilarA); prA. cheli (bakarI)-buMdelakhaNDI (chari);prA. uMdara (cUhA)-marAThI (uMdIra); prA. tUli (sUtI cAdara)marAThI (tulI, tule); prA. kurara (bher3a)-kannar3a (kurI); prA. pulli (bAgha)-kannar3a (huli); prA. akka (mA~)-tamila (akkA); prA. caver3a (tAlI bajAnA)-telugu (cpptt)| ___ ukta zabdoM ke atirikta prAkRta ke aise hajAroM zabda hindI meM prayukta haiM, jinakI vyutpatti saMskRta se jJAta nahIM hai; ataH prAkRta evaM apabhraMza kA adhyayana na kevala prAcIna bhAratIya saMskRti ke parijJAna ke lie Avazyaka hai apitu Adhunika bhAratIya sAhitya kI bahamalya sAMskRtika dharohara kA paripUrNa paricaya, adhyayana, anusaMdhAna hI taba saMbhava hai jaba prAcIna bhAratIya bhASAoM evaM madhyakAlIna bhASAoM kA eka vyApaka tulanAtmaka vizleSaNa kiyA jAe / prAkRta sIkheM: 13 For Private and Personal Use Only

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pATha 2 : dhvani saMbandhI vizeSatAe~ pAThamAlA ke alAvA AgamagranthoM meM prAkRta-vyAkaraNa ke katipaya niyamoM kA vivecana huA hai / saMbhava hai, prArambha meM prAkRta meM hI prAkRta kA koI vyAkaraNa rahA ho, kintu Aja aisA koI grantha upalabdha nahIM hai / prAkRta ke jo bhI vyAkaraNa Aja haiM, ve sabhI saMskRta meM haiM / saba jAnate haiM, saMskRta kA ekaH vyAkaraNasammata, vyavasthita rUpa rahA hai, ataH vaiyAkaraNoM ne prAkRta ke svarUpa Adi kA vivecana-vizleSaNa bhI isI calI AtI zailI meM kiyA hai; kintu saMskRta vyAkaraNa se bhinna aura viziSTa prayoga, pravRttiyA~ jo prAkRta meM haiM, unakA vistRta vivecana huA hai / AcArya hemacandra aura vararuci ke prAkRta vyAkaraNa prAkRta ke svarUpa para bharapUra prakAza DAlate haiM / jarmana vidvAn DaoN. Ara. pizala ke prAkRta bhASAoM kA vyAkaraNa grantha meM prAkRta ke vibhinna rUpoM (vyAvartanoM) ko vistAra se samajhAyA gayA hai| kaI anya grantha bhI haiM, kintu prAkRta ko sarala-subodha zailI meM sIkhane-sikhAne kI dRSTi se Aja koI bar3hiyA kitAba upalabdha nahIM hai / vizvavidyAlayIna pAThyakramoM kI bAta alaga hai, usa dRSTi se kaI saMkalana prakAza meM Aye haiM jinameM paM. becaradAsa dozI kA prAkRtamArgopadezikA, DaoN. nemicandra zAstrI ke prAkRta prabodha evaM abhinava prAkRta vyAkaraNa, zrI vijayakastUrasUrikRta prAkRta-vijJAna pAThamAlA tathA DaoN. komalacanda jaina kI prAkRta pravezikA ullekhanIya-upayogI pustakeM haiM / prastuta pAThamAlA ke lekhana meM inakA upayoga kiyA gayA hai / prastuta pAThamAlA isa pAThamAlA meM thor3e meM aura sarala DhaMga se prAkRta ko hRdayaMgama karAne kI vinamra ceSTA kI gayI hai| hameM vizvAsa hai, isake mAdhyama se pAThaka prAkRta sIkheM : 14 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #16
prAkRta ke prAcIna vADamaya evaM jainadarzana ke AdhArabhUta siddhAntoM kA paricaya prApta kara sakeMge aura hindI bhASA ke vikAsa kI eka kar3I bhI sahaja hI unake hAtha laga skegii| pAThamAlA meM udAharaNa evaM abhyAsavAkya prAyaH AgamagranthoM se liye gaye haiM; tathA prAkRta bhASA ke una sabhI prayogoM ko saMjone kA prayAsa kiyA gayA hai, jo prAkRta-sAhitya ke rasAsvAdana meM upayogI siddha ho sakate haiM / prastuta pAThoM meM kucha cune hue zabda aura dhAturUpa hI prayukta haiM, tAki pAThaka ko prAkRta kA prArambhika jJAna diyA jA sake aura vizeSa talasparzI adhyayana ke lie usameM jvalanta abhiruci jagAyI jA ske| svabhAvataH viziSTa jJAna ke lie viziSTa granthoM kA adhyayana jarUrI hai| prAkRta zabdoM kI dhvani-sambandhI vizeSatAe~ prAkRta vyAkaraNa kA dvAra khaTakhaTAne se pahale prAkRta ke katipaya zabdarUpoM ko jAna lenA Avazyaka hai / eka tathpa spaSTa hai ki jaba kisI sAhitya meM bolacAla kI bhASA prayukta hotI hai taba usameM eka hI zabda aura dhAtu ke nAnA rUpa pracalana meM A jAte haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki prAkRta meM prAya: zabda aura dhAtuoM ke kaI vikalpa dekhe jAte haiM tathA saMskRta meM jina svaroM evaM vyaMjanoM kA prayoga hotA hai, prAkRta meM unhIM meM aneka parivartana dekhane ko milate haiM / ise zabdoM kA prAkRtIkaraNa kahA jA sakatA hai| svara-parivartana sAmAnyataH prAkRta meM svara-parivartana kI nIce dI gayI pravRttiyA~ milatI haiM-- 1. hrasva svaroM kA dIrghokaraNa : azvaH>Aso (ghor3A); varSa>vAso; kartavyam >kAavvaM; siMhaH>sIho / 2. dIrgha svaroM kA hrasvIkaraNa : munIndraH>munindo; narendra>narindo; tailam>tellaM; yauvanam>jovvaNaM / 3. svaroM kA lopa : api>pi; tathApi>taha vi; iti> __ ti; iva>va, vva; asi>si... For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #17
4. samprasAraNa (kramazaH y v ra l kA i u R lR meM parivartana) : vyajanam > viaNaM, tvaritam > turiaM kathayati > ; lavaNam > loNaM / kahei; 5. R, ai evaM au ke parivartana : (a) RR sAmAnyataH a, u, i tathA ri meM badala jAtA hai; yathA -- mRgaH > mao, RSi > isI pravRttiH >pauttI, RddhiH> riddhI / , ( A ) ai > e evaM ai meM badalatA hai; yathA - zailaH > selo, daityaH>daicco / (i) au> o, u evaM au meM badala jAtA hai; yathA-kaumudI - komuI, dauvARe: > duvArio, pauraH>pauro / sarala vyaMjana- parivartana saMskRta meM prAkRta ke aneka zabda parivartita rUpa meM milate haiM / vastutaH bolacAla meM prayukta aneka vyaMjanoM ko badala kara saMskRta meM unameM ekarUpatA lAyI gayI hai, jaba ki prAkRta meM ye zabda apane mUlarUpa meM prayukta hote rahe haiM / prAkRta ke vaiyAkaraNoM ne saMskRta ko AdhAra mAnakara aise aneka saMskRta zabdoM ke prAkRta rUpa prastuta kiye haiM tathA unake parivartana ke niyama batAye haiM; jaise 1. sAmAnyataH zabdoM ke AraMbha meM Ane vAle na, ya, za aura Sa isa prakAra parivartita hue haiM - naraH > Naro, yazaH > jaso, zabdaH > saho, zyAmA > sAmA, SaDjaH> sajjo / 2. zabdoM ke bIca meM Ane vAle vyaMjanoM meM Dha, Na, ma, ra, la, sa tathA ha aparivartita rahe haiM; zeSa vyaMjana isa prakAra badala jAte haiM-ka, ga, ca, ja, da, ta, pa, ya, va lopa: nakulaM >NaulaM, nagaraM > NaaraM, vacanaM> vaaNaM, gajaH >gao, kRtaM > kaaM, yadi > jai, vipula > viula, nayanaM > NaaNaM, jIvaH > jIo / prAkRta sIkheM : 16 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #18
3. kha, gha, tha, dha, pha, bha>ha : mukha:>muho, meghaH>meho, nAthaH> NAho, badhiraH>bahiro,. muktAphalaM>muttAhalaM, sabhA>sahA / Ta>Da : ghaTa:>ghaDo; Tha>Dha : paThati>paDhai; Da>la taDAgaM>talAyaM; na>Na : vanaM.>vaNaM; ba>va : zibikA> siviyA; za>sa : dezaH>deso; Sa>sa : kaSAyaH>kasAo / 4. prAkRta meM halanta pada nahIM hai ataH unakA lopa huA hai yA ve parivartita hue haiM; jaise-pazcAt >pacchA, yat>jaM, shrd>sro| 5. visarga ke parivartana isa prakAra haiM--nara:>Naro, muniH>muNI, guruH> gurU, rAmA:>rAmA / saMyukta vyaMjana-parivartana bolane kI suvidhA-saralatA kI dRSTi se prAkRta meM vyaMjanoM kA prayoga bahuta kama hotA hai / saMskRta ke saMyukta vyaMjana prAkRta meM saralIkRta hokara Aye haiM / yaha saralIkaraNa samIkRta vyaMjana athavA svarabhakti (zabda ke bIca meM svarAgama) ke kAraNa huA hai / isa saMdarbha meM nimna tathya dhyAna dene yogya 1. prAkRta meM zabdoM ke AraMbha meM prAyaH saMyukta vyaMjana nahIM milate; yathA--zramaNa>samaNoH, dhvajaH>dhao, tyAgI>cAI, sparza> phaMso / 2. madhyavartI saMyukta vyaMjanoM meM kahIM prathama vyaMjana kA lopa aura dvitIya kA dvitva, tathA kahIM dvitIya kA lopa evaM prathama kA dvitva ho jAtA hai| isa taraha kA koI aTala niyama nahIM hai| kucha saMyukta vyaMjana-rUpa isa prakAra haiM... (ka) zabdaH>saddo, muktaH>mukko, agniH>aggI, pakva:> pakko, adya>ajja, mdhyN>mjjhN| .. __(kha) za, Sa, sa, yukta saMyukta (jur3avA~) vyaMjanoM meM cha kA Adeza evaM .. dvitva huA hai, yathA>apsarA>accharA, utsAhaH> ucchAho; : kha kA Adeza evaM dvitva-zikSA>sikkhA, bhikSA>bhikkhA ; jha kA Adeza evaM dvitv-kssiiyte>jhijji| ... prAkRta sIkheM : 17 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #19
(ga) anunAsika aura anusvAra ke sAtha bhI vyaMjanoM ke dvitva hote haiM; yathA--candraH>caMdo, janma>jammo, kanyA>kaNNA, manye>maNNe / (gha) antaHstha vargoM meM bhI dvitva hote haiM : yathA---mUrkhaH>mukkho, artha:> aTTho, ardham >aDDhe, Arya->ajja / (Ga) USma vyaMjanoM ke dvitva hote haiM; yathA-puSkaraM>pokkhara; dRSTi:>diTThI, puSpaM>pupphaM, praznaH>paNho manuSyaH> maNusso / 3. svarabhakti (zabda ke madhya meM svara kA AnA) Adi dvArA vyaMjana-parivartana; yathA--ratnarayaNaM, snehaH>saNeho, zrI. sirI, syAd>siyA, padma>pauma / anya prAkRta zabdoM kA jJAna AgAmI pAThoM meM prayukta' zabdoM se yathAprasaMga hogaa| prAkRta vAkya-racanA ke pramukha niyama / prAkRta meM zabda evaM dhAtu rUpoM ko jAnane ke pUrva yaha samajha lenA bhI Avazyaka hai ki vAkya-saMracanA meM kina sAmAnya niyamoM kA pAlana karanA hotA hai| kartA, karma, kriyA Adi kA prayoga prAyaH vAkyoM meM nimna pramukha niyamoM ke anusAra hotA hai 1. kriyA kA vacana aura puruSa kartA ke anusAra hotA hai, jaise--rAmo paDhai / devA gacchanti / ahaM namAmi / 2. kartA meM prathamA aura karma meM dvitIyA vibhakti hotI hai; jaisemohaNo gAmaM gacchai / so potthayaM paDhai / 3. kriyA kI siddhi meM jo sahAyaka ho, use karaNa kahate haiM / kAraNa meM tRtIyA vibhakti hotI hai; jaise-sacceNa jyi| DaMDena calai / putteNa saha gcchd| suheNa jIvaha / kaNNaNa bahiro (kAna se bahirA) Adi / 4. kisI prayojana tathA dene Adi ke artha meM caturthI vibhakti hotI hai; jaise-mokkhassa tavaM karai / bAlakassa dhaNaM dadAti / acche lagane arthavAlI kriyAoM tathA namaskAra Adi meM bhI caturthI kA prayoga hotA hai| prAkRta sIkheM : 18 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #20
5. jisase koI vastu Adi alaga ho to use apAdAna kahate haiM / apAdAna meM paMcamI vibhakti hotI hai; jaise-rukkhAo pattaM girai / bhaya aura rakSA Adi artha kI dhAtuoM ke sAtha bhI paMcamI hotI hai| jisase vidyA par3hI jAe usameM bhI paMcamI hotI hai, jaise-so guruNo paDhai / 6. sambandha kA bodha karAne ke lie SaSThI vibhakti hotI hai; yathArAmassa putto, rukkhassa, pupphANi ; Adi / 7. kisI kriyA ke AdhAra ko adhikaraNa kahate haiM, jahA~ yA jisameM koI kArya kiyA jAtA hai / adhikaraNa meM saptamI vibhakti hotI hai; jaisegihe bAlao nnivsi| vijjAlayammi par3hai / sIho vaNe bhamai / 8. karmavAcya vAkyoM meM kartA meM tRtIyA, karma meM prathamA, evaM kriyA karma ke anusAra hotI hai; jaise-rAiNA ciMtiyaM (rAjA ne socA), teNa bhaNiyaM (usane kahA) Adi / anya Avazyaka niyama yathAsthAna diye jaaeNge| prAkRta sIkheM : 19 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #21
pATha 3 : pulliga zabdarUpa aura unake prayoga prAkRta meM tIna liMga, tIna puruSa evaM do vacana hote haiN| dvivacana ke sthAna para bahuvacana kA hI prayoga hotA hai| pulliga meM akArAnta, ikArAnta' aura ukArAnta' zabdoM ke prayoga pAye jAte haiM / saMjJA, sarvanAma, dhAtu, avyaya, pratyaya Adi kI jAnakArI bhASA-jJAna ke lie Avazyaka hotI hai; ataH AgAmI pAThoM meM kramaza: inakI vizeSa jAnakArI prApta hogii| yahA~ pulliga zabdarUpa evaM vartamAnakAla ke dhAturUpoM kA saMkSipta paricaya prastuta hai| akArAnta zabdoM ke vibhakti-cihna vibhakti ekavacana bahuvacana paDhamA (prathamA) o, e A bIA (dvitIyA) e, A taiyA (tRtIyA) Na, NaM hi, hi, hiM cautthI (caturthI) ya, ssa Na, NaM paMcamI (paJcamI) to, o, u, hi tto, o, u, hi, hito suMto chaTThI (SaSThI) Na, NaM sattamI (saptamI) e, mmi, si su, suM saMbohaNa (sambodhana) o, luk A prAkRta ke katipaya akArAnta zabda prathamA vibhakti ekavacana meM isa prakAra haiM-devo (deva), jaNo (jana), vIyarAgo (vItarAga), samaNo (zramaNa), maNuso (manuSya), Aicco (Aditya), Ayario (AcArya), prAkRta sIkheM : 20 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #22
FE jIvo (jIva), jiNido (jinendra), Naro (nara), AAso (AkAza), mio (mRga), meho (megha), cando (candramA), ujjamo (udyama), nirayo (naraka), maNoraho (manoratha), mokkho (mokSa), sahAvo (svabhAva), viNayo (vinaya), putto (putra) Adi / udAharaNa ke lie 'jiNa' zabda ke vibhakti-sahita rUpa yahA~ diye gaye haiM; anya zabdoM ke rUpa bhI isI prakAra prayukta hote haiN| jiNa (jina) ekavacana bahuvacana jiNo, jiNe jiNA jiNaM jiNA, jiNe jiNeNa, jiNeNaM jiNehi, jiNehiM, jiNehi~ jiNAya, jiNassa jiNANa, jiNANaM jiNatto, jiNAo, jiNAu jiNatto, jiNAo, jiNAhi jiNAhinto jiNassa jiNANa, jiNANaM jiNe, jiNammi, jiNaMsi jiNesu, jiNesuM he jiNa, jiNo jiNA kriyA-rUpa vAkya-racanA meM zabdoM ke atirikta kriyArUpoM kA jJAna bahuta Avazyaka hai| prAkRta ke kriyArUpa bahuta sarala haiN| vibhinna kAloM kI anya kriyAoM-sambandhI jAnakArI Age dI jaaegii| yahA~ vartamAnakAla kI kucha kriyAoM ke rUpa prastuta haiN| vartamAna kAla ke pratyaya ekavacana bahuvacana prathama puruSa nti, nte, ire madhyama puruSa si, e itthA , ha ; uttama puruSa mi .mo,mu, ma # # prAkRta sIkheM : 21 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #23
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra pra. pu. ma. pu. u. pu. asthi- -hai - gacchai- -jAtA hai paDhAi par3hatA hai| paNa mai -- praNAma karatA hai viharai -- vihAra karatA hai nidas - niMdA karatA hai| lahai -- prApta karatA hai muccai -- chor3atA hai marai-maratA hai ho ( honA) dhAtu ke rUpa hoi hosi homi garahai -- ghRNA karatA hai pesai - bhejatA hai lihai-likhatA hai visara -rahatA hai titha nahIM hai www.kobatirth.org namai- -namaskAra karatA hai| pAvai -- pAtA hai bhuMjai-bhogatA hai gajjai garjatA hai Nacca-nAcatA hai kriyA - koza Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir honti, honte, hoire hoitthA, hoha homo, homa, homa santi haiM pucchara - pUchatA hai jANai -- (muNai ) jAnatA hai dei detA hai icchai - icchA karatA hai vaccaii-jAtA hai saMsarai - bhramaNa karatA hai bhaNai - kahatA hai pivai-pItA hai - - dhArai -- dhAraNa karatA hai kujjhai -- krodha karatA hai khAai-khAtA hai paDibohai --jagAtA hai kahai -- kahatA hai ahilahaii-kAmanA karatA hai bIha ---- DaratA hai www. khavai kSaya karatA hai vasaI-rahatA hai kuNai karatA hai vAkya-prayoga arihaMtanamukkAro paDhamaM magalaM asthi - arihanta- namaskAra prathama maMgala hai | Arao meruva pikaMpo hoi - AcArya meru ke samAna niSkaMpa hotA hai / uvajhAyA rayaNattayasaMjuttA hoMti - upAdhyAya ratnatraya se yukta hote haiM / prAkRta sIkheM : 22 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #24
devA vitaM namasaMti --devatA bhI use namaskAra karate haiN| devA titthayaraM jANanti -deva tIrthaMkara ko jAnate haiN| samaNo nayare viharai -zramaNa nagara meM ghUmatA hai| pamAyabahulo jIvo saMsarai -pramAdayukta jIva bhramaNa karatA hai| saMvaravihINassa mokkho Na hoi -saMyamahIna ko mokSa nahIM hotA hai| dasaNasuddho puriso NiNvANaM lahei -darzanazuddha puruSa nirvANa pAtA hai| jIvANaM rakkhaNaM dhammo atthi --jIvoM kI rakSA dharma hai| vIyarAgA logamaloga muNeire --vItarAga loka-aloka ko jAnate haiN| rAmo mokkhaM ahilahai -rAma mokSa kI kAmanA karatA hai| abhyAsa hindI meM anuvAda kIjiye___rAmo deve pnnmi| puriso devaM namai / putto paidiNaM piaraM paNamai / AyAse mehA saMti / aggi uNhaM hoi| mAhaNo kohaM kuNai / Narayammi ai dukkhA saMti / vArANasIe jnn| NivasaMti / jo egaM jANei so savvaM jANai / pAvA narA suhaM na pAventi / dhaNaM dANeNa sahala hoi| AyAro paramo dhmmo| aIva Neho dukkhassa mUlaM asthi / he khamAsamaNa ! matthaeNa vNdaami| prAkRta meM anuvAda kIjiye vana meM siMha garajatA hai| rAma jinavacana par3hatA hai| zramaNa AtmA ko jAnatA hai| alobha aparigraha hai| AcArya maraNa se nahIM DaratA hai| vItarAga ko saba jAnate haiN| haribhadra grantha likhatA hai| ikArAnta aura ukArAnta zabda prAkRta meM pulliga ikArAnta aura ukArAnta zabdoM kA bhI prayoga hotA hai| inakI rUpa-racanA ke udAharaNa isa prakAra haiN| muNi (muni) ekavacana bahuvacana muNI muNau, muNao, muNiNo muNi muNI, muNiNo prAkRta sIkheM: 23 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #25
BE muNI muNiNA muNIhi muNiNo, muNissa muNINa, muNINaM muNiNo, muNitto muNIo, muNI hinto, muNIsunto muNiNo, ma Nissa muNINa, muNINaM muNimmi, muNisi muNIsu, muNIsaM muNao, muNiNo bohi (bodhi), ravi, kai (kavi), ari, samAhi (samAdhi), nihi (nidhi), tavassi (tapasvI), suhi (sudhI), nemi, risI (RSi), aggi (agni), Naravai (narapati), hari Adi ikArAnta zabdoM ke rUpa muNi jaise hI cleNge| sAhu (sAdhu) ekavacana bahuvacana sAhU sAhuNo, sAhuo sAhu sAhuNo, sAhU sAhuNA sAhUhiM sAhuNo, sAhussa sAhUNa, sAhUNaM sAhuNo, sAhutto sAhUhinto, sAhUsunto sAhuNo, sAhussa sAhUNa, sAhUNaM sAhummi, sAhuMsi ___sAhUsu, sAhUsuM he sAhU sAhavo, sAhao savaNNu (sarvajJa), gau (go), guru, meru, dhaNu, vijju (vidyut), ucchu (ikSu), maccu (mRtyu), sayaMbhu (svayaMbhU), bhANu, piu (pitA), taru, jaMtu (prANI), pasu (pazu), thANu (mahAdeva), pahu (prabhu), riu (ripu), viu (vidvAn), cAru (sundara), viNhu (viSNu) Adi zabdoM ke rUpa sAhu ke samAna hI cleNge| 4. AAAAA prAkRta sIkheM : 24 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #26
bahupacInagara svarAnta evaM vyaJjanAnta pulliga zabda RkArAnta evaM vyaMjanAnta zabda prAkRta meM bhinna rUpoM meM prayukta hote haiM / katipaya aise zabda yahA~ draSTavya haiM kartR--kattAra, bhartR--bhattAra, bhrAtR-bhAyara, pitR-piu, pitara, dAtR-dAyAra aadi| Atman--appANa (attANa, appa, atta, AdA) Adi / rAjan-rAya, mugdha-muddha, janman-jammo, candramas--- candamo, karman--kamma, arhan-araho, bhagavat--bhagavanto Adi / inake rUpa prAya: akArAnta zabdoM jaise calate haiN| kucha vibhaktiyoM meM bhinna prayoga bhI dekhane ko milate haiN| rAjan (rAya) aura Atman (appANa) zabda ke rUpa draSTavya haiM ___ rAya (rAyam / ekavacana rAyA rAyaNo, rAiNo rAyaM, rAiNaM rAiNA, rAeNa, raNNA rAehiM, rAIhiM raNo, rAiNo, rAyassa rAINa, rAyANaM raNNo, rAiNo, rAyatto rAyAhitA, rAyAsuto, rAihito raNo, rAiNo, rAyassa rAINa, rAyANaM rAya mmi, rAimmi rAIsu, rAesu rAya, rAyA rAyA, rAiNo appANa (Atman) ekavacana bahuvacana appANo __ appANo appANaM appaNA apANehi appANassa, appaNo appANANaM appANatto, appANAo appANAhito, appANAsuMto AAAAAAAAAA prAkRta sIkheM : 25 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #27
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra 1 cha. sa. www.kobatirth.org --- appANassa appANammi kriyA-koza uvadisati - - upadeza detA hai viharati-- bhramaNa karatA hai Aroha--car3hatA hai palAyati -- bhAgatA hai aNucarati -- sevA karatA hai uTThai -utpanna hotA hai oai-- prakAzita karatA hai| jiNai -- jItatA hai Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir ravaNo seNA giri Arohai jo ujjANe sujhANaM samAyaranti muNiNo girimmi tapa karenti afrat phulliMgA nikkasaM ti isa jIve yA kuNAMti guru sIsA uvadisaMti sAhU guruhi saha viharati vAmma gamaNaM sakkaM natthi macuM tvA so duhI hoi pANIsuM titthayarA uttimA saMti hindI meM anuvAda kIjiye appANANa appANesu samArati-- AcaraNa karatA hai ciTThai rahatA hai nikkasati -- nikalatA haiM accati -- pUjA karatA hai patthati-stuti karatA hai sevai -- sevA karatA hai viasai - - vikAsa karatA hai sAva-sunAtA hai vAkya-prayoga - rAjA kI senA pahAr3a para car3hatI hai / yati udyAnoM meM dhyAna karate haiM / - muni pahAr3a para tapasyA karate haiM / -agni se sphulliMga nikalate haiM / - RSi prANiyoM para dayA karate haiM / - guru ziSyoM ko upadeza dete haiM / - sAdhu guruoM ke sAtha bhramaNa karate haiM / - vAyu meM calanA saMbhava nahIM hai / -- mRtyu ko jAnakara vaha du:khI hotA hai / -- prANiyoM meM tIrthaMkara uttama haiM / annANIsuM suttANaM rahassaM na ciTThara / isiNo tujjha ghare bhoyaNaM kareMti / haM muNiNo accemi / te muNiNo aNucaranti / maccuM ko ahila - hai / tumaM bhANu pecchasi / pakkhiNo tarusuM vasaMti / paccUse bhANuNo prAkRta sIkheM : 26 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #28
payAso ratto hvi| paMDiA maccuNo Na bIhaMti / gurussa viNaeNa murukkho vi paMDio hoi / prAkRta meM anuvAda kIjiye___muni prANoM ko dhAraNa karate haiN| krodhAgni jalAtI hai| RSi granthoM kA svAdhyAya karate haiN| rAjA hari kI pUjA karatA hai| tuma sUrya ko dekhate ho| marubhUmi meM kalpavRkSa utpanna nahIM hotA hai| kavi kAvya likhatA hai| jinendra utpanna nahIM hotA hai| kavi kAvya likhatA hai| jinendra indriyoM ko jItate haiN| pakSI AkAza meM ur3atA hai| maiM apane pitA kI sevA karatA huuN| saba loga AtmA kI unnati karate haiN| ve AtmA kA dhyAna karate haiN| prAkRta sIkheM: 27 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #29
pATha 4 : sarvanAma; rUpa aura prayoga vAkyoM ko sughar3a-sundara banAne ke lie saMjJA ke sthAna para sarvanAma kA prayoga hotA hai| isase kisI eka saMjJA zabda kI punarAvRtti nahIM hotii| jisa saMjJA ke sthAna para jo sarvanAma kAma AtA hai, usakA liMga-vacana usa saMjJA ke samAna hI hotA hai, jaise-mohaNo rAmassa bhicco atthi--mohana rAma kA bhRtya (naukara) hai; so nibbhao atthi--vaha nirbhaya hai| yahA~ 'mohaNo' ke sthAna para 'so' evaM nibbhao vizeSaNa prayukta huA hai| donoM hI 'mohaNo' ke samAna pulliga aura ekavacana meM haiN| sarvanAmoM meM vaha, maiM, tuma, hama, yaha, kauna, jo Adi aneka zabda prayukta hote haiN| tuma aura maiM vAcaka zabdoM ke atirikta anya sarvanAma zabda prAya: prathama puruSa ke hote haiM; tadanusAra hI unake rUpa calate haiN| sarvanAmoM ke prayoga kA jJAna aura abhyAsa prAkRta ke vAkyoM ke adhikAdhika par3hane se hI saMbhava hai / kucha pramukha sarvanAma zabdoM ke rUpa evaM tatsambandhI vAkya-prayoga isa prakAra haiM ta (tad)-vaha, pulliga, sarvanAma ekavacana bahuvacana so vI. taM ta. teNa tassa, se tesi, tANa tato, tAo tAhito tassa, se tesi, tANaM tahi, tammi tesu, tesuM tehi # prAkRta sIkheM : 28 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #30
bahuvacana AAAAA isI prakAra ja (yad)--jo, ka (kim )----kauna, eta (etad)yaha Adi ke rUpa clge| sA (tad)-vaha, strIliMga, sarvanAma ekavacana sA tIA, tAo tIA, tAo tIA, tIe, NAe tAhi, tIhi tIse, tAe tANaM, tesi tIe, tAe tIhito tissA, tIe tANaM, tesi tIa, tIe tIsu, tAsu isI prakAra jA (yad)--jo, eA (etad)--yaha Adi strIliMga sarvanAma zabdoM ke rUpa cleNge| napuMsakaliMga sarvanAma zabdoM meM prathamA aura dvitIyA vibhaktiyoM meM kucha bhinnatA hai; zeSa rUpa pulliga ke samAna hI calate haiN| ta (vaha) napuMsakaliMga sarvanAma zabda ke pra., dvi. vibhaktiyoM meM taM, tAI, tANi rUpa hoNge| zeSa pulliga ke samAna haiN| tumha (yuSmad) evaM amha (asmad) sarvanAmoM ke rUpa tInoM lagoM meM eka-jaise hote haiM / vAkyoM meM inakA bahuta prayoga hotA hai; ata: inake rUpa nIce diye jA rahe haiN| tumha (yuSmad )-tuma ekavacana bahuvacana tuma , tuM, tuha tubbhe, tujjha, tumha tuma, tume tujjha, tumhe tumai, tumae tuha, tumhehi tumheM, tujjha, tuha tumANa, tuhANa prAkRta sIkheM : 29 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #31
HA.AA AR nukto, tumAo tuhito, tumhAsuMto tumheM, tujjha, tuha tumANa, tuhANa, tumhANa tumae, tuhammi, tumammi tusu, tumesu, tumhesu amha (asmad )-hama ekavacana bahuvacana haM, ahaM, ammi amha, vayaM ammi , mama amhe, amha mamae, mae amhehi mama, mahaM, majjha amhANa, majjhANa, mamANa maitto, mamAo mamAhito, ammehi mama, maha, majjha mamANa, majjhANa ma, amhammi, mahammi amhesu, mamesu sarvanAmoM meM savva (saba, sabhI) zabda kA bahuta prayoga hotA hai| prAkRta meM savva (pu.), savvA (strI.), savvaM (napuM.) ke rUpa meM kramaza: jiNo, mAlA evaM vaNaM zabdoM kI bhA~ti cleNge| vAkya-prayoga so pADhaM lihai--vaha pATha likhatA hai| imo hasai--yaha ha~satA hai| ime Namanti--ye namaskAra karate haiN| ete dhAvanti--ye daur3ate haiN| te taM dhikkAranti-ve unako dhikkArate haiN| imiNA kajja havai---isake dvArA kArya hotA hai| assa potthayaM atthi--isakI pustaka hai| tuma gihaM gacchasi--tuma ghara jAte ho| tuma kao Agacchasi---tuma kahA~ se Ate ho? tujjha avarAho natthi--tumhArA aparAdha nahIM hai| tumheM kajja karitthA--tuma loga kAma karate ho| ahaM jalaM gavesAmi--maiM jala khojatA huuN| haM pAvaM garahemi-maiM pApa se ghRNA karatA huuN| amhe bhaNAmo--hama kahate haiN| Na ko vi taM haNiuM samattho--use koI nahIM mAra sakatA / savvesiM guNANaM bamheceraM uttama atthi--saba guNoM meM brahmacarya zreSTha hai| taha kuNasu, jaha na saMsAraM nivaDimo--aisA karo, prAkRta sIkheM : 30 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #32
jisase hama saMsAra meM na gireN| ego haM, natthi me koI--maiM akelA hU~, merA koI nahIM hai| jo satthaM paDhei tassa suha lAho--jo zAstra par3hatA hai, use sukha milatA hai| jo appANaM jANadi so savvaM jANadi--jo Apako jAnatA hai, vaha sabako jAnatA hai| ema kha NANiNo sAraM-- yahI jJAnI ke lie sAra hai| amhe aNNA aNuharAmo--hama loga dUsaroM kA anukaraNa karate haiN| hindI meM anuvAda kIjiye ahaM namAmi / haM vatthaM dhAremi / amhe paDhAmo / so tujjha dhaNaM dei / tumhe jaannh| tuma ki karosi / te gacchanti / tassa putto paDhai / assa potthayaM asthi / / ete Namanti / imo devaM nnmi| je jiNavayaNaM Na jANanti te saMsAre bhmNti| ego me sAsao appaa| tujjha paNAmo vi bahuphalo hoi / jo appANa jhAyadi tassa parama samAhI havai / prAkRta meM anuvAda kIjiye yaha bolatA hai| vaha daur3atA hai| tuma par3hate ho| maiM jAtA huuN| hama namaskAra karate haiN| ve ha~sate haiN| vaha ghara meM rahatA hai| tuma jala pIte ho| maiM pustaka par3hatA huuN| hama bhojana karate haiN| prAkRta sIkheM : 31 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #33
pa. mAlA bI. mAlaM pATha 5 : strIliMga zabda : rUpa aura prayoga mAlA, strIliMga, saMjJAzabda ekavacana ta. mAlAa, mAlAr3a, mAlAe ca. mAlAa, mAlAi, mAlAe paM. mAlAa, mAlAe, mAlAtto Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir cha. mAlAa, mAlAi, mAlAe mAlAa, mAlAi, mAlAe mAle bahuvacana mAlAu, mAlAo mAlAu, mAlAo mAlAhi mAlANa, mAlANaM mAlAhito, mAlAsunto mAlANa, mAlANaM mAlAsu, mAlAsuM sa. saM. mAlA mAlA zabda ke samAna anya strIliMga zabdoM ke rUpa bhI caleMge / ladA (latA), maTTiA (miTTI), accaNA ( arcanA ), kannA (kanyA), khamA (kSamA) Adi zabda isI taraha ke haiM / strIliMga meM ikArAnta, ukArAnta aura UkArAnta zabda bhI prayukta hote haiM; yathA - mai ( mati), mutti (mukti), rAi ( rAtri), lacchI (lakSmI), naI (nadI), bohi (bodhi ), bahiNI (bahina ), bahU (vadhU) Adi / mAA (mAtA), sasA (sAsa), dhUA (putrI), Adi RkArAnta strIliMga zabda haiN| kucha anya pracalita strIliMga zabda isa prakAra haiM : zabda-koza ajjA (AryA ), ANA ( AjJA ), payA (prajA), vINA (vINA), sAhA (zAkhA), kamalA (lakSmI), karuNA (dayA), kahA ( kathA ), kivA (kRpA), koilA ( kokilA), chudhA (bhUkha ), gaMgA ( gaMgA nadI), guhA prAkRta sIkheM |: 32 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #34
(guphA), dhaA (tvacA, camar3I), cavalA (bijalI), jarA (bur3hApA), mAyA (strI), jIhA (jivhA, jIbha), NAvA (naukA), duhiA (lar3akI), pasaMsA (prazaMsA), sikkhA (zikSA), maira (madirA), musA (mRSA, jhUTha), juvai (yuvati), santi (zAnti), itthI (strI), sahI (sakhI), dheNu (gAya, dhenu), bijju (bijalI), niMdA (nindA), pIi (prIti), bohi (bodhi), ciMtA (cintA, phikra), camU (senA), sarajU (sarayU), vakkhA (vyAkhyA), layA (latA), rehA (rekhA), kitti (kIrti), diTThi (dRSTi) vasuhA (pRthvI), gai (gati), gorI (pArvatI), jAi (jaati)| dhAtu-koza zAyadi (dhyAna karatA hai), deti (detA hai), chinnati (kATatA hai), Nimmai (banAtA hai), vijjoai (camakatA hai), thuNai (stuti karatA hai), puNei (pavitra karatA hai), haNai (mAratA hai), ruccai (pasanda karatA hai), vaTTai (vartamAna hai), Ayai (AtA hai), NAsedI (nAza karatA hai), abhigacchati (prApta karatA hai), sajjai (sajAtA hai), tarai (pAra karatA hai), giNhai (grahaNa karatA hai), vaDDhai (bar3hatA hai), citai (cintA karatA hai), rUsai (gussA karatA hai), lAlai (pAlana karatA hai), laggai (lagatA hai)| vAkya-prayoga icchA AgAsasamA aNaMtiyA hoi--icchA AkAza ke samAna antahIna hotI hai| ahiMsA savvesi ktaguNANaM sAro atthi--ahiMsA sAre vrata-guNoM kA sAra hai / sIyA mAlaM dhArai--sItA mAlA dhAraNa karatI hai| ladAhiM gharassa sohA havai-latAoM se ghara kI zobhA hotI hai / miTTiAsu aNNaM uppaNaM havai-miTTI meM anAja utpanna hotA hai| mAyA sahassANa saccANa NAsedi-mAyA hajAra satyoM kA nAza karatI hai| paraNiMdA dohaggakarI hoI--paranindA durbhAgyakArI hotI hai| tassa mai uttamA asthi--usakI mati acchI hai / muttIe savve payattaM kuNanti---mukti ke lie sabhI prayatna karate haiM / lacchI cavalA havAi--lakSmI caMcalA hotI hai / amhe dheNUe duddhaM pivamo--hama loga gAya kA dUdha pIte haiM / tIe bahutto bahusukhaM atthi-- usako bahU se bahuta sukha hai / viNayahIyA vijjA phalaM deMti--vinaya se par3hI prAkRta sIkheM : 33 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #35
gayI vidyA phala detI hai / saggammi accharAo NivasaMti--svarga meM apsarAe~ rahatI hai| bhavantIe jattA sahalA hoi--ApakI yAtrA saphala hotI hai| revai sAviyAe viyaM gINhai--revatI zrAvikA ke vrata grahaNa karatI hai| sA visayANaM ciMtaNaM karei--vaha viSayoM kA cintana karatI hai| candapahA sIlavayassa rakkhaM kuNai---candraprabhA zIlavata kI rakSA karatI hai| hindI meM anuvAda kIjiye ladAhiM gharassa sohA havai / mAlAhiMto suyaMdho Ayai / halihAsu sattI Nivasai / muttIe siddhA NivasaMti / bahiNI bhAyaraM NehaM kuNai / mAA mamaM siNehaM karai / so nAvAe naI tri| ahilAsA dukkarA atthi / bAlA NayaraM gacchai / tumaM dhUaM haNasi / tumhANaM samIve bahusaMpayA asthi / mahilAo santANaM lAlanti / prAkRta meM anuvAda kIjiye mAtA putra ko sneha karatI hai| kamalA mohana kI putrI hai / ve lakSmI kI icchA karate haiN| gaMgA kA pravAha tIvra hai| unakI abhilASA duSkara hai| AkAza meM bijalI camakatI hai| vRkSa kI chAyA zItala hai| maiM latAoM se phUla tor3atA hu~ / sItA sabhA meM bolatI hai| prAkRta sIkheM : 34 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #36
pATha 6 : napuMsakaliMga zabda aura unake prayoga / vahi prathamA aura dvitIyA vibhakti ke ekavacana meM napuMsakaliMga ke svarAnta zabdoM meM vibhakti-cihna anusvAra' jor3A jAtA hai tathA bahuvacana meM iM, i,Ni vibhakti cihna jor3e jAte haiM / tRtIyA vibhakti se Age napuM. zabdoM ke mabhI rUpa pulliga zabdoM ke samAna hI calate haiN| kucha pramukha zabdarUpa isa prakAra haiM vaNa (vana), napuM. saMjJA ekavacana bahuvacana vaNaM vaNAI, vaNAi~, vaNANi bI. vaNaM vaNAI, vaNA', vaNANi ta. vaNeNa vaNassa vaNANaM vaNatto, vaNAo vaNAhito . vaNassa vaNANaM vaNammi vaNesu saM. he vaNa he vaNAI zabda-koza abbhaM (megha), kamalaM (kamala), miNabimbaM (jinabimba) nANaM (jJAna), dANaM (dAna), jovvaNaM (yauvana), vAgaraNaM (vyAkaraNa), samAyaraNaM (samAcaraNa), AyAsaM (AkAza), AsaNaM (Asana), davvaM (dravya), bhayaM (bhaya), samosaraNaM (samavasaraNa), siddhAlayaM (siddhAlaya), vemaNassa (vaimanasya), veramaNaM (nivRtti), vehavaM (vaibhava), saMThANaM EFEE prAkRta sIkheM : 35 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #37
(AkRti), saMtAvaNaM (santApa), saccaM (satya), sattaM (sattva), saddahANaM (zraddhAna), sAgayaM (svAgata), sivaM (maMgala, ziva), sunderaM (saundarya), sukayaM (puNya), suttaM (sUtra), suhaM (sukha), riNaM (RNa, karja), kavaDaM (kapaTa), kuDuvaM (kuTumba), gehaM (ghara) inake rUpa napuMsakaliMga zabda kI taraha cleNge| prAkRta meM kucha ikArAnta evaM ukArAnta napuMsakaliMga zabda bhI prayukta hote haiM; yathA--dahi (dadhi, dahI), vAri (jala), surahi (surabhi), mahu (madhu), aMsu (azru) Adi / inake rUpa prathamA evaM dvitIyA vibhakti meM napaM. ke citroM se yakta zeSa vibhaktiyoM meM prAyaH palliga mani, sAha jaise zabdoM kI bhAMti hote haiM / dAma (dAman), nAma (nAman), pemma (preman), seya (zreyas), bhagavanta (bhagavat), Ausa (AyuS) jaise napuMsakaliMga zabda bhI prAkRta meM prayukta haiN| dhAtu-koza ciNaMti--cunatA hai| varasei-barasatA hai / chidai-kATatA hai / raei--racatA hai| muMcai--chor3atA hai| nayaMsati--namaskAra karatA hai| corei---curAtA hai / sohai----zobhita hotA hai| joai-~-camakatA hai| ciTThai-rahatA hai| vAkya-prayoga nakkhattANaM miaMko joai--nakSatroM meM candramA camakatA hai| pAiyakavvaM hiyayaM suhAvai--prAkRtakAvya hRdaya ko acchA lagatA hai| so pAvakamma Na karei--vaha pApa karma nahIM karatA hai / sAhaNaM daMsaNaM duriyaM paNAsei--sAdhuoM kA darzana pApa naSTa karatA hai / bahmaceraM uttama atthi --brahmacarya uttama hai / samosaraNammi savve jIvA AsaMti---samavasaraNa meM sabhI jIva baiThate haiM / siddhAlayammi siddhA Nivasanti--siddhAlaya meM siddha rahate haiM / tassa saMThANaM sunderaM atthi---usakI AkRti sundara hai| vArimmi macchA saMti---jala meM machaliyA~ haiM / ahaM pAvaM nidemi--maiM pApa kI prAkRta sIkheM : 36 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #38
nindA karatA huuN| amhe nANaM icchAmo-hama jJAna kI icchA karate haiN| jaNo kuDhAreNa kaTThAI chidai-vyakti kuThAra se lakar3I kATatA hai| hindI meM anuvAda kIjiye___ abhaM parasei / moro naccaM karei / coro dhaNaM corei / dANeNa dhaNaM sahalaM hoi / ujjameNa kajjANi sijhaMti / nANaM tattANaM payAsagaM hoi| vacchassa phalANi mahurANi saMti / dhammo suhANaM mUlaM / ahaM matthaeNa vaMdAmi / so ujjANaM gacchai / prAkRta sIkheM : 37 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #39
pATha : 7 vartamAnakAla; kriyArUpa evaM prayoga prAkRta meM kAla-racanA kI dRSTi se vartamAna, bhUta, bhaviSya, AjJA, vidhi aura kriyAtipatti ke kriyArUpa evaM unake prayoga pAye jAte haiN| sahAyaka kriyA ke sAtha kRdanta rUpoM kA vyavahAra bhI dekhane ko milatA hai| kriyAoM meM prAyaH parasmaipada kA prayoga hotA hai; yathA-sahe>sahemi; gamyate>gacchIadi Adi / vartamAna kAla ke dhAturUpoM evaM unake pratyayoM Adi ko isa prakAra samajhA jA sakatA hai| as (vidyamAna honA); dhAtu ekavacana bahuvacana pra.pu. atthi atthi, saMti ma.pu. atthi, si asthi u.pu. atthi, mhi atthi, mho, mha vAkya-prayoga so puriso atthi-vaha puruSa hai / te bAlaA saMti/asthi-ve bAlaka haiN| tuma cavalo si/atthi-tuma caMcala ho / tumhe kusalA atthi-tuma loga kuzala ho| haM putto mhi/atthi-maiM putra hU~ / amhe pamattA mho/atthi-hama loga pramAdI haiN| ArSa prAkRta meM haM ke sAtha aMsi tathA amhe ke sAtha mha, mu, mo, rUpa bhI prayukta dekhe jAte haiN| prAkRta sIkheM : 38 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #40
bahuvacana w # mn `ny p mn karenti vartamAnakAla ke dhAtu-pratyaya ekavacana i,e nti, nte, ire si, se itthA , ha mo, mu, ma kara (karanA) dhAtu ke pratyaya-sahita rUpa pra.pu. karai, karae karanti, karante, karire ma.pu. karasi, kArase karitthA, karaha karama karimo, karima, karima vartamAna kAla kI dhAtuoM ke 'a' kA jaba vikalpa se 'e' ho jAtA hai tathA uttama puruSa ke pratyayoM ke pUrva 'a' kA 'A' ho jAtA hai, taba rUpa isa prakAra hote haiM karei, karoe karesi, karese kareha karemi, kArAmi karemo, karAmo, karAma vaMda (vaMdanA karanA) dhAtu ke rUpa ekavacana bahuvacana vaMdai, vaMdei vaMdaMti, vaMdeti vaMdae, vaMdee vaMdaMte, vaMdete, vaMdaire, vaMdeire vaMdasi, vaMdesi vaMdaitthA, vaMdeitthA, vaMdaha, vaMdeha, vaMdase, vaMdese vaMditthA u.pu. vaMdami, vaMdAmi, vaMdemi vaMdamo, vaMdAmo, vaMdimo, vaMdemo, vaMdamu, vaMdAmu, vaMdimu, vaMdemu, vaMdama, vaMdAma, vaMdima, vaMdema vartamAnakAla meM anya dhAtuoM ke rUpa bhI isI prakAra hoNge| kucha dhAtue~ pUrva ke pAThoM meM dI jA cukI hai| katipaya dhAtuoM ke mUlarUpa isa taraha haiM ma fny mn w mn prAkRta sIkheM : 39 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #41
dhAtu-koza harisa (prasanna honA), karisa (khIMcanA), ariha (pUjanA), dekkha (dekhanA), paDa (par3anA, giranA), java (jApa karanA), veva (kA~panA), majja (mada karanA), jujjha (yuddha karanA, vaha (vadha karanA), kaha (kahanA), dhAva (daur3anA), bIha (DaranA), nama (praNAma karanA, jhukanA), jiNa (jItanA), suNa (sunanA), sumara (smaraNa karanA), kuNa (karanA), varisa (barasanA), marisa (kSamA karanA, sahana karanA), jema (bhojana karanA), puccha (pUchanA), kuppa (krodha karanA), tava (tapa karanA, saMtApa honA), bolla (bolanA), vijja (vidyamAna honA), boha (jAnanA), soha (zobhita honA), liha (likhanA), laha (prA ta karanA), Daha (jalanA), caya (tyAga karanA), cala (calanA), gaccha (jAnA), nacca (nAcanA), haNa (maarnaa)| ukta saba dhAtuoM ke rUpa kara +a+i>karai Adi pratyaya lagAkara cleNge| ina sabhI dhAtuoM meM 'a' vikaraNa jor3akara unheM svarAnta banA liyA jAtA hai tadanantara pratyaya lagate hai| prAkRta meM malataH nIce dI jA rahIM svarAnta dhAtuoM kA prayoga hotA hai___dA (denA), jhA (dhyAna karanA), gA (gAnA), dhA (daur3anA), bU (bolanA), NI (le jAnA), ThA (ThaharAnA), pA (pInA), jA (jAnA), khA (khAnA), ho (honA), uDDe (ur3anA) / svarAnta dhAtuoM meM pratyaya lagAne ke pUrva 'a' vikaraNa vikalpa se hotA hai; yathA dA+ i + dAi, ho+i+hoi, jhA+mi>jhAmi ; dA+a+ i>dAai, ho+a+i>hoai, jhA+a+ mi>jhAami (detA hai) (hotA hai) (dhyAna karatA hai) vAkya-prayoga mohaNo gacchai (mohana jAtA hai), so bhaNai (vaha par3hatA hai), mahAvIro jiNo jhAai (mahAvIra jina dhyAna karate haiM), buhA purisA veraM na rakkhanti prAkRta sIkheM : 40 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #42
( buddhimAna puruSa baira nahIM rakhate haiM), te jayaure vasaMti (ve jayapura rahate haiM), mUDhA kAmesu mujjhati ( mUr3ha kAma viSayoM meM mugdha hote haiM), tumaM potthayaM paDhasi (tuma pustaka par3hate ho ), tumaM dhAvasi (tuma daur3ate ho ), tumhe khette khelitthA (tuma loga maidAna meM khelate ho ), tumheM ki jANeha (tuma loga kyA jAnate ho), matthayeNa mahAvIraM vaMdAmi ( sira se mahAvIra ko praNAma karatA hU~ yA mahAvIra ko mastaka jhukAtA hU~), ahaM saccaM bollAmi ( maiM saca bolatA hU~), haM kaNNehiM suNemi ( maiM kAnoM se sunatA hU~), amhe mahAvIro paNamAmo ( hama mahAvIra ko praNAma karate haiM), amhe ujjANe ciTThesu (hama loga udyAna meM baiThate haiM) / hindI meM anuvAda kIjiye so dhaNaM dAai / te naaraM nivasaMti / tumaM bhoaNaM khAasi / tumhe giriNo paDitthA / haM muNiNo accemi / ahaM potthayaM bhaNAmi / haM baDDhamANaM vaMdAmi / amhe isINaM (RSi) kajjaM karimo | amhe bhavaMtaM namAmo / te giraM jhAanti / ko puriso muNiNo samIvaM paDhai ? 1 prAkRta meM anuvAda kIjiye vaha jAnatA hai / vaha gA~va jAtA hai| rAma pUjA karatA hai| ve dhyAna karate haiM / ve ghara meM rahate haiM / tuma saba bolate ho| tuma pustaka likhate ho| tuma khelate ho| tuma mahAvIra kI vandanA karate ho| maiM pUchatA hU~ / parvata se giratA huuN| hama sAmAyika karate haiM / hama pratidina maMdira jAte haiM / tAtkAlika vartamAna ke prayoga prAcIna prAkRta meM tAtkAlika vartamAna ke prayoga prAyaH nahIM milate / koI kriyA jaba kI jA rahI hotI hai taba use tAtkAlika vartamAna kahate haiM; yathA -- vaha jA rahA hai-so gacchaMto atthi / yadi prAkRta meM isa prakAra ke vAkyoM kA anuvAda karanA ho to mUla dhAtu meM 'nta' pratyaya jor3akara kartA ke vacana ke anurUpa 'asthi' yA 'saMti' kriyA lagAnA cAhiye / ukta kathana nIce diye jA rahe udAharaNa vAkyoM se spaSTa ho jAegA prAkRta sIkheM: 41 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #43
prAkRta sIkheM: 42 Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir vAkya-prayoga so kalamena likhanto atthi ( vaha kalama se likha rahA hai ) ; te kajjaM kutA santi (ve kAma kara rahe haiM); tumaM gacchanto si (tuma jA rahe ho ) ; tumhe paDhantA saMti (tuma loga par3ha rahe ho ) ; ahaM puchanto hi ( maiM pUcha rahA hU~) ; haM pIThamma uvavisaMto asthi ( maiM pIr3he para baiTha rahA hU~ ) ; amhe sovANaM ahaMtA saMti (hama sIr3hiyoM para car3ha rahe hai ) ; bhavantA devaM paNamantA saMti ( Apa loga devatA ko praNAma kara rahe haiM ) ; bAlaA khelaM kuNanto saMti ( bAlaka khela rahe haiM ) / For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #44
pATha 8 : bhUtakAla ke kriyArUpa evaM prayoga prAkRta meM bhUtakAla ke kriyArUpa bahuta sarala haiN| isameM sabhI prakAra ke atIta prayogoM ke lie eka hI prakAra ke kriyArUpoM kA prayoga hotA hai, jise sAmAnya bhUta kahate haiM / svarAnta dhAtuoM meM tInoM puruSa aura donoM vacanoM meM sI, hI aura hIa pratyaya jor3akara bhUtakAla ke kriyArUpa banate haiM; yathA pA (pInA) dhAtu ke rUpa sarva puruSa (pAsI (pA+sI) pAasI (pA+a+sI) sarva vacana pAhI (pA+hI) pAahI (pA+a+hI) pAhIa (pA+hIa) pAahIa (pA+a+hIa) ho (honA) jhA (dhyAna karanA) hosI, hohI, hohI jhAsI, jhAhI, jhAhI. isI prakAra sabhI svarAnta dhAtuoM ke rUpa bneNge| vyaMjanAnta dhAtuoM meM sarvatra Ia pratyaya jor3A jAtA hai; yathAekavacana bahuvacana pra.pu. hasI hasIa ma.pu. hasIa hasIa u.pu. hasI hasIa isI prakAra kara--karIa, paDha--paDhIa, vaMda--vaMdIa Adi dhAtuoM ke rUpa prayukta hoMge / bhUtakAla meM 'kara' dhAtu kA 'kA' rUpa bhI hotA hai| usake rUpa isa prakAra caleMge-kAsI, kAhI, kAhIa (kiyA) / as (honA) dhAtu ke tIna puruSoM aura ekavacana meM Asi evaM bahuvacana meM ahesi rUpa banate haiM / kahIM-kahIM sarvatra Asi rUpa kA hI prayoga hotA hai| prAkRta sIkheM : 43 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #45
vAkya-prayoga so duddhaM pAsI (usane dUdha piyA), pAcao bhoyaNaM gimmIa (rasoiye ne bhojana banAyA), tuma idaM kiM karIa ? (tumane yaha kyA kiyA ?), devadatto vArANasIe paDhIa (devadatta ne banArasa meM par3hA thA), te jaNA aNpaM jhAhIa (una logoM ne AtmA kA dhyAna kiyA), ahaM roTiaM khAdI (maiMne roTI khAyI), tumaM jiNavANI paDhIa (tumane jinavANI par3hI), goyamo mahAvIraM pucchIa (gautama ne mahAvIra se pUchA), sAhUNo devavaMdaNaM samAyarIa (sAdhuoM ne devatAoM kI vaMdanA kI), seNio nAma naravai hotthA (zreNika nAma kA rAjA thA), neheNa so dukkhaM pAvIa (usane sneha se duHkha pAyA), titthayarANaM usaho paThamo hotthA (tIrthaMkaroM meM RSabha prathama hue)| hindI meM anuvAda kIjiye bAlaA hasIa / te pANIyaM pAhIa / tumhe tattha tthaahiia| amhe saccaM bhAsIa / sA gIyaM gAhIa / tuma gAmaM gacchIa / so adhammaM kAhI / muNiNo jhAhI / mahAvIro viharIa / goyamo satthANi pddhiia| prAkRta meM anuvAda kIjiye __ maiMne pustaka pddh'ii| usane khelA / tumane gIta gAyA / hamane bhojana kiyaa| unhoMne satya bolA / mayUra nAce / megha brsaa| rAjA ne deva ko praNAma kiyaa| ArSa prAkRta meM bhUtakAla ke prayoga bhatakAla ke uparyakta prayogoM ke atirikta Agama granthoM kI prAkRta meM kucha anya aniyamita prayoga bhI dekhane ko milate haiN| (1) prAyaH prathama puruSa ke ekavacana meM sthA, itthA, ittha tathA bahuvacana meM iMsu, aMsu jaise pratyaya dhAtu ke sAtha jur3ate haiM; yathA-- ho+ tthA hotthA, ho + iMsu hoiMsu (hae); ne+itthAneitthA, ne+iMsu=neIsu (le gaye); hasa+ ittha hasittha, hasa+ iMsu=hasiMsu (ha~se); rI+itthA=rIitthA, rI+ iMsurIiMsu (vihAra kiyA); prAkRta sIkheM : 44 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #46
isI prakAra kI nimna kriyAe~ bhI haiM: bhuMjitthA, bhuMjiMsu (bhojana kiyA); viharitthA, viharisu (vihAra kiyA); sevitthA, seviMsu (sevana kiyA); gacchitthA, gacchisu (gaye); pucchitthA, pucchisu (pUchA) Adi / - (2) kucha aise prayoga bhI haiM jo saMskRta tathA pAli meM bhI lagabhaga usI prakAra haiM; yathA kara---akarissaM= maiMne kiyA (akArSam saM.); kara--ka-- akAsI=usane kiyA (akArSIt); bU-abavI---vaha bolA (abravIt); vaca-avoca=bolA (avocat); bU--Aha Ahu bolA (Aha); dekkha-adakkhU =dekhA (adrAkSu); ho--abhU, ahU huA (abhUta, abhuvan); vad--vadAsI, vayAsI bolA (vadA+sI ArSa pryog)| vAkya-prayoga goyamo samaNaM mahAvIraM evaM kyAsI (gautama ne zramaNa mahAvIra se aisA kahA), mahAvIro evaM abbavI (mahAvIra aisA bole), vaDDhamANo jiNo abhU (varddhamAna jina hue), jiNA evaM kahiMsu (jina aisA bole), rAyagihe nayare hotthA (rAjagRha nagara thA), sIse viNayeNaM Ayariye sevitthA (ziSya ne vinaya se AcArya kI sevA kI), hemaMte mahAbIre rIitthA (hemanta meM mahAvIra ne vihAra kiyA), gaNaharA suttANi raiMsu (gaNadharoM ne sUtra race), jiNesaro atthaM vAgaritthA (jinezvara ne artha kahA), te evaM ahiMsu (unhoMne aisA khaa)| .. . prAkRta sIkheM: 45 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #47
pATha 9 : bhaviSyakAla mn n prAkRta meM bhaviSyakAla ke lie prayukta hone vAle dhAturUpoM meM ekarUpatA nahIM hai / dhAtuoM ke sAtha prayukta hone vAle pratyayoM se pUrva 'hi' evaM 'ssa' vikaraNa prayukta hote haiM, ataH bhaviSyakAla kI dhAtuoM ke rUpa ubhaya prakAra se calate haiN| bhaNa (par3hanA, kahanA) dhAtu ke rUpa (1) 'hiM vikaraNa ekavacana bahuvacana bhaNihii bhaNihinti ma.pu. bhaNihisi bhaNihitthA, bhaNihiha bhaNihimi, bhaNihAmi bhaNihAmo-mu-ma (2) 'ssa' vikaraNa bhaNissai bhaNissaMti bhaNissasi bhaNissaha bhaNissAmi bhaNissAmo __ bhaviSyakAla meM pratyaya lagAne ke pUrva dhAtu se pUrva dhAtu ke a koi evaM e vikalpa se hotA hai / i hone para uparyukta rUpa baneMge aura e hone para isa prakAra (3) 'e' hone para bhaNihii, bhaNessai bhaNehiMti, bhaNessaMti bhaNehisi, bhaNessasi bhaNehitthA, bhaNessatha bhaNehimi, bhaNessAmi bhaNehAmo, bhaNehassAmo pra.pu. ma.pu. pra.pu. ma.pu. u.pu. prAkRta sIkheM : 46 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #48
(4) uttama puruSa ke pratyayoM ke Adeza (vikalpa) ekavacana : mi--ssaM--bhaNisaM, bhaNessaM bahuvacana : mo, mu, ma-hissA, hitthA--bhaNihissA, bhaNihitthA (5) svarAnta dhAtuoM ke 'mi' pratyaya ke rUpa kara kA ; kAhaM, kAssaM, kAssAmi, kAhAmi, kAhimi dA denA ; dAhaM, dAssaM, dAssAmi, dAhAmi, dAhimi pA pInA ; --, pAssaM, pAssAmi, pAhAmi, pAhimi (6) soccha (sunanA) Adi dhAtuoM meM 'mi' ke rUpa soccha (sunanA) ; socchaM, socchissaM, socchimi Adi moccha (chor3anA) ; mocchaM, mocchissaM, mocchimi Adi / _bhoccha (bhoganA), voccha (kahanA), daccha (dekhanA), gaccha (jAnA), veccha (jAnanA) Adi dhAtuoM ke rUpa isI prakAra bneNge| .. (7) ArSa prAkRta ke kucha aniyamita rUpa mokkhAmo (chor3eMge); hokkhAmi (hoU~gA); bhavissAmi (hoU~gA); karissai (karegA); bhavissai (hogA); carissai (calegA) Adi / vAkya-prayoga so jiNanAma kahahii (vaha jinanAma kahegA); te bAlaA paDhahinti (ve bAlaka par3heMge); tumaM maMdirammi patthaNaM karehisi (tuma maMdira meM prArthanA karoge); tumhe vatthaM koNAhitthA (tuma loga kapar3A kharIdoge); ahaM (vijjAlayaM gacchAmi (maiM vidyAlaya jAU~gA); amhe varANasiM gacchahissAmo (hama vArANasI jAe~ge); calaNammi tuma pivAsA laggahisi (calane para tumheM pyAsa lagegI); ahaM sIsANaM uvaesaM karissaM (maiM ziSyoM ko upadeza karU~gA); makkhiA mahaM lehissai (madhumakkhiyA~ madhu cATeMgI); kannAo gANaM kAhinti (kanyAe~ gAna kareMgI); taM kajja kAhisi to davvaM dAhaM (vaha kArya karoge to dravya dUMgA); jai so dujjaNo hohI tayA parassa niMdAe tUsehii (yadi vaha durjana hogA to paranindA se saMtuSTa hogA); amhe vANijjeNa dhaNiyo hossaha (hama loga vANijya se dhanI hoMge)); prAkRta sIkheM : 47 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #49
samosaraNe vaDDhamANo desaNaM kAhI (samavasaraNa meM varddhamAna dezanA kareMge); samaNA pANiNo pANena na haNissaMti (zramaNa prANiyoM ke prANa nahIM mAreMge; arthAt zramaNa hiMsA nahIM kareMge); jiNassa vayaNAI kaNehi socchaM (jina ke vacana kAnoM se sunUMgA); dANaM dAhaM, puNNaM kAhaM tato ya dukkhaM checchaM (dAna dUMgA, puNya karU~gA isa taraha duHkhoM kA chedana karUMgA); zIlabhUo muNI jage viharissai (zIlavAna muni jaga meM vihAra karegA); jaM bocchaM taM socchise (jo kahU~gA use tuma sunoge); sajjhAyasamo tavo Na atthi, Na hohI (svAdhyAya ke samAna tapa nahIM hai, na hogaa)| hindI meM anuvAda kIjiye rAmo gAmaM gcchhii| bAlaA potthayaM paTahinti / varasA uttamA hohii / tumaM ajja bolissasi / so gIyaM gaaissi| sappo Dasissai / dhammeNa NarA sivaM lahissanti / ahaM dhammai kAhAmi / vIro bhaDo juddhaM kaahii| rAyagihaM gacchaM, mahAvIraM vNdissN| te amhANaM kajjAo pasaNNA hohinti / prAkRta meM anuvAda kIjiye hama krodha nahIM kreNge| vaha guru se pddh'egaa| maiM satya boluuNgaa| ve pApa se ddreNge| tuma vidyAlaya meM pddh'oge| hama mahAvIra kA upadeza suneNge| tuma pratidina sAmAyika kroge| mayUra naaceNge| bAlaka hNseNge| Ama kA vRkSa phlegaa| pratyayoM ke sthAna para jja, jjA kA prayoga prAkRta meM anuvAda-kArya kI suvidhA kI dRSTi se dhAtuoM ke pratyayoM ke sthAna para 'jja' evaM 'jjA' kA bhI Adeza hotA hai| vartamAna, bhUta evaM bhaviSya kAloM meM evaM sabhI puruSoM aura vacanoM meM 'jja', 'jjA' Adeza bAle rUpa samAna hote haiM; yathA--ho>dhAtu=hojja, hojjA (hotA hai, huA, hogA Adi arthoM meM); hasa>dhAtu hasejja, hasejjA (ha~satA hai, ha~sA, ha~segA Adi) / prAkRta sIkheM : 48 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #50
'hasa' Adi vyaMjanAnta evaM 'ho' Adi svarAnta dhAtuoM meM jaba 'a' kA 'e' ho jAtA hai taba rUpa isa prakAra banate haiM--hoejja, hoejjA; pAejja, pAejjA; jIvejja, jIvejjA Adi / vAkya-prayoga so duddhaM pivejja (vaha dUdha pItA hai, piyegA, usane dUdha piyA); amhe jIvejja (hama loga jIte haiM); rAmo bujjhejjA (rAma samajhatA hai); tumhe naccejjA (tuma loga nAce); ahaM kajjaM karejjA (maiM kAma karU~gA); tuma gAmaM jAejja (tuma gA~va jAte ho)| prAkRta sIkheM : 49 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #51
pATha 10 : vidhi-AjJArtha evaM kriyAtipatti ___ amuka kriyA honI cAhiye yA nahIM, jaba aisA koI bhAva prakaTa karanA ho to bhASA meM vidhiliGa kA prayoga hotA hai| prAyaH AcAravyavahAra Adi ke saMbandha meM sIkha-sikhAvana ke uddezya se vidhi kA vyavahAra hotA hai| vastuta: vidhi kA kArya satkArya meM pravRtti aura asatkArya se nivRtti karanA hai| icchA-sUcana, yogyatA, AmaMtraNa, saMbhAvanA, prArthanA Adi kA bodha karAne ke lie vidhi evaM AjJArthaka kriyAoM kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| prAkRta meM vidhi aura AjJA ke dhAturUpa eka-jaise hote haiN| isake kucha udAharaNa-vAkya isa prakAra haiM icchAmi so bhujau (maiM cAhatA hU~ vaha bhojana kare); vayaM pAlau (vrata kA pAlana karo); patthaNA mama AgamaM paDhAmu (merI prArthanA hai ki maiM Agama paDhUM); bhavaM paMDio vayaM rakkhau (Apa paMDita haiM, vrata kI rakSA kareM); te jaNA appANaM jhAntu (ve loga AtmA kA dhyAna kreN)| pra.pu. ma.pu. 3 vidhi evaM AjJArthaka pratyaya ekavacana bahuvacana u(tu) hi, su ijjasu, ijjahi, ijje prAkRta sIkheM : 50 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #52
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra hasa + a + a = paTha + a + mo = www.kobatirth.org uparyukta sabhI pratyaya lagAne se pUrva dhAtu ke 'a' ko 'e' vikalpa se hotA hai; yathA pra. pu. ma.pu. u. pu. hasau, haseu paDhamo, paDhemo Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir prathama puruSa ke pratyaya 'mu, mo' lagAne se pUrva vikalpa se dhAtu ke a A, i hote haiM; yathA - bhaN + a + mu = bhaNamu > bhaNAmu > bhaNimu / isa taraha vidhi evaM AjJA meM dhAturUpa isa prakAra hoMge - hasa -- ha~sanA dhAtu ke rUpa ekavacana hasau, haseu sahi, hasasu, hase hi hasamu, hasemu, hasimu hasAmu bahuvacana hasaMtu, hasetu hasaha, haseha hasamo, hasAmo, hasimo, hamo madhyapuruSa meM ijjasu Adi pratyaya lagane para hasijja, hasijjahi, hasijje rUpa bneNge| sabhI puruSa evaM vacanoM meM hasseja aura hassejA rUpa hoMge / dhAtu-koza baMdha ( bA~dhanA ) ; cara ( AcaraNa karanA ) ; ujjama (udyama karanA ) ; payaTTa ( pravRtti karanA ) ; ANe ( le AnA ) ; rIya ( nikalanA ); vara ( svIkAra karanA ) ; ciTTha (ThaharanA ); jaya ( jInA ); virama ( virAma lenA ) ; seva (sevA karanA); pahAra ( saMkalpa karanA); ciNa (cunanA ) / vAkya-prayoga tumhe suhaM caeha paDhaNe ya ujjamaha (tuma sukha tyAgo aura par3hane kA udyama karo ) ; tumhe ettha ciTTheha amhe vIraM jiNaM accemo ( tuma loga yahA~ Thaharo, hama loga vIra jina kI arcanA kareM ); asattanarANaM saMsagaM mA karahi (jhUThe AdamI kA sAtha mata karo ) ; gurujaNANaM prAkRta sIkheM: 51 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #53
niMdA mA karahi (bar3oM kI nindA mata karo); viNammi paTTi baMdhahi (ghAva para paTTI bAMdho); uttamaThe gavesau (zreSTha artha ko khojo); asaMjamaM NavaraM na sevejjA (asaMyama kA sevana kabhI mata karo); goyama, samayaM mA pamAyau (he gautama, samaya hai, pramAda mata karo); jai sivaM iccheha tayA kAmehinto viramejja (yadi mokSa kI icchA karate ho to kAma-vAsanAoM se dUra raho); sadA appapasaMsaM pariharaha (Atma prazaMsA hamezA ke lie chor3o); ujjogaM mA muMcaha jai icchaha sikkhiuM nANaM (yadi jJAna sIkhanA cAhate ho to udyama mata chodd'o)| hindI meM anuvAda kIjiye __savajjaM vajjau munni| saccaM bollejjaa| dhamma smaayre| suttassa mAgeNa carejja bhikkh| jaiNaM sAsaNaM ciraM jyu| satthassa sAraM jaannijj| sajjaNehi sahidaM virohaM kayAvi na kujjaa| sayala satthAI pddhu| saMjamaM pAlau, tavaM kuNau / . prAkRta meM anuvAda kIjiye tuma zAstra pddh'o| vaha AtmA kA dhyAna kre| hama saMyama kA pAlana kreN| ve kabhI hiMsA na kreN| muni tapa kA AcaraNa kreN| tuma garIboM ko dAna do| hama loga sadA satya boleN| unako dharmazAstra pddh'aao| chAtra gurukula meM vidyA pddh'eN| ve bar3oM kA sammAna kreN| kriyAtipatti jaba do vAkyoM meM se prathama kathana meM kAraNa tathA dUsare meM usakA phala kahA gayA ho to vahA~ kriyAtipatti kA prayoga hotA hai| aise prayogoM meM eka kriyA dUsarI kriyA para nirbhara pratIta hotI hai; yathAjhANeNa paDhejjA, aNNathA aNUttINNo hojjA (dhyAna se par3ho nahIM to anuttIrNa ho jaaoge)| kriyAtipatti meM tInoM puruSoM ko donoM vacanoM se jja, jjA, nta aura mANa pratyaya dhAtuoM meM jor3e jAte haiN| pulliga, strIliMga evaM napuMsakaliMga ke rUpa meM alaga-alaga banate haiN| prAkRta sIkheM : 52 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #54
bhaNa--par3hanA dhAtu ke rUpa pulliga strIliMga napuMsakaliMga bhaNejja, bhaNejjA bhaNantI, bhaNamANI bhaNantaM, bhaNamANaM bhaNanto, bhaNamANo bhaNantAM, bhaNamANA bhaNantAI, bhaNamANAI mANa pratyaya vAle evaM bahuvacana ke prayoga prAkRta meM kama dekhane ko milate haiM ; nta aura jja pratyayoM kA hI adhika prayoga huA hai, hotA hai| vAkya-prayoga jai tassa guNA huMtA tA nUNaM jaNo vi taM salahato (yadi usameM guNa hote to loga avazya hI usakI prazaMsA karate); jai tumha taNayaM haM na harAvaMto tA me suyA maraMtI (yadi tumhAre putra kA maiM haraNa na karatA to merI putrI mArI jAtI); jai rAyamaggammi payAso hojjA, tA amhe khaDDammi Na paDejjA (yadi sar3aka para prakAza hotA to hama gar3ahe meM na girate); rAvaNo sIlaM rakkhaMto tayA rAmo taM rakkhaMto (rAvaNa yadi zIla kI rakSA karatA to rAma usakI rakSA karate); dIvo hoto tayA aMdhayAro nassaMto (dIpaka hotA to andhakAra naSTa ho jAtA); jai haM kamma Na kuNejjA tA loyassa viNAso hojjA (yadi maiM karma na karUM to loka-bhramaNa naSTa ho jAe); sajjhAyaM kuvvaMto Naro viNaeNa samAhio havadi (svAdhyAyarata manuSya vinaya se yukta ho jAtA hai); appaNo hiyaM icchaMto appANaM viNae Thavejja (AtmA kA kalyANa cAhate hue AtmA ko vinaya meM lgaao)| prAkRta sIkheM : 53 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #55
pATha : 11 kRdanta rUpa evaM unake prayoga prAkRta meM kaI prakAra ke kRdantoM kA prayoga hotA hai| vartamAna, bhUta, bhaviSya, hetvartha, vidhyartha Adi kRdantoM ke rUpa vibhinna pratyaya jor3akara banAye jAte haiM / kRdantoM ke prayoga se vAkya racanA meM saralatA hotI hai tathA kisI bhI bhAva yA kathana ko spaSTa rUpa meM vyakta kiyA jA sakatA hai / pulliMga hasanto, hasento hasamANo, hasemANo vartamAna kAlika kRdanta eka hI kAla meM karttA jaba eka sAtha do kriyAoM ko saMpanna karatA ho taba vartamAnakAlika kRdanta kA prayoga hotA hai| prathama dhAtu meM 'nta' aura 'mANa' jor3akara kriyA rUpa banAyA jAtA hai / ina pratyayoM ke jur3ane para dhAtu ke 'a' kA vikalpa se 'e' ho jAtA hai / strIliMga meM 'I' pratyaya jor3A jAtA hai / dhAtuoM ke rUpa isa prakAra banate haiM hsa dhAtu haMsatA huA / huI napuMsakaliMga hantaM hantaM hasamANaM, hasemANaM ho dhAtu hotA huA / huI hotaM, homANaM strIliMga hasantI, hasentI, hasa hasamANI, hasemANI, haseI hoto, homANI hontI, homANI, hoI bhAvavAcya, karmavAcya, preraNArthaka Adi ke pratyaya lagAne se vartamAna kRdanta ke anya rUpa banate haiM; yathA- bhaN + ijja +nta-bhaNijjataM = par3hA jAtA huA bhaN + Ia + mANa =bhaNIamANo gaMtho = par3hA jAtA huA grantha prAkRta sIkhe : 54 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #56
bhaN+ Ia+I =bhaNIaI gAhA=par3hI jAtI huI gaathaa| bhaN + Avi+ ijja =nta+bhaNAvijjanto muNI=par3hAyA jAtA huA muni, ityAdi / vAkya-prayoga parAyatto sasaMto na jIvai (paratantra vyakti sA~sa letA huA bhI jItA nahIM hai); kaNu sadA hasaMtI bollai (kanu sadA haMsatI huI bolatI hai); meho gajjato barasai (megha garjatA huA barasatA hai); haM pADhaM paDhanto savvaratti jaggIa (maiM par3hate hue sArI rAta jAgatA rahA); ajhIyamANo chatto suhaM pAvai (par3hanevAlA chAtra sukha pAtA hai); guruNA dhamma kuNamANANaM sAvagANaM uvaeso diNNo (guru ke dvArA dharma karate hae zrAvakoM ko upadeza diyA gyaa)| bhUtakAlika kRdanta prAkRta meM bhUtakAlika kRdantoM kA prayoga adhika pAyA jAtA hai| dhAtu meM 'a' (kta>a) pratyaya jor3ane se bhUtakAlika kRdanta rUpa banatA hai tathA dhAtu ke antya 'a' ko 'i' ho jAtA hai; yathA gam + i-+-a== gamio (jAkara, gayA huA) cala+i+a =calio (calakara, calA huA) kar+i+akario (karake) ho+i+a==hoia (hokara) ityAdi / preraNArthaka bhUtakAlika kRdantoM ke lie dhAtu meM Avi aura i pratyaya jor3akara phira 'a' pratyaya jor3ate haiM; yathA has + Avi + ahasAviaM (ha~sAkara) ; kara+i+akAri (karavAkara) a ko dIrgha / sambandhasUcaka bhUtakAlika kRdantoM meM tuM, a, tUNa, tuANa, ittA, ittANa, Aya, Ae inameM se koI bhI eka pratyaya lagAyA jAtA hai| dhAtu ke 'a' ko i athavA e Adeza hotA hai; yathA prAkRta sIkheM : 55 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #57
hasa+taM hasiuM, haseuM (haMsakara) bhaNa+tUNa=bhaNiUNa, bhaNeUNa (par3hakara) kara+ittA=karittA (karake) ityAdi / prAkRta meM kucha bhUtakAlika kRdanta aniyamita rUpa meM bhI prayukta hue haiM tathA kucha dhvani-parivartana ke AdhAra para ; yathA.: kAuM, kaTu, kAUNa (kar) karake ; ghettuM, ghettUNaM, ghettuANa (gaha) grahaNa kara; daThTha, daLUNa, daLuANaM (daris) dekhakara ; mottuM, mottUNaM (muMca) tyAgakara; kiccA, kiccANa (kRtvA) karake; naccA, naccANa (jJAtvA) jAnakara ; bujjhA (buddhvA) jAnakara; vaMditA (vaMditvA) vandanA karake; soccA, (zrutvA) sunakara ; Ahacca (AhattvA) AghAta karake; parinnAya (parijJAya) jAnakara; caittA (tyaktvA) chodd'kr| kaDaM (kRtam) kiyA huA; maDaM (mRtam) marA huA; akkhAyaM (AkhyAtam) kahA huA; ANattaM (AjJaptam ) AjJA kiyA huA; suyaM (smRtam) smaraNa kiyA huA; suyaM (zrutam) sunA huA ityaadi| vAkya-prayoga piyaMvadA jaNaNIe bhaNiyA (priyaMvadA ne mA~ se kahA); tIe rAyA tuTTho, dinno varo (rAjA usase prasanna huA (aura use) vara diyA); bAliAo vijjAlayatto gharaM gamidA (bAlikAe~ zAlA se ghara gayIM); amhehiM paccUse pahANaM kario (hama logoM ke dvArA prAta: snAna kiyA gayA); lachimaNeNa mehaNAdaM mario (lakSmaNa ke dvArA meghanAda mArA gayA); so nivassa gehe bhoyaNAya gao (vaha rAjA ke ghara bhojana ke lie gayA); assa sarUvaM mae pacakkhaM diTTa (isakA svarUpa maiMne pratyakSa dekhA hai); sajjaNo satthavayaNaM soccA sahai (sajjana vyakti zAstravacana ko socakara bolatA hai); maNUsA puNNaM kiccA devA huMti (manuSya puNya kara ke deva hote haiM); iMdo mahAvIraM vaMdittA thuNai (indra mahAvIra kI vandanA kara stuti karatA hai); jeNa imA puhavI hiDiUNa prAkRta sIkheM : 56 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #58
diTThA so naro viyakhaNo hoi (jisane isa pRthvI ko bhramaNa kara dekhA hai vaha manuSya vicakSaNa hai); kAlasappeNa khAijjantI kAyA keNa dharijjai (kAlasarpa dvArA khAyI jAtI huI kAyA kisake dvArA rakSita hogI); ego jAyai jIvo, ego mariUNa taha uvajjei (jIva akelA janmatA hai, akelA mara kara vaisA hI utpanna hotA hai); rAmo majjhaM kajjaM kAUNa gAma gacchIa (rAma merA kAma karake gA~va gayA hai); purAyaNa pAThaM sumiriUNa aggapADho paDhasu (purAnA pATha yAda karake Age kA pATha par3ho); ahaM bhavantaM pAsiUNa pasanno asthi (maiM Apako dekhakara prasanna hU~); te tatthagaMtUNa bhayavaMtaM vaMdiUNa niyaesu ThANesu sanniviTThA (ve vahA~ jAkara bhagavAna kI vandanAkara apane-apane sthAna para baiTha gaye); tayA mahAvIreNa evaM kahiaM (taba mahAvIra ne aisA khaa)| bhaviSyakAlika kRdanta nikaTavartI bhaviSya meM hone vAlI kriyA ko sUcita karane ke lie bhaviSyakAlika kRdantoM kA prayoga hotA hai / issaMta, issamANa evaM issaI pratyaya jor3akara ye kRdanta banAye jAte haiM tathA preraNArthaka bhaviSya kRdanta meM 'Avi' pratyaya ke bAda anya pratyaya jor3e jAte haiM; yathA karissaMto, karissamANo (karatA hogA) karissaI, karissaMtI, karissamANI (karatI hogI) karAvissaMto, karAvissamANo (karavAtA hogaa)| vidhi kRdanta aucitya, AvazyakatA, sAmarthya, yogyatA Adi bhAva pragaTa karane ke lie vidhi kRdanta kA prayoga hotA hai| isameM kartA meM tRtIyA evaM karma meM prathamA vibhakti hotI hai| dhAtu meM avva, aNijja, aNIa pratyaya jor3e jAte haiM; yathA hasiavvaM, hasaNijja, hasaNIaM (haMsane yogya, ha~sanA cAhiye) ..kariavvaM, karaNijja, karaNIaM (karane yogya, karanA caahiye)| , preraka vidhi kRdanta meM 'Avi' pratyaya pUrva meM jor3A jAtA hai; prathA prAkRta sIkheM : 57 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #59
hasAviavvaM, hasAvaNijjaM, hasAvaNIyaM ( ha~sAne yogya, ha~sAnA cAhie ) 1 aniyamita vidhyartha kRdanta ke kucha rUpa kajjaM karane yogya kAavvaM = karttavya karane yogya bhottavvaM = bhogane yogya gujjhaM == chupAne yogya gejjhaM grahaNa karane yogya bhavvaM = hone yogya daTThabvaM = dekhane yogya avajjaM nahIM bolane yogya hetvartha kRdanta abhISTa kArya ke lie karttA jaba do kriyAe~ eka sAtha karatA hai taba hetvartha kRdanta kI kriyA prayukta hotI hai| mUla dhAtu meM uM (tuM ), tae pratyaya lagAne se hetvartha kRdanta ke rUpa banate haiN| dhAtu ke 'a' ko vikalpa se 'i' athavA 'e' ho jAtA hai; yathA hasa + uM hasiuM, haseuM ( ha~sane ke lie ) kara + ttara = karitae, karettae ( karane ke lie) preraka hetvartha kRdanta meM 'Avi' pratyaya aura jur3a jAtA hai; yathAbhaNAviraM ( par3hAne ke lie) / bhaN + Avi + uM kartta sUcaka kRdanta 8 lagAne se kriyA vizeSa ke karttA kA bodha dhAtu meM 'ira' pratyaya karAyA jAtA hai; jaise bham + i = bhamiro ( bhramaNa karane vAlA, bhramaNazIla ) has + i = hasiro (ha~sanevAlA, hasanazIla ) hasirA, hasirI ( ha~sanevAlI ) / kucha aniyamita karta sUcaka kRdanta - pAyao = pakAnevAlA, rasoiyA bhettA - bhedana karanevAlA haMtA = mAranevAlA, ityAdi / vAkya-prayoga cakamAya yoyasto haM piA AhUo ( ghUmane jAne vAle mujhako pitA ne bulAyA ) ; marissaMto piA pute Ahujja uvAa ( pitA marane prAkRta sIkheM: 58 vijjaM = vidvAn lehao - lekhaka For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #60
lagA to usane putroM ko bulAkara kahA ) ; vIyarAyehiM jaNehi jasakAmanA Na kuNeavvA ( vItarAgoM ko yaza kI kAmanA nahIM karanA cAhiye ) ; pAiyabhAsA avassaM paDhiavvA ( prAkRta bhASA avazya par3hanA cAhiye ) ; paccU se bhagavantANaM patthaNA karaNIA ( prAtaH kAla bhagavAn kI prArthanA karanA cAhiye); teNa idaM potthayaM avassaM paDhAvitavvaM ( usase yaha pustaka avazya par3havAnA cAhiye ) ; akaraNijjaM na kAyavvaM karaNIyaM ca kajjaM na mottavvaM ( akaraNIya kArya na karane cAhiye aura karane yogya kArya chor3anA na cAhiye ) ; savvejIvA jIviuM icchanti na marittae tao jIvA na haMtavvA (sabhI jIva jInA cAhate haiM, maranA nahIM; ataH jIvoM ko nahIM mAranA cAhiye); kahau, jaM ahuNA bhavanto ki paDhiuM icchai ( kahiye, aba Apa kyA par3hanA cAhate haiM ) ; te maMgalakAle roviuMNa uciyaM (maMgala ke samaya meM tumhArA ronA ThIka nahIM hai); appANaM pAyAsiuM ayaM avasaro ( apane ko prakaTa karane kA yahI avasara hai ) / hindI meM anuvAda kIjiye paccUse jiNaM accaNijjaM / bAlao paidiNaM paDhiavvaM / rattIe ciraM na jAgariavvaM / succha jalaM pijjeavvaM / appANa hetavvo / pANivaho mottavvo / ahiyagAmiNi bhAsaM na bhAsejjA | so evaM citaUNa kUDavesaM kAU rayaNI tattheva Thio / avasaraM lahiUNa taM amayakUvayaM giNhiUNa hatthiNAure Agao / teNa citiyaM-- ki kuNeavvaM mae / bhAvavAcya evaM karmavAcya prAkRta meM kisI bhI dhAtu ko bhAvapradhAna athavA karmapradhAna banAne ke lie 'a', 'I' aura 'ijja' pratyayoM meM se koI eka pratyaya lagAyA jAtA hai; phira puruSavAcaka evaM kAlavAcaka pratyaya lagAye jAte haiM; yathA kaha + Ia== kahIa + i = kahI ai - kahA jAtA hai / = dA + ijja - dA ijja + i = dAijjai - diyA jAtA hai / hasa + I = hasIa + i = hasIai-ha~sA jAtA hai / For Private and Personal Use Only prAkRta sIkheM: 59

Page #61
isI prakAra bhUta, vidhi, AjJA Adi ke pratyaya jor3akara bhAva evaM karmavAcaka dhAturUpa banAye jAte haiM / kucha aniyamita dhAtuoM kA prayoga bhI prAkRta meM prApta hotA hai; yathA bhAvavAcya Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir dIsai ( dI sijjai ) - dekhA jAtA hai / = buccai ( vuccijjai ) == kahA jAtA hai| bhaNNate ( bhaNNAvii) = kahalAyA jAtA hai / Najjate (NajjA vii) = jAnA jAtA hai / sunvate ( suvvA vii) = sunA jAtA hai, ityAdi / vAkya-prayoga prAkRta sIkheM: 60 tue hasijjai ( tumhAre dvArA ha~sA jAtA hai); bAleNa rattIe jaggijjai ( bAlaka dvArA rAta meM jagA jAtA hai ) / karmavAcya teNa bhaNijjai gaMtho ( usake dvArA grantha par3he jAte haiM ) ; kuMbhAreNa ghaDo kuNIai ( kumhAra ke dvArA ghar3A banAyA jAtA hai); rAmeNa appANI jhAijjaI (rAma ke dvArA AtmA kA dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai ) / For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #62
pATha 12 : saMdhi, samAsa evaM anya prayoga prAkRta meM saMdhi aura samAsa kI vyavasthA prAyaH vaikalpika hai, nitya nahIM / bolacAla kI bhASA hone se samAsa-zailI ke prayoga kI pravRtti kama hai; kintu sAhitya meM jisa prAkRta kA prayoga huA hai usameM saMdhi, samAsa, taddhita, vizeSaNa Adi aneka prakAra ke padoM aura zabdoM kA prayoga huA hai / ina prayogoM kI jAnakArI yahA~ saMkSepa meM prastuta hai / saMdhi- prakaraNa do zabdoM ke svara athavA vyaMjanoM kA eka sAtha mila jAnA athavA eka dUsare meM lIna ho jAnA saMdhi kahalAtA hai| hemacandrAcArya ne prAkRta meM saMdhi-niyamoM kA vidhAna kiyA hai / svarasaMdhi, vyaMjana saMdhi, prakRtibhAva, avyayasaMdhi Adi prakAra se prAkRta meM saMdhi - karma hotA hai / svara sandhi A - jIva + ajIva jIvAjIva; visama + Ayava = 1 I - muNi + Isara muNIsara; ramaNI + Isa - rayaNIsa; a - gaa + iMdo - gaiMdo; = u -- rayaNa + ujjalaM - rayaNujjalaM; U-- bahu + upamA = - bahUpamA ; o - gUDha + uaraM = guDhoaraM / prakRtibhAva prAkRta zabdoM ke svaroM meM kahIM-kahIM saMdhi na hokara yathAsthiti raha jAtI hai; jaise jai + evaM = jaievaM ; aho + acchariaM = ahoacchariaM ; =visamAyava; For Private and Personal Use Only prAkRta sIkheM: 61

Page #63
rayaNI+ara=rayaNIara; ege+aayaa=egeaayaa| avyaya svarasandhi a kA lopa-- keNa+api =keNa vi; maraNaM + api =maraNaM vi; ikA lopa--- natthi+ iti=natthi ti; kiM + iti=kiM ti; cando+iva = cando vv| vyaMjana sandhi anusvAra-jalam -:: jalaM, girim =giri| vikalpa---usabham - ajiam =usabhaM ajiaM; usabhamajiaM (RSabhamajitam) antima vyaMjana kA anusvAra-yat--jaM, tat=taM, samyak --samma, sAkSAt == sakkhaM / anusvAra kA Agama-vakram == vakaM, upri=uvri| anusvAra kA lopa---viMzatiH ==bIsA, siMdho-sIho, vaM---evaM kthN=kh| antya vyaMjana kA mela-kim + ihaM= kimihaM, yad + asti =ydtthi| prAkRta meM saMdhi kA vicAra sadaiva prasaMga tathA zabda ke artha ko dhyAna meM rakha kara karanA cAhiye kyoMki yaha vaikalpika vyavasthA hai| samAsa thor3e zabdoM meM adhika artha batAne vAlI prakriyA ko samAsa kahate haiN| samAsa ke prayoga se vAkya-racanA meM saundarya A jAtA hai| prAkRta meM sarala samAsoM kA hI prayoga huA hai| prAkRta-vyAkaraNakAroM ne isake lie niyama nahIM banAye haiM; ataH prayoga ke anusAra prAkRta ke samAsoM ko samajhA jA sakatA hai| samAsa ke nimna chaha bheda haiM prAkRta sIkheM : 62 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #64
avyayIbhAva jisameM pUrvapada ke artha kI pradhAnatA ho tathA avyayoM ke sAtha jisakA prayoga ho vaha avyayIbhAva samAsa hai; yathA--guruNI samIvaM uvaguru ( guru ke pAsa ) ; jiNassa pacchA = aNujiNaM ( jina ke pIche ) ; diNadiNaM pai = paidiNaM ( pratidina ) / tatpuruSa = jisameM uttarapada ke artha kI pradhAnatA hotI hai tathA pUrvapada se dvitIyA vibhakti se lekara saptamI vibhakti taka kA lopa hotA hai use tatpuruSa samAsa kahate haiM / yathA -suhaMpattoH - suhapatto ( sukha ko prApta), guNehiM saMpaNNo = guNasaMpaNNo ( guNa se yukta ), bahujaNassa hito: bahujaNahito ( saba janoM ke lie hita ), saMsarAo bhIo = saMsAra bhIo (saMsAra se bhayabhIta ), devassa maMdiraM - devamaMdiraM ( deva kA maMdira ), kalAsu kusalo - kalAkusalo ( kalAoM meM kuzala ) / = karmadhAraya = - vizeSaNa aura vizeSya ke samAsa karmadhAraya kahalAte haiM; yathAmahanto a so vIro mahAvIro, caMdo vva muhaM caMdamuhaM, saMjamo eva dhaNaM saMjamadhaNaM; ityAdi / dvigu samAsa prathama pada yadi saMkhyA sUcaka ho to use dvigu samAsa kahate haiM; yathA - tiNhaM logANaM samUho - tilogaM ( tIna loka ), cauNhaM kasAyANaM samUho : : caukkasAya ( cAra kaSAya), navaNhaM tattANaM samAhAro= navatattaM (nau tattva ) / dvandva samAsa do yA do se adhika saMjJAe~ jaba eka sAtha jor3e ke rUpa meM 'prayukta hoM to use dvandva samAsa kahate haiM; yathA- puNNaM ya pAvaM ya= puSNapAvAI, suhaM ya dukkhaM ya= suhadukkhAI, nANaM ya daMsaNaM ya caritaM yanANadaMsaNacaritaM / For Private and Personal Use Only prAkRta sIkheM: 63

Page #65
bahubrIhi jaba do yA do se adhika zabda milakara kisI anya kA vizeSaNa banate hoM to usa samAsa ko bahubrIhi kahate haiM; yathA-jio kAmo jeNa so=jiakAmo (kAma kA jItane vAlA), na atthi bhayaM jassa so=abhayo (niDara), pIaM aMbaraM jassa so-pIaMbaro (pIle vastra vAlA), puNNeNa saha-sapuNNo (puNyasahita), jiA parIsahA jeNa so=jiaparIsaho (parISaha jItane vaalaa)| taddhita prayoga prAkRta meM kucha aise zabdoM kA bhI prayoga hotA hai, jo taddhita ke pratyayoM dvArA nirmita hote haiM / taddhita ke kucha zabda isa prakAra haiM : kera-amhakeraM hamArA, tumhakeraM tumhArA, prkerNpraayaa| illa--gAmillaM grAmINa, purillaM =nAgarika / ulla--appullaM=AtmA meM utpanna, tarullaM=vRkSa ke nIce utpanna huaa| a--siva+a (sevo)=ziva kA putra zaMva, dasaraha +a (dAsaraho)=dazaratha kA putra / taNa--maNaa+ttaNa>maNuattaNaM = manuSyatA, pINa+ttaNa> pINattaNa sthUlatA, bAla+ttaNa. baalttnn=bcpn| huttaM-eyahuttaM =eka bAra, duhuttaM do bAra, sayahuttaM=sau baar| Ala-rasAlo= rasavAlA, jttaalo=jttaavaalaa| Alu-dayA+-Alu>dayAlu =dayAvAlA, lajjA + Alu> lajjAlu ljjaavaalaa| illa--chAillo chAyAvAlA, ghAmillo ghaamvaalaa| maMta-haNumaMto-hanumAna, sirImato=dhanavAna, bhaktivaMto= bhaktivAlA, ityaadi| prAkRta sIkheM : 64 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #66
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra aIva aNantara Isi kao asaI iha kahaM jattha jAva tae cia, cea duo sai --atIva --pazcAt -thor3A i tArisa jettiaM - kahA~ se, - aneka bAra -yahA~ - kaise -- jahA~ --jaba taka -taba -- aura bhI -do prakAra -- eka bAra --koI - usake samAna - jitanA kettiaM - kitanA www.kobatirth.org avyaya aNNA ahA ettha kaha dANi eyAvayA jai Navara tahA jao puhaM nauNA saNiyaM jArisa Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir -anyathA -- jisa prakAra --yahA~ kahA~ - isa samaya - itanA kaba --jo - parantu, kevala --usa taraha --kyoMki For Private and Personal Use Only --alaga -- - phira se nahIM --dhIre-dhIre -- jisake samAna --utanA -- itanA | tettiaM ettiaM vizeSaNa prAkRta vAkyoM meM kaI prakAra ke vizeSaNoM kA prayoga hotA hai| vizeSaNa ke liMga, vacana aura vibhakti prAyaH vizeSya ke anusAra hote haiM / = kucha guNavAcaka vizeSaNa hote haiM; yathA-1 - kisaNI - kAlA, pIto = pIlA, ratto = lAla, uttamo = zreSTha, niuNo = nipuNa; Adi / kucha sArvanAmika vizeSaNa hote haiM; yathA -- yaha, vaha, ve ye, ina, una Adi / pu., strI, napuM. meM inake bhinna rUpa hote haiM (inheM hama sarvanAma ke pATha meM par3ha cuke haiM) / prAkRta sIkheM: 65

Page #67
napuM. saMkhyAvAcI vizeSaNa kaI prakAra ke hote haiN| eka saMkhyA zabda tInoM liMgoM meM bhinna rUpa vAlA hai; yathAekavacana bahuvacana ego, eo ege, ekke strI. egA, eA egAo, ekkAo egaM, eaM egANi, eANi zeSa sabhI saMkhyAvAcI zabda tInoM liMgoM meM samAna hote haiM aura unake bahuvacana meM hI rUpa banate haiN| doNNi, viNi =do; tiNi tIna; cattAro, cauro=cAra; paMca=pA~ca; cha=cha; matta-=sAta; aTTha-ATha; Nava=nI; daha, dasa ds| egAraha, vAraha, teraha, uddaha, paNNaraha, solaha, sattaraha, aTThAraha, egUNavIsA, vIsA Adi saMkhyAe~ prAkRta meM prayukta hotI haiN| kramavAcaka saMkhyAoM ke rUpa isa prakAra haiMpaDhamaM pahalA vIo,duiyo --dUsarA, taio,tacco --tIsarA, cauttho -cauthA, paMcamo --pA~cavA~ saTTho -chaThA, sattayo --sAtavA~ aTTayo -AThavAM, navamo ---nauvA~ dahamo,dasamo -dasavA~, ityAdi / tulanAtmaka vizeSaNa isa prakAra haiMpia (priya) piaara (priyatara) piaama (priyatama) (sabase priya) kaNIasa kaNiThaM (sabase choTA) garu garIasa (sabase bar3A) dhaNI dhaNiara dhaNiama (sabase dhanI) vAkya-prayoga uttamo bAlao paDhai (acchA lar3akA par3hatA hai), ratto kukkuro dhAvai (lAla kuttA daur3atA hai), imA bAlA gihaM gacchai (yaha lar3akI ghara appa gariTTa prAkRta sIkheM : 66 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #68
jAtI hai), eaM phalaM mahuraM atthi (yaha phala mIThA hai), ego bAlao bhaNai (eka bAlaka kahatA hai), egA bAliA gacchai (eka lar3akI jAtI hai), tiNi mittANi nivasatti (tIna mitra rahate haiM), tumaM mamatto kaNIaso atthi (tuma mujha se choTe ho), saIsu sIyA seTThA atthi (satiyoM meM sItA zreSTha hai), puNNassa maggo seyaso hoI (puNya kA mArga kalyANa kA hotA hai), kacchAe tassa duiyaM thANaM atthi (kakSA meM usakA dUsarA sthAna hai), ima kaNNA sattArAhaNhaM varisANaM atthi (yaha satraha varSa kI kanyA hai), girIsu himAlayo uccaamo atthi (parvatoM meM himAlaya sabase U~cA hai), vatthusahAvo dhammo (vastu-svabhAva dharma hai), lobhA-iTThojIvo saba jageNa vina tippedi (lobha se AkRSTa jIva sAre jaga se bhI saMtuSTa nahIM hotA), gAmillo cauro atthi (grAmINa catura haiM), gavviro uNNatiM Na lahai (ghamaMDI unnati nahIM kara sakatA hai), ettiaM ahiyaM saMcayaM varaM Natthi (itanA adhika saMcaya acchA nahIM hai) / hindI meM anuvAda kIjiye hatthiNAure nayare sUranAmA rAyayutto guNa-rayaNasaMjutto vasai / tassa bhAriyA gaMgAbhihANA / sIlAlaMkiyA sumainAmA tesiM dhUyA / sA kammapariNAmavasao jaNaa-jaNaNI-bhAyA-mAulehiM puDho-puDho (alagaalaga) vraannNdinnaa| cauro vi te varA egammi ceva diNNe pariNeuM aagyaa| parasparaM kalahaM kuNaMti / tao tesi visame saMgAme jAyamANe bahujaNakkhayaM daTTha Na aggimmi paviTA suma iknnaa| nIe samaM niviDamoheNa ego varo vi pvittttho| ego atyANi gaMgappavAhe khiviu go| ego ciArakkhaM tattheva jalapUre khiviUNa tadukkheNa mohagahio mahIyale hiMDai / cauttho tattheva Thio tANaM rakkhaMto pairiNaM egamannapiMDaM muanto kAlaM gmi| prAkRta meM anuvAda kIjiye - karmoM ke nimitta se cAroM dulahe phira eka sAtha mila gye| usa kanyA ke sAtha vivAha karane ke vivAda ko lekara ve rAja darabAra gye| cAroM ne prAkRta sIkheM : 67 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #69
rAjA se apanI-apanI bAta khii| rAjA ne maMtriyoM se kahA- 'inake vivAda ko samApta kara kisI eka ko vara pramANita kIjiye' / maMtriyoM ne sabhI upAya soce / taba eka maMtrI ne kahA- 'yadi Apa mAneM to maiM vivAda kA hala karU~' / unhoMne anumati dI / prAkRta sIkheM: 68 prAkRta ke ina pAThoM ko niyamita sIkhane vAle pAThaka prAkRta kA prArambhika jJAna prApta kara cuke hoNge| unheM cAhiye ki ve Agama granthoM va prAkRta sAhitya ke anya granthoM kA paThana-pAThana kramaza: karate raheM / koI bhI bhASA usa sAhitya ke nirantara adhyayana karate rahane se hI bhIkhI jA sakatI hai / For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #70
pariziSTa 1 : prAkRta varNamAlA svara : hrasva - a, i, e; dIrgha-A, I, U, e, o; anusvAravyaMjana : ka varga - ka, kha, ga, gha, Ga (kaNThya ) ca varga - c ch j jh a (tAlavya) Ta varga - Th D Dh Na (mUddhanya) ta varga - t th d dh n (vantya ) pa varga - p ph b bh m . (oSThya ) ardhasvara : y (tAlavya), ra (mUrddhanya), la (dantya), va (daMtauSThya) USmAkSara : s (daMtya), ha (kaNThya) prAkRta meM sAmAnyataH hone vAle svara-parivartana 1. bhAratIya Arya bhASA ke prAya: sabhI svara anya svaroM meM parivartita hote haiM; yathA-a>A, i, I, u, e, o (prakaTam>pAaDaM, mRdaMga> muiMgo, hr:>hiiro)| 2. R, R, la, ai aura au kA sarvathA lopa / 3. R ke sthAna para a, i, u, e, aura o Ate haiM; yathA-tRNam >taNaM, kRSi>isI / 4. ai aura au ke sthAna para e aura o prayukta haiM, yathA-nIcas>nIcaaM, paur:>puro| 5. hrasva svara prAya: surakSita haiN| 6. visarga kA prayoga nahIM huA hai, kintu yadi a ke bAda vaha AyA hai to a sahita usakA o ho gayA hai; yathA-sarvataH>savvao; purata:> purao; yt:>jo| 7. svara-rahita ekAkI vyaMjana prayukta nahIM haiN| yathA-rAjan >rAya; sarit>sariyA; tms>tmo| __ asaMyukta yA sarala vyaMjanoM meM sAmAnyataH hone vAle parivartana 1. AraMbha ke z, e, s meM parivartita haiM; ythaa-shktt:>sgddo| 2. arddhasvara ya kA ja huA hai; yathA-yuvarAja>juvarAja / ......... prAkRta sIkheM 69 For Private and Personal Use Only

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3. zabda ke madhya meM Aye asaMyukta k, g, c, j, t, d, p, ya, v prAyaH lupta haiM tathA zeSa a athavA A kA ya athavA yA ho gayA hai; yathAbAlaka:>bAlao, nagaram >nayaraM, AcAra>AyAra; pUjA> pUyA; mAtA>mAyA; kadalI>kayalI; ripu>riu / 4. zabda-madhya ke asaMyukta ru, c, th, dh, ph, ma kA prAyaH ha huA hai yathA-mukha>muha; laghu>lahu; zapatha>sapaha; madhukara>mahuyara; muktAphala > muttAhala / . . 5. zabda-madhya asaMyukta na kA Na huA hai; yathA-nayana >nayaNa / 6. anusvAra kA samIpastha vyaMjana aparivartita hai; yathA-saMgha>saMgha; zaMkara>saMkara; prasaMga>pasaMga / 7. padAnta vyaMjana lupta haiM tathA antima m kA anusvAra huA hai; yathA pazcAt >pacchA; tasmAt>tamhA / pariziSTa 2 : prAkRta vyaMjanoM meM sAmAnyataH hone vAle parivartana kta-kka : mukta-mukka Dga-gga : khaDga-khagga kya-kka : vAkya-vakka dga-gga : mudga-mugga (mUMga) kra-kka : cakra-cakka ga-raga : varga-vagga kla-kka : viklava-vikkava lga-gga : valga-vagga (bhayabhIta, udvigna) ghna-gdha : vighna-vigdha kva-kka : pakva-pakka .... ghra-ggha . vyAghra-vagdha tka-kka : utkaNThA-ukkaMThA / dgha-ggha : udghATita-ugghA Dia rka-kka : arka-akka (sUrya) gha-ggha : argha-aggha (malya) lka-kka : ulkA-ukkA cya-cca : acyuta-accua kha-kkhaH : du:kha-dukkha tya-cca : satya-sacca kSa-kkha . lakSaNa--lakkhaNa tva-cca : jJAtvA-NaccA (jAnakara) khyA-kkha : vyAkhyAna-vakkhANa thya-cca : tathya-tacca kSya-kkha : lakSya-lakkha .. ca-cca : arcanA-accaNA kSa-kkha: utkSipta-ukkhitva kSa-ccha : dakSa-daccha tkha-kkha : utkhAta-ukkhAya kSma-ccha : lakSmI-lacchI 70 : prAkRta sIkheM For Private and Personal Use Only

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ka-kkha : niSkramaNa-nikkhamaNa thya-ccha : mithyA-micchA... ska-kkha : praskandana-pakkhaMdaNa psa-ccha : lipsA-licchA... skha-kkha : praskhalita-pakkhalita I-ccha : mULa-mucchA gna-gga : nagna-nagga zca-ccha : pazcAt-pacchA gma-gga : yugma-jugga sta-ccha : vistIrNa-vicchinna gya-gga : yogya-jogga jya-jja : Ajya-ajja (ghI) gra-gga : agra-agga : ijyA--ijjA (dAna) jra-jja : vana-vajja nya-Na : anya-agNa jva-jja : prajvalana-pajjalaNa nva-Na : anvartha-aNNattha jJa-jja : sarvajJa-savvajja mna-Na : pradyumna-pajjuNNa dya-jja : adya-ajja Na-Na : varNa-vaNNa . bja-jja : abja-ajja (kamala) kSNa-ha : tIkSNa-tiNha yya-jja : zayyA-sajjA zna-ha: prazna-paNha rya-jja : AryA-ajjA SNa-ha : uSNa-uNha. rja-jja . varjana-vajjaNa sna-ha : snAti-praNAi yaM-jja . vayaM-vajja haNa-ha : pUrvAha Na-puvaNha dhya-jjha : madhya-majjha ha.na-ha : madhyAha na-majjhaNha dhva-jjha : buddhvA-bujjhA kta-tta : bhukta-bhutta . ha ya-jjha : bAhya-bajjha tna-tta : yatna-jatta tta-TTa : pattana-paTTaNa (nagara tma-ta : AtmA-attA ta-TTa : nartakI-naTTaI tra-tta : pAtra-patta STa-TTha : kaSTa-kaTTa tva-tta : satva-satta STha-TTha : niSThura-niThura pta-tta : prApta-patta rtha-8 : artha-aTTha ta-tta : vArtA-battA ta-DDA : gartA-gaDDA ktha-stha : siktha-sittha (moma) rda-DDa : vicchada-vicchaDDa tra-ttha : yatra-jattha ch-ccha : kRcch-kiccha (kaSTakara) rtha-stha : artha-attha tsa-ccha : vatsa-vaccha sta-stha : hasta-hattha tsya-ccha : matsya-maccha stha-ttha : prastha-pattha (dRr3ha, yAtrA Dhya-DDha : ADhya-aDDha (vipula) ke lie jAne vAlA) ddha-DDha : ADhya-aDDa (vipula) ddha-DDha : Rddhi-riDDhi dva-dda : pradveSa-paddesa rdha-DDha : vardhamAna-vaDDhamANa bda-dda : abda-adda (varSa) his his lo prAkRta sIkheM : 71 For Private and Personal Use Only

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jJa-Na : prAjJa-paNa (vijJAna) da-ha. mana-mahaNa Nya-Na : puNya-puNNa gdha-da : dagdha-daddha Nva-Na : kaNva-kaNNa dma-ma : padama-pomma (kamala) dhva-ddha : adhvan-addha (mArga) kSma-mha : pakSman-pamha (baronI, bdha-ddha : abdhi -addhi (samudra) - mahIna Dora) kma-ppa : rukmiNI-ruppiNISma-mha : grISma-gimha tpa-ppa : utpala-uppala (kamala) sma-mha . vismaya-vimhaya tma-ppa . : Atman--appa hama-mha . brAmhaNa bamhaNa pya-ppa : prApya-pappa ha ya-yaha : guha ya-guvha pra-ppa : vapra-vappa (TIlA,kheta) rya-lla : paryasta-pallattha pla-ppa : viplava--vippava la-lla : nirlajja-nillajja pa-ppa : apaMNa-appaNa lya-rula : kalyANa-kallANa lpa-ppa : alpa-appa lva-lla : palvala-pallala (choTA tpha-ppha : utphulla-upphulla tAlAba) Spa-ppha : puSpa-puppha hala-lha : prahalAda-palhAa pha-ppha : niSphala-nipphala dva-vva : udvarttana-uvvaTTaNa (karaspa-ppha : praspandana-paphphaMdaNa vaTa, samRddhi ) spha-Tapha : prasphoTita-papphoDiarva-vva : urvI-ubvI (pRthvI) ba-bba : udbaddha-ubbaddha vya-vva : kAvya-kavva ba-bba : nirbala-nibbala va-vva : pravrajyA-pavvajjA : arbuda-abbua (gumar3A) (saMnyAsa, bhramaNa) bra-bba : abrahma-abbaMbha / rSa-ssa : IrSA-issA gbh-bbha : prAgbhAra-pabbhAra zma-ssa : razmi-rassi (kiraNa) dbha-bha : sadbhAva-sabbhAva zya-ssa : lezyA-lessA bhya-bha : abhyAsa-abbhAsa zra-ssa : Izvara-issara bhra-bha abhra-abbha (bAdala) Sya-ssa : zuSya ti-mussai bha-bha : garbha-gabbha pva-ssa iSvAsa-issAsa haba-bbha : jiha vA-jibbhA sya-ssa . kasya-kassa nma-ma : janman-jamma stra-sma : sahasra-sahassa ma-mma : karman-kamma sva-ssa : tejasvin-teassi . lma-mma : gulma-gumma (jhuramuTa) 71 sAta saukheM For Private and Personal Use Only

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DA. premasumana jaina prAkRta sIkheM Serving Jin Shasan 068515 gyanmandir@kobatirth.org hIrA bhaiyA prakAzana For Private and Personal Use Only