Pathik 1998 Vol 38 Ank 05

Author(s): Nagjibhai K Bhatti and Other
Publisher: Mansingji Barad Smarak Trust
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/535449/1

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pAka (itihAsa-purAtattvanuM eka mAtra gujarAtI mAsika) Adya taMtrI sva. mAnasaMgajI bAraDa taMtrI maMDaLa DaoN. nAmajIbhAI bhaTTI, DaoN, bhAratIbahena zelata, pro. subhASa brahmabhaTTa varSa : 38 muM, aMka : 5 : vi.saM. 2054 : mAgha sana 1998 : phebruArI zivamaMdira-kerA (ji. kaccha) 10mI sadI For Private and Personal Use Only

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www.kobau. Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir With Best Compliments from CHITRA ELEVATORS Mahipal Patel Tushar Patel Phone 741 35 31 743 36 90 Mobil 98250-15759 For Private and Personal Use Only

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pAyika . mAnasaMgajI bAraDa smAraka TrasTa TrasTI-maMDaLa sUcanA Do. ke. kA. zAstrI, DAM, cinubhAI nAyaka, De. nAgajIbhAI bhaTTI, pathika pratyeka aMgrejI mahinAnI che. bhAratIbahena zelata, pro. subhASa brahmabhaTTa 15mI tArIkhe prasiddha thAya che. pachInA 15 divasamAM aMka na maLe | to sthAnika posTa ophisamAM likhita phariyAda karavI ane nakala amane mokalavI. varSa 38 muM] mAgha, saM. 2054 : phebruArI, 1998 [ aMka 5 | pathika sarvopayogI vicArabhAvanA anukrama ane jJAnanuM mAsika che. jIvanane UrdhvagAmI banAvatAM abhyAsapUrNa kalA vArasAnI rakheva thI DaoN. priyabALA zAha 1 ane ziSTa maulika lakhANone ra mAjika temaja aitihAsika saMdarbhota tarIke svIkAravAmAM Ave che. bAroTa ane cAraNI sAhityanuM mahattva DaoN. ke. sI. 'bAroTa 4 prasiddha thaI gayelI kRtine pharI prasiddha karavA mATe na mokalavAnI gAMdhoyuga pahelAM gujarAta vyakta karelA lekhakoe kALajI rAkhavI. Arthika rASTravAdanuM svarUpa pro. vikeza esa. paMDyA 9 kRti raNa akSare zAhIthI ane samAjasudhAraka mahArAjA sayAjIrAva kAgaLano eka ja bAjue lakhelI gAyakavAMDa(trIjA) pro. rekhA bhAvasAra 11 hovI joIe. kRtimAM koI anya bhASAnAM avataraNa mUkyAM hoya to gujarAtamAM Adhunika saMta-kavitAmAM eno gujarAtI tarajUmo Apavo abhinava prayoga- harSadeva mAdhava' DaoN. navanIta jozI 14 | jarUrI che. kRtimAMnA vicAronI javAbadArI lekhakanI raheze. grAhakone vinaMti : pathikamAM prasiddha thatI kRtionA lavAjamo mokalanAM temaja anya patravyavahAra karatAM potAno mAhakanambara vicAro-abhiprAyo sAthe taMtrI avazya noMdhavo. grAhakanambara nahi maLatAM inDeksa-slipo temaja keTalIkavAra mAhaka sahamata che ema na samajavuM. noMdhapothI tapAsatA ghaNuM kaSTa paDe che. AjIvana sahAyaka temaja vArSika grahako beu asvIkRta kRti pAchI meLavavA mATe A vinaMti che. jarUrI TikiTo AvI haze to tarata lavAjamo : vArSika grAhakonAM ghaNAM lavajamo hajI bAkI che. potAnuM varSa parata karAze. pUruM thatAM ja lavAjama mokalI ApavuM ke jethI grAhaka tarIke cAlu rahevA mAge che namUnAnA aMkanI nakala mATe ke nahi e spaSTa bAya. pa00 nI TikiTa mokalavI. ma.o. DrAphaTa-patro mATe lakho : vArSika lavAjama rU. 35/- pAMtrIsa : chUTaka nakalanA rU.4-50 T pazcika kAryAlaya 1 TapAla kharca sAthe : AjIvana sahAyakanA rU. 401/ (Cho. bho. je. vidyAbhavana, Azrama roDa, | lavAjama mATe ma.o. yA benka DrAphaTa 'pathika kAryAlaya'nA nAmano I amadAvAda-380008 kaDhAvI mokalavo. e kALe ekalo. pathika kAyAlaya vatI mudraka prakAzaka: po. subhASa brahmabhaTTa, Cho. bho. je. vidyAbhavana, eca. ke. kaoNlejanA kempasamAM, Azrama roDa, amadAvAda-9 mudrasthAna : kinnaDa grAphiksa, 9 6, nAraNapurA nA gAma amadA:sAda-380013 phona : 948439? . tA. 15-12-9 For Private and Personal Use Only

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kalA vArasAnI rakhevALI - DaoN. priyabALA zAha prAcIna avazeSo te ApaNo kalAvAraso. avazeSo ApaNane te samayanI samRddhino khyAla Ape che. A avazeSo te vakhatano paheraveza rItarivAja, sAmAjika paristhiti, dhArmika itihAsa vagere samajavA mATe madadarUpa bane che. samagra bhAratavarSamAM tema ApaNA gujarAtamAM paNa A kSetramAM karavAnAM kAryanA to DhagalA paDyA che, kAraNa Aje sadhI ApaNA kalAvArasA pratye bedarakArI rAkhelI che. te mATe astavyasta paDelA purAtattvIya sAhityakIya avazeSono vyavasthita abhyAsa jarUrI bane che. ApaNA dezanI kaLAnAM sthApatya, zilpa Adi mahattvanI kArIgIrInA keTalAye namanAo Thera Thera vikharAyelA paDelA che. AvI prAcIna kaLAnA namUnAo ekatra karIne prAcIna kaLAnuM saMgrahAlaya banAvAya to ja te prAcIna kaLAnA abhyAsa mATe anu kaLa thAya. AvuM kaLAnuM saMgrahasthAna kaLAnA vartamAna upAsakone to upayogI thAya ja. paNa ethI e vizeSa itihAsanA abhyAsIone paNa upayogI thAya che. sAMcI ke amarAvatI stUpanA patharAomAM kotarAyelI bauddhakathAmAM ApaNA che te kaLAnA saMskAranuM pratyakSavatuM dekhAtuM citra keTaluM AbehUba che te to e stUpo jonAra ja samajI zake che. tevI ja rIte zaivadharmanuM svarUpa, te kALanI sthApatya tathA zilpakaLAnuM hRdayahArI svarUpa, karmaprasAra mATenI utkaTa vAsanA vagere ApaNo te kALanA samAjanI vividha vAtono ApaNI AMkha AgaLa tAdeza citAra khaDo thAya che. sAmAnya rIte pustako Avo tAdeza citAra darzAvI zakatAM nathI. gujarAtamAM moDherAnA maMdiranuM khaMDiyera sUryapUjAnA pracArano ke rudramahAlaya athavA somanAthanA bhagnAvazeSo zivapUjAnA pracArano je khyAla ApI zake che. te bIjI koI reta maLavAno saMbhava nathI. sthApatyakaLAno abhyAsa paNa muzkelI vagara thaI zake ema che. maMdiro, killAo, masjido vagere sthApatyanA namUnAo badhA joI zake che. A dezanI bauddhamUrtiono abhyAsa paNa sahelAIthI thaI zake che. hajAro namUnAo mULa sthAnamAM, tenI AsapAsa ke judAM judAM saMgrahasthAnomAM jovA maLe che. je saMgRhIta thayela che tene mATe koI prazna raheto nathI, paraMtu samagra bhArata dezamAM evA keTalAya namUnAo kaLAnA veraNacheraNa che ke jene vize kAMI vicAratuM nathI athavA te mATe avakAza nathI. keTaleka sthaLe rastAo khodAtA hoya, makAnanA pAyA khodAtA hoya tyAre mUrtio, maMdiro, makAno, sikkAo, tAmrapatro vagere prApta thAya che, paraMtu te aMge joIe tevI sAcavaNI thatI nathI. kyAreka rastAnI saDako banAvavAmAM AvI zilpAkRtino upayoga patharA tarIke karIne tenA upara mATI pAtharavAmAM Ave che. sikkAo prAcIna koIne mahAmUlA gaNAya, paNa tenI yogya kiMmata ApavA koI kalAvida taiyAra thAya nahIM tethI AvA sikkAo paradeza ghasaDAI jAya che athavA vepArIo lobhane kAraNe tene gaLAvI nAkhIne dhAtumAM parivartita kare che, khodanAra majUrone tenI kiMmata hoya nahIM, teone tenI jANakArI hoya nahIM. teonI pAsethI te cIjo vepArIo athavA kuLanI kAMIka samajadArIvALA mAmUlI rakamathI meLave che. A rIte ApaNA dezano itihAsa jANavAnuM sAdhana ApaNe gumAvI besIe chIe. anekavidha zilpo paNa maLI Ave che. zrImaMto potAnA makAnamAM zilpone zokhane mATe rAkhe che, zobhA mATe rAkhe che, paNa teno upayoga maryAdita banI jAya che. saMgrahAlayamAM hoya to keTalAye kalAjijJAsuo, abhyAsIone te upayogI thaI zake. prAcIna zilpanA namUnAnAM moMmAgyAM dAma maLe che tethI have to saMgrahAlayomAMthI sArI sArI mUrtio corAI jAya che ane te moMghAmUle vecavAmAM Ave che. mAunTa AbunI taLeTImAM devAMgaNa nAme sthaLa che tyAM aneka ArasanI vividha devonI mUrtio veraNacheraNa paDelI che temAMnI keTalIka mUrtione jamInamAMthI khodIne bahAra kADhavAmAM AvI hatI tevI ja rIte prAcIna caMdrAvatI nagarInAM khaMDero ghaNAM paDyAM che tyAM paNa maMdironI pathika 1 phebruArI-1998 0 1 For Private and Personal Use Only

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aneka mUrtio, kIrtimukha vagere khaMDita-akhaMDita jamInamAM ardha daTAyelAM paDyAM che. nadInA vaheNamAM paNa keTalIye mUrtio taNAI jAya che. khaMDita mUrtionI pUjA hinduomAM thatI nathI tene kAraNe khaMDita mUrtio nadImAM vahevaDAvI devAmAM Ave che athavA pavitra vRkSa nIce mUkI devAmAM Ave che. A rIte kalAsamRddhinI rakhevALI joIe te pramANe thatI nathI. sarakAranA dhyAna para AvyuM che ke AvI vastuo barAbara sacavAvI joIe. tenI bhAMgaphoDa na thAya te paNa agatyanuM che, kAraNa itihAsanI punaHracanA mATe te agatyanAM sAdhano banI zake che. je kAMI itihAsa racAyo che te paNa sAco itihAsa che ke kema te AvA purAvazeSomAMthI jANI zakAya che. itihAsanAM pUraka prakaraNo paNa tenA uparathI racI zakAya che. bhUtakALanI kathA dAdImAnI vAto ke parIkathA jevI AjanI ApaNI UgatI peDhIne na lAge mATe teno bhavya bhUtakALa sAcavI rAkhavo jarUrI bane che. e AjanA zALA mahAzALAnA vidyArthIone tenA abhyAsamAM upayogI thaI zake che. satya hakIkata to e che ke ApaNI rASTriya saMpattine jANye ajANye athavA aNasamajaNane laIne ghaNuM nukasAna thAya che. tenI rakhevALI karavA te vastuo corAI na jAya, paradeza ghasAIna jAya, sikkA ke tAmrapatro jevI cIjonuM dhAtumAM parivartana na thaI jAya te mATe bhArata sarakAre prAcIna smAraka-imArato, sthaLo ane bIjI vastuone lagatAM dhArA ghaDyA che. A dhArAnA amalathI prAcIna zilpo, sikkanA saMgraho vagere je sAdhano vaDe myujhiyamo samRddha thAya che te meLavavA sarakAra zaktimAna thAya che. e paNa noMdhavuM joIe ke jamInamAMthI prApta thayela nidhinI jANa kalekaTarane karavAmAM Ave che ane sarakAra te nidhi prApta karavAnuM nakkI kare to te zodhanAra ane mAlikane vastunI mULa kiMmata karatAM 15 vadhAre rakama maLe che. Ama chatAM ajJAna loko durbhAgye potAne jaDelI cIjone ghaNI vAra saMtADI rAkhatA hoya che, dhAtu cIjone gALI nAkhatA hoya che ane A rIte itihAsa ane purAtattvavighAne hAni pahoMcADatA hoya che, 1878 mAM bhAratIya guptadhanadhArAnI jogavAI karavAmAM AvI, A dhArA pramANe jayAre koI paNa mANasane dasa rUpiyAthI vadhAre kiMmatano nidhi eTale ke jamInamAM daTAI gayelI agara jamInamAM coMTI gayelI athavA koI paNa cIjamAM DhaMkAI gayelI vastu maLe tyAre teNe te jaDelI cIja aMge kaleTakaTane jANa karavI ane najIkanI tijorImAM te nidhi jamA karAvavo agara kalekaTarane yogya bAMhedharI ApavI, tyAra bAda 1904mAM prAcIna smAraka ane imAratano saMrakSaNadhAro amalamAM Avyo. 1947mAM prAcIna smAraka imArato ane purAtatvIya sthaLo ane avazeSone lagato dhAro Antiquities Act amalamAM Avyo. A purAtana vastuone lagatA dhArA anusAra sarakArI paravAnA vagara 'nikAsa-niyamana' Export Control so varSa karatAM vadhAre jUnI hoya evI vastuono nikAsa karavA mATe agara nikAsa karavAnA prayata mATe sajAo TharAvavAmAM AvI che, teno Azaya dezanI purAtattvIya saMpattinuM haraNa na thAya. enI cokasAI rAkhavAno che. 1959nA 15mI oNkaTobarane divase amalamAM AvatA dhArAne prAcIna smAraka, imAratonA saMrakSaNadhArAnA vibhAgone AjanI jarUriyAta pramANe anukULa rIte goThavavA uparAMta A navA kAyadAmAM bIjI keTalIka hitakAraka jogavAIo che. kAyadAnI jogavAIo 1951mAM rASTriya agatyanAM jahera karAyelAM badhAM smAraka imArato ane sthaLone lAgu paDe che, arthAt prAcIna smAraka imArata saMrakSaNa dhArA heThaLa saMrakSAyelAM badhAM mArako ane jUnAM dezI rAjayomAMnI keTalIka agatyanI imAratone te lAgu paDe che. uparAMta gejheTamAM jAherAta karIne e yAdImAM navI smAraka imArato ane navAM sthaLo sarakAra umerI zake che. AvAM badhAM sthaLo ane ImArato, saMrakSita imArato ane sthaLo tarIke jANItAM che. A dhArAmAM samAtA gunAo mATe traNa mahinAnI keda athavA pAMca hajAra rUpiyAno daMDa athavA bane sajA thaI zake che. A thaI kalAvArasAnI rakheLALI sarakArI rAhe sarakArI rAhe dhAkadhamakIthI, kAyadAnI bIkathI kalAvArasAnuM rakSaNa karavAnuM thayuM, paNa ApaNe prajAjano ApaNo samRddha vAraso kevI rIte sAcavIzuM te paNa vicAravuM jarUrI bane che. lokamata keLavavo joIe. myunisipAliTI pathika 9 phebruArI-19980 2 For Private and Personal Use Only

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ke paMcAyatoe kalAvArasAnI sAcavaNInuM kArya hAtha para levuM joIe ne lokone UMDI samaja ApavI joIe, teno abhyAsamAM upayoga karAvavo joIe. kalAnI jALavaNIthI ApaNo vAraso tema bhavya bhUtakALanI samajaNa ApatI philmo batAvavI joIe, te mATenI jijJAsA tIvra thAya ema karavuM joIe. gujarAtanI rAjadhAnI bhinnamAlamAM eliphanTAnI guphAonA zilpo jevAM zilpo-sAtamA saikAnA zilpo-kAMTALI jhADIonI vacce taLAvane kinAre khUba paDelAM che. taLAvane kinAre paDelA paththaranAM zilpono upayoga sAmAnya rIte lUgaDAM dhovAnA kAmamAM karavAmAM Avato hoya che. AvI aNasamajaNathI sArAM zilpo dhovAI jAya che ane tUTI jAya che. nAnAM nAnAM gAmaDAMmAM zALAo hoya tenA zikSakoe, paMcAyato hoya to tenA sarapaMco vageree AvI zilpasamRddhine ekatra karIne zALAnA AMgaNAmAM mukAvavAM joIe. zALAnA AMgaNAmAM ke gAmanA corAmAM ke paMcAyatanI oNphisamAM zilpo rAkhavAmAM Ave to temAM kharaca thatuM nathI, vastuo sacavAya che ane AvI rIte kalAzilponI jALavaNI karavAmAM AvI hoya to tenu suMdara saMgrahasthAna banAvI zakAya che. ApaNA gujarAta rAjyamAM rAjyanuM kahIe evuM eka paNa saMgrahasthAna rAjyanI rAjadhAnImAM nathI. zilponI vAta thaI te pramANe prAcIna citro, hastapatro, dastAvejo, dhAtupratimA, dhAtunI prAcIna itara cIjo, pakavelI mATInAM ramakaDAM, prAcIna iMTo, mATInAM citrita tathA raMgIna vAsaNo, prAcIna samayanAM kApaDa ke vastro vagere bhAratanA itihAsanI,punarracanAnAM sAdhano tarIke upayogI gaNAya che. tenI jANavaNI yathAyogya karavI joIe ane tene tenA yathAsthAne goThavavI joIe. AvI cIjo abhyAsane mATe sulabha banAvavI joIe. tenA phoTA vagere paDAvavA joIe jethI cIjo nAza pAme topaNa vastunA phoTA ke pratikRti ApaNI pAse sacavAyela rahe che ane abhyAsamAM ane itihAsanI punaHracanA ke ApaNA sAMskRtika vArasAne samajavAmAM te upayogI thAya che. uparAMta enA aneka namUnAo pratikRtithI taiyAra karavAmAM Ave, jethI teno abhyAsa dUra dUranA dezomAM karavAno sulabha thaI zake che. e rIte jo TUMkamAM gaNAvIe to so varSa pahelAMnA akSarovALA koI zUravIranA sAmAnya pALiyAthI AraMbhI pAMca hajAra varSa pahelAMnI siMdhu saMskRtine prakAzamAM lAvanAra moheM-jo-daDonA khodakAmamAMthI maLelI nAnI moTI aneka cIjo, zilAlekho, tAmrapatro, sikkAo, jUnAM makAno, jUnI mUrtio, jUnA graMtho vagere anekAneka jUnI aitihAsika mUlyavALI vastuo saMgrahavI joIe, tenI mArgadarzikA lakhAvavI joIe ane temAM spaSTa samajAvavuM joIe ke A badhI cIjomAMthI taiyAra thatI aitihAsika mAhitI, dAdImAnI vAto ke parIonI kathA karatAM kAMIka judI che, jenI jALavaNI ApaNI saMskRti samajAvavA mATenuM uttama sAdhana che. mATe ApaNA samRddha kalAsaMgrahanI jALavaNI karavI joIe. prAcIna kalAkArIgIrI, mUrtio, aitihAsika imArato vagere ApaNI rASTriya saMpatti che tenI jANavaNI e ApaNA deza pratyenI sau prathama pharaja che. The. sadma sosAyaTI, libarTI haoNTalanA khAMcAmAM, navaraMgapurA, amadAvAda-380 009 pathika 0 phebruArI-1998 0 3 For Private and Personal Use Only

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sAmAjika temaja aitihAsika saMdarbhasrota tarIke bAroTa ane cAraNI sAhityanuM mahattva DaoN. ke. sI. bAroTa itihAsanI jANakArI mATenI vividha ane vipula sAdhanasAmagrImAM likhita temaja maukhika sAhityanuM mahattva eka sarvasvIkRta bAbata gaNAya che. e nyAye gujarAtanA sAmAjika temaja aitihAsika saMdarbhasrota tarIke bAroTa-cAraNI sAhityano vizeSa prabhAva jovA maLe che. jo ke bhAratIyonA itihAsanA jJAna aMge pAzcAtya vidvAnone khAsa mAna nathI tethI ja A lokoe ghaNAM varSothI eka vAtanI raTa lagAve rAkhI che ke prAcIna temaja madhyakAlIna bhAratIyone itihAsanuM lezamAtra paNa jJAna na hatuM. mATe ja teo potAnAM zAstrI ane purANonI kiMvadaMtIone itihAsa mAnavAnI bhUla karatA hatA ane itihAsanA AtmA samAna "samaya tathA sthaLa" jevAM atyaMta mahattvapUrNa tathyothI sAva ja anabhijJa hatA, tethI ja hiMdano sAco itihAsa briTizakALathI ja lakhAvo zarU thayo. pAzcAtya vidvAnonI A mAnyatA tema doSAropaNane dUra karavA chellAM trIsa-cALIsa varSothI bhAratIya itihAsavido tathA samAjazAstrIo dvArA bharacaka prayato hAtha gharAyA che. gujarAtanA jANItA itihAsavida DaoN. makaraMda mahetA A bAbate yogya rIte ja noMdhe che ke : 'chellA traNeka dAyakAothI itihAsalekhana vidyAno abhigama badalAyo che ane khAsa karIne navI peDhInA itihAsakAro samAjanA nIcalA vargone temaja jAtione kendrasthAne rAkhIne sAMskRtika tathA Arthika itihAsanuM taddana navI ja rIte arthaghaTana kare che. dalito, strIo, AdivAsIo ane anya zoSita vargo tathA jJAtiono itihAsa eTale "samAjanA sabaDatA ke kacaDAyelA lokono itihAsa' (Subaltern History) temaja 'itihAsa vihoNAono itihAsa' (History From be ow) jevA coTadAra zabdothI vibhUSita banela A prakArano itihAsa mAtra bauddhikomAM ja nahi, paNa sAmAnya zikSita vargamAM paNa lokapriya banyo che.' uparyukata zabdone yathArtha puravAra karato prayata gujarAtanA jANItA samAjazAstrI ane itihAsavidda e. ema. zAha ane Ara. jI. zrophe 'gujarAtanA vahIvaMcA bAroTa' nAmanA zodha-lekha rUpe bAroTa-cAraNI sAhityanuM gahana adhyayana tema saMzodhana karIne e sAbita karI ApyuM che ke "bAroToe racela vaMzAvalIo, kAvya lokagIta tathA anya lokasAhityanuM jo prayatnapUrvaka UMDuM adhyayana karavAmAM Ave to vizvasta ane pramANabhUta sAdhana tarIke (itihAsa jANavA mATe A sAhityano yogya upayoga thaI zake tema che.' e ja rIte vizvavikhyAta samAjazAstrI prAdhyApaka AziSa nAndIe potAnA graMtha 'ALTERNATIVE SC.ENCES' mAM A aMge noMdhyuM che ke : "bAroTa-cAraNI sAhitya bhAratIya kALagaNanAmAM atyaMta mahattvapUrNa che. A loko jUnA-purANA dastAvejo ane khAsa karIne daMtakathAone najara samakSa rAkhIne janasaMvedanAone jhakajhorato jIvaMta itihAsa racatA hatA.' 'inDiyana hisTrI koMgresanA magadha yuni. (bodhigayA) khAte tA. 28 thI 30 Dise. 1981 daramyAna maLela rASTriya adhivezanamAM vidvAna prAdhyApaka esa. sI. mizrAe "The Medieval Reality' viSaya paranA potAnA vakatavyamAM sApha kahyuM hatuM ke "madhyayuga ane tyArabAda paNa moTA bhAganA hiMdIonI sAmAjika ane sAhajika cetanA emanA samIpavartI vAtAvaraNamAMthI ja avatarI hatI."A sAmAjika ane sAhajika cetanAnA sAcA janaka hatA bAroTa-cAraNo ane temanuM khamIravatuM sAhitya, prophe. mizrAe darzAvela matAnusAra : madhyakAlIna temaja Adhunika lokonI saMvedanAone samajavAmAM tathA samajAvavAmAM bAroTa-cAraNI sAhitya, enA AkhyAno, kathA-vArtAo, kIrtano vagerenuM talasparzI jJAna atyaMta upayogI saMtu-samAna che. A badhAM avataraNo ke abhiprAyo dvArA huM e sAbita karavA nathI mAgato ke A sAhitya sarvaguNasaMpanna ane pathika 0 phebruArI-1998 04 For Private and Personal Use Only

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doSarahita che. paraMtu mAro dRDha vizvAsa che ke pazcima dvArA vikasita atyAdhunika aitihAsika praNAlikAo temaja sAdhano-srotonuM parIkSaNa karavAnI vaijJAnika paddhatinI sAthe sAthe AvA sAhityane paNa sodezya pUrNa rIte grahaNa karI saMkalita karavAmAM Ave to bhAratIya itihAsanI sAMskRtika cetanAne vizALa svarUpamAM samajavAmAM te atyaMta sahAyabhUta thaI zake tema che. 'vAstavamAM bhAratIya itihAsanA mULa srota temaja sAdhanonI saMbhALa rAkhavAnuM mahattvapUrNa kAma A jJAtie sadIo sudhI karyuM che. alabatta te keTaleka aMze kSatiyukta hovA chatAM ghaNAbadhA bhAratIya temaja videzI itihAsalekhako ane vidvAnoe A sAdhanono vizvAsapUrvaka ane vipula pramANamAM upayoga karyo che. mukhyatve karnala ToDe 'rAjasthAnano itihAsaM' lakhavAmAM ane elekajhAnDara kinaloka phArbasa rAsamALA' ('gujarAtano sAMskRtika itihAsa') racavAmAM A jJAtinAM lakhANo temaja kephiyatone atyaMta AdhArabhUta srota mAnIne teno chUTathI upayoga karyo che, karnala ToDanA zabdomAM joIe to "bhAratavarSamAM yuddha saMbaMdhI kAvyo e itihAsanuM bIjuM sAdhana che. mATe tenA racayitA bAroTone manuSya jAtinA "Agha itihAsa lekhako gaNavA joIe...... A loko vAstavika ghaTanAo lakhavAnA ane vidyamAna (parAkramI puruSonI khyAti ajarAamara karavAnA kAryamAM lAgelA hatA. kaviloko prAcIna bhAratanA mukhya itihAsalekhako che. bhaTTa (brahmabhaTTa) kavionA kAvyagraMtho dvArA satya ghaTanA, dhArmika vicAra tathA rItarivAja saMbaMdhI aneka mahattvanI vAto prApta thAya che, jemAMnI keTalIka pakSapAta vinA lakhavAmAM AvelI hovAthI evI che ke temanI satyatA vize ocho saMdeha che.' e ja pramANe rAsamALA'nA racayitA e. ke. phArbase uparyukta graMthanI prastAvanAmAM noMdhyuM che ke mane gujarAtamAM rahyAne ghaNA divasa thayA nahatA eTalAmAM huM sarakArI kAme hato tene prasaMge mArA moM AgaLa eka kAgaLa raju karavAmAM Avyo temAM be bAroTanI sahIo sAthe kaTAranAM nizAna joI mArI jijJAsA udita thaI. temano meM samAgama (saMparka) karyo... to emanA bhaMDAranI mane jhAMkhI thaI eTale mArI jijJAsA zamI javAne badale UlaTAnI vadhI, te lokone samajavAne ane bhaMDAranA DAbalAno khulAso karI levAne mATe bAroTonI vAtonuM jJAna meLavI levAnI agatya hatI....... mAro A saMgraha meM je rAsomAMthI karelo che teone nAme nAma mArA A saMgrahanuM nAma rAsamALA' rAkhyuM che.' vaLI 'gujarAtI hastapratronI saMkalita yAdImAM zrI ke.kA.zAstrIe phorbsa potAnI A saMzodhanapravRttino prAraMbha kevI rIte karyo ane temAM brahmabhaTTa jJAti dvArA sacavAyelA sAhityano upayoga kevI rIte karyo tenI vigate mAhitI Apela che. Ama A baMne aMgreja vidvAno ane itihAsalekhako uparAMta gujarAtI sAhityanA mUrdhanya kavi dalapatarAma paNa A kAmamAM sahabhAgI banyA hovAno artha e thAya ke tamAma vidvAnoe A jJAtinA lokonAM lakhANo ke kephiyatone atyaMta vizvasta ane AdhArabhUta mAnyAM che. e ja rIte tAjetaranAM varSomAM paNa durgAzaMkara ke. zAstrI jevA Adhunika itihAsalekhakoe "gujarAtano madhyakAlIna itihAsa' nAmanA graMthamAM brahmabhaTTa prajAno itihAsanA mULa AdhAra tarIke mUlavavA prayatna karyo che. bAroTa-cAraNa sAhitya, tenA pAraMparika rItarivAjo ane emAM AvelAM parivartanone mUlavavA mATe mArA pIeca.DI, zodhaprabaMdha "gujarAtanI sAMskRtika paraMparA ane parivartanamAM brahmabhaTTa jJAtinuM pradAna, 18 18 thI 1947" ane tenA navasaMskaraNa "brahmabhaTTa saMhitA'nAM vizeSa adhyayana-citana vakhate meM eka vAta vAraMvAra anubhavI che ke A jJAti eka pAraMparika ItihAsanna jJAtinA rUpamAM bhAratabharamAM suprasiddha hatI. huM khuda A jJAtino hovAthI meM mArA adhyayana dvArA e pratipAdita karavA prayatna karyo che ke : yuddhakALamAM samarAMgaNamAM bAroTa jJAtinA e loko jAte jatA ane yuddhamagna yoddhAone zauryatarpaNanAM gIto pathika 9 phebruArI-199805 For Private and Personal Use Only

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sUra-tAlathI gAI saMbhaLAvI yuddhAbhimukha karatA. emanAmAM evI lAgaNIo jhaMkRta karatA ke teo mAtRbhUminI rakSA kAje prANanI paNa paravA karyA vinA chellA zvAsa paryaMta yuddharata rahetA. zAMtikALamAM vepAra-rojagAranI vRddhimAM paNa A loko pravRtta rahetA. teo rAjA-mahArAjAo tathA zeThazAhukAronA sodAomAM madhyasthI jAmIna thatA ane bemAMthI eka paNa pakSa tenuM pAlana karavAmAM anucita vilaMba kare athavA niSphaLa jAya tyAre pahelAM potAnA atyaMta priya svajano ane aMte svayaMnuM trAgA-paddhati dvArA balidAna ApI potAnuM pavitra lohI abhiyuktanA dharanA AMgaNAmAM chAMTatA, je atyaMta apavitra ane kopayukta ghaTanA gaNAtI ane kevaLa hiMduo ja nahIM, paNa muslimo paNa te bAbatathI DaratA evI noMdha enthovAna, boroDala ane mekamara jevA videzI itihAsalekhakoe potAnAM lakhANomAM karela che. mATe ja koI paNa dastAveja para bAroTanI sahI tathA kaTAranuM nizAna e ja te karAranA pAlana mATe aTUTa khAtarI ke bAMhedharI manAtI. briTiza kALamAM paNa jyAMsudhI korTa kacerIono vyApa ATalo vadhyo na hato tyAMsudhI(1830)e eka sarvasvIkRta bAbata hatI. mATe ja e. ke. phArbsa noMdhe che ke 'jemanI bAMhedharI koI paNa prakAranA Dara ke zaMkA vinA svIkArI zakAya (tema hoya) tevI ekamAtra vyakti tarIke bAroTono AdhAra levAmAM Avato'. maeNkamaraDo potAnA graMtha 'Remarks on the Province of Kathiyawar' mAM noMdhe che ke 'AvuM bhayaprada dabANa ja tatkAlIna samAjamAM atyaMta prabhAvazALI manAtuM hatuM.' AvA aneka prasaMgo bAroTa sAhityamAM upalabdha che. ane gujarAta saurASTranA simADe UbhelA pALiyAo enA mUka sAkSI che, jenI rASTriya zAyara zrI jhaveracaMda meghANIe bharapUra noMdha lIdhI che. AvI pAraMparika praNAlikAo dharAvatI ane samAjamAM potAnI A praNAlikAo dvArA ja vizeSa prabhAva dharAvatI A komanA lokonuM sAhitya paNa eTaluM ja prANavAna hatuM. enA eka dRSTAMta tarIke anne eka pavADo rajU karIe, je parathI kavitvapUrNa ane sAhityika zailImAM aitihAsika tathyonI rajuAta kevI rIte karavAmAM AvatI hatI teno khyAla AvI zakaze : savAI jasavaMta 2aa bahAdura, savAI DaMkA bajA diyA maMDu zahara se mArA phIraMgI, jayA jamanA se pAra kriyA 1 lIka sAhebane cIThThi bhejI, jayA pahoMce kalaka-oku sabhI kaMpanI milakara AyA, lage vAMcaNa cITTIku / lIka sAhebane chAtI pITI, kalakattA saba khAlI huA bharatapura bhArI laDAI kara, mahArAjane cala dIyA / hiMdustAna paMjAba choDakara, lAhora kA maidAna lIyA lAhora ke vAM raMjIta rAjA, sAtha phoja dau lAkha lIyA mahArAjA ku milane khAtara, amara zaharapara jhuka AyA jaba donu kA milApa huA, Apa phiraMgI gabharAyA phiraMgIne vakIla bhejakara mahArAjAku samajAyA hamane hArA, tumane jItA, jaye huA so bhalA huA A kavitAnuM saraLa tAtparya e che ke savAI jasavaMtarAya holDara ane aMgreja saradAra lekanI vacce oNkTo. thI 13 nave. 1804 daramyAna thayela yuddhamAM jasavaMtarAye aMgrejone kAzIthI pelI bAju bhagADI mUkyA hatA. A vAtanuM samarthana ApatuM lakhANa itihAsakAra Ara. sI. majumadAranA graMtha Advance History of India (P. 698) para paNa varNavavAmAM Avela che, paraMtu bAroTa-cAraNI sAhityamAM kavitAnA svAMgamAM itihArAnuM je tathya rajU thayuM che te eka talasparzI ane jhINavaTabharyuM varNana che. jenI noMdha paNa aMgreja itihAsakAroe lIdhI nathI tevA emanI 14 pathika 70 phebruArI-1998 0 6 For Private and Personal Use Only

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nAlezIbharyA A prasaMgane bAroTa-cAraNI sAhitya AvI suMdara noMdha karIne itihAsamAM eka AdhArabhUta sAdhana tarIkenI potAnI viziSTa chApa upasAvI che ema kahI zakAya. evuM ja amadAvAdanA sthaLa-varNananuM bAroTa-cAraNI sAhityanuM eka uttama daSTAMta atre joIe, je jotAM sApha jaNAI Ave che ke A sAhitya paNa anya sAhityika sAdhano ane itihAsanI jANakArI mATenI sAdhana-sAmagrI karatAM saheja paNa UNuM utare tema nathI..... zAhaAlama ko bahoma teja, rAMka baTu base sarakhe ja ! yAro, jaba kutte para zIyA dauDAyA, tabahI zAhane amadAvAda vasAyA basAyA zahara, AkhA huM i ThaMDI, bAre bhAgoLa ne chatrIsa caMDI | bAre bhAgoLa meM dekhalAu, halamanI khaDakI jUdI lAu | aisA zahara kabhI nahIM basatA, pa2 kAMkarIyA jamaNA rastA jaMgala jaMgala ko pAnI bharIyA, jaba nAma kAM karIyA dharIyA kAMkarIyA kA caugaTa pAnI, bIja uMcI hai eka TIMbI eka dhobana aisI dIThI, usakA nAma hai eka lIMbI nIcI hokara sAbu daye, uMcI hokara dhoye kaDIA cunA detI jAve, yAra ku izArA karatI jAve | amadAvAda zaheranA uparyukta varNanane jotAM jaNAya che ke dezI-videzI musApharonA pravAsa varNanomAM AvatAM amadAvAdanA ullekho karatAM kaMika judI ja chaTA A gItamAM che. tAla, laya, ane prAsanI jALavaNI dvArA enA sthaLa vizeSanA varNanane lAvaNyabharyuM ane rocaka banAvI lokasmRtimAM kAyamI rIte jakaDAI rahe tevo prayata emAM thayo che, chatAM tenAM sthaLavarNananuM ke aitihAsikatAnuM mUlya saheja paNa ghaTatuM jaNAyuM nathI. UlaTAnuM te potAnAmAM vizeSa jANakArI samAvIne sahaja rIte ja lokajIbhe sthAna meLave tevI temAM AvaData che. A uparAMta pAzcAtya itihAsavettAoe jayAM jayAM potAnI kalama calAvI nathI ke vizeSa mauna jALavyuM che tyAM ane jayAM emaNe varNana karyuM hovA chatAM sahaja rIte ja satya khUlIne bahAra AvI nathI zakyuM tyAM bAroTa-cAraNI sAhitye potAno asala kasaba batAvI itihAsanI jANavaNI ane mUlavaNInuM kAma capaTI vagADavA jeTaluM saraLa banAvI dIdhuM che. marAThA zAsakonA trAsanuM sahaja ane rocaka varNana karatA A lokoe lakhyuM che ke - hAlatAM daMDe, cAlatAM daDe, daMDe sArA dina, chAtI para patthara mUkIne, paise lete china. A paMktio maganalAla vakhatacaMdanA "amadAvAdano itihAsa' nAmanA pustakamAM Apela bAroTasAhityano uttama namUno che. je marAThAkAlIna amadAvAdanI vAstavika sthitino khyAla Ape che. e ja rIte sarakArI gejheTiyaroe amadAvAdanA 1816nA vidroha ane sahubA nAmanI bAroTa bAInA balidAnanI vAtano achaDato ullekha mAtra karyo che. jayAre A sAhityamAM otiyA-godhiyA cADiyAnI AkhI vAta rocaka zailimAM ApIne eka aitihAsika tathyarUpa cADiyAonA ane marAThA zAsakonA trAsanuM varNana ane tenA umUlananI vAta karIne briTiza zAsananI sthApanAnI pUrvasaMdhyAe gujarAtamAM kevI sthiti hatI tenI spaSTa ane sahajapaNe khyAla Apyo che. Ama A samagra aitihAsika tathyone kasoTInI eraNe caDAvavA chatAM A sAhitya anya sAdhano karatAM saheja paNa UNuM UtaratuM jaNAtuM nathI. A rIte jotAM sAmAjika ane aitihAsika tathyo satyone jAgrata karavAmAM A sAhityanuM vizeSa pradAna che. jarUra che to kevaLa sAcI niSThA, dhairya, ruci, sUkSma dRSTi ane gaMbhIratA tathA taTasthatApUrvaka pathika 1 phebruArI-1998 07 For Private and Personal Use Only

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AvA sAhityanuM adhyayana tema vizleSaNa karavAnI. jenA AdhAre ApaNe pAzcAtya vidvAnonA ekamArgI ane pokaLA itihAsane jUTho sAbita karavA paDakAra pheMkI zakIe ema che. che. (-53, bhAgavatanagara, gulAba TAvara sAme, solA roDa, amadAvAda-61 saMdarbha sAhitya 1. elekajhAMDara che. phorbsa : rAsamALA, (anu. 1899) 2. DaoN. bAroTa ke, sI : "brahmabhaTTasaMhitA (amadA. phebu-97) 3. jAnI aMbAlAla bulAkhIdAsa : phArbasa guja. sAhityasabhAnA hastalikhita pustakonI savirata nAmAvalI, (mubaI, 1923) 4. maganalAla vakhatacaMda : 'amadAvAdano itihAsa' (amadA. 1851) 5. DaoN. mahetA makaraMda je. : "brahmabhaTTasaMhitA' graMthAvalokana, pathika', mArca-997 da, DaoN. ke. kA. zAstrI : gujarAtI hastapratonI saMkalita yAdI (amadA. 1939) 7. Borodaille A. A. : Hindu Caste Rules - Manuscript (this Manu. is preserved in the B.J.Inst. of learning & Research, A'bad For detais please see Mangaldas Nathubhai - Borodaile's Hindu Cast Rules (Bombay-1882) 8. Enthoran. R. E. : The Tribes and Castes of Bombay (Bombay, 1920) Forbes A. K. : 'Rasmala', Hndu Anna's of Guj. (Londom-Vo.. IX, 1878) Govt. Pubi cat ons : Gazatters of Bombay presidency Vol X (Bombay, 1920) 11. Govt. Publ cations : Gazatters of Bombay presidency Vol. V (Ahd-Bom. 1904) 12. Glon K. L. : Ahmedabad A Study in Indian Urban History (California, 1966) 13. Majumdar R.C. : Advance H story of India (London, 1956) 14. Mac Murado James : Remarks of the Province of Kath awar, Its Inhabitants, their Manners & Customs, (Bombay 1819) 15. Misra S. C. : Pres! Add, at Saminar on 'The Medieval Reality, 42nd session, indian History any Magadh Uni. Dec. 81 16. Nand Ashish : Alternative sciences (Delhi-1980) 17. Shah A. M. and Shrotf R. G. : 'The Vahivancha Barots of Gujarat' Miton singer (ed) Traditional Indian Structure & Change (Philidelphia - 1959) 18. Tod James : 'Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan', (Delhi - 1978) pathika 1 phebruArI-1998 0 8 For Private and Personal Use Only

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gAMdhIyuga pahelAM gujarAte vyakta karelA Arthika rASTravAdanuM svarUpa : cha svade AMdolana, 1904-1908 pro. vikeza esa. paMDyA prastAvanA : vaizvika paribaLonI asarone jhIlato ApaNo deza jyAre vijJAna ane TekanolaoNjIne AdhAre 21mI sadI tarapha AgekUca karI rahyo che tyAre gujarAtanI vyavahAralathI vepArI saMskRtine anurUpa A sadInI zarUAtamAM gujarAte Arthika rASTravAda kevI rIte darzAvyo te aMge aitihAsika ciMtana karavuM jarUrI che. je rIte saikAothI gujarAte vepArI ane audyogika paraMparAo cAlu rAkhI che ane vikasAvI che te jotAM ema lAge che ke bhAratanI bhAvi Arthika AjhAdI ane pragatinI cAvI gujarAtanI sahiSNu ane vepArI saMskRti dvArA siddha thaze. AvA vyApaka aitihAsika ane sAMskRtika draSTikoNane lakSamAM laIne A lekha taiyAra karavAmAM Avyo che. svadezI AMdolana ane tenuM svarUpa : briTiza zAsanane pariNAme Arthika dRSTie ApaNI paraMparAgata kRSivyavasthA eka tarapha behAlImAM dhakelAI gaI to bIjI tarapha audyogika daSTie ApaNA prAcIna udyoga-dhaMdhAo nAza pAmatA gayA. 19mA saikA daramiyAna bhArata ane gujarAtamAM aneka dukALo paDyA, jene pariNAme loko niHsaMzrIya paristhitimAM mukAI gayA.' briTiza sAmrAjyavAdI nItine pariNAme bhAratamAMthI thayelA dravya-apaharaNa vize to dAdAbhAI navarojI ane romezacaMdra datta jevA Arthika ciMtakoe ghaNuM lakhyuM che. ATaluM jANe ke ochuM hoya tema hindu ane gujarAtanA UgatA rASTravAda upara aMkuza mUkavAnA AzayathI hindanA vAisaroya laoNrDa karjhane (1899-1905) baMgALanA bhAgalA pADyA tene pariNAme sArAye dezamAM je ghaTanA banI te 'svadezI AMdolana' tarIke jANItI che, paraMtu gujarAtane bAda karatAM A AMdolananuM svarUpa mukhyatve rAjakIya prakAranuM hatuM. baMgALa ane mahArASTra jevA pradezomAM ugra prakAranAM rAjakIya bhASaNo thayAM ane lekho paNa prasiddha thayA, paraMtu Arthika rASTravAdanI bhUmikA to gujarAte ja pUrI pADI. kyAM kAraNosara gujarAtIoe A sidri hAMsala karI haze, tenI samajUtI saMkSiptamAM nIce ApavAmAM AvI che. gujarAtamAM svadezInI paraMparA : A lekhanI zarUAtamAM ja jaNAvyuM che te mujaba briTiza zAsananI zarUAta pahelAM sadIothI gujarAte sahiSNu vepArI saMskRti khIlavI hatI. AvA saMjogomAM jyAre hindamAMthI kAco mAla iMglaeNnDamAM ThalavAto jato hato tyAre samagra dezamAM mila-udyoga vize vicAranAra jo sau prathama koI hoya to te amadAvAdanA nAgarika raNachoDalAla choTAlAla (1823-98) hatA. temaNe chaMka 1845mAM gaNatarI karI ke jo aMgrejo ahIMnA kAcA mAlano upayoga karIne hindumAM taiyAra kApaDa ThAlavatA hoya ane jo temAMthI aDhaLaka dravya kamAtA hoya to vepArI paraMparA dharAvanAra gujarAta te kema na karI zake ? A prakAranuM manomaMthana karIne teo aneka jhaMjhAvAto sAme laDyA ane chevaTe 1861mAM teo amadAvAdamAM sutarAu kApaDanI mila sthApIne ja jaMpyA.* tyAra bAda gujarAtI sAhasikoe evI to jhaDapathI milaudyoga vadhAryo ke svadezI AMdolana pahelAM paNa amadAvAda 'hindanuM mAncesTara' tarIke dezavidezamAM paMkAI gayuM." iMgleMDanAM Arthika AkramaNone khALavA mATe gujarAte ane hindu teno audyogika vikAsa sAdhavo paDaze tevo maMtra ApanAra sau prathama kavi dalapatarAma hatA. temaNe 1851mAM 'hunnarakhAnanI caDAI nAmanA suprasiddha kAvyamAM A bAbatanI bhArapUrvaka himAyata karI." tyArabAda 1875mAM zrI aMbAlAla sAkaralAla desAI, zrI haragoviMdadAsa kAMTAvALA, zrI bhoLAnAtha sArAbhAI ane gopALa hari dezamukha jevA madhyamavargI bauddhikoe. zrI raNachoDalAla choTAlAla, zrI becaradAsa lazkarI, zrI premAbhAI himAbhAI ane zrI manasukhabhAI bhagubhAI jevA zeThiyAonI - Te. gArDanavyU epArTamenTaMga, ghanazyAmabAga sosAyaTI, brinagara, amadAvAda-8 pathika 7 phebruArI-1998 27 9 For Private and Personal Use Only

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madadathI amadAvAdamAM "svadeza ughoravardhaka maMDaLInI sthApanA karI. te ja pramANe surata, navasArI, vaDodarA, bharUca, morabI, jAmanagara, bhAvanagara, naDIyAda ane rAjakoTa jevAM nagaromAM svadezI maMDaLo astitvamAM AvyAM. svadezI AMdolanamAM gujarAtIonuM pradAnaH svadezIno mahimA prasAravA svadezI AMdolanane samaye amadAvAda, bhAvanagara, bharUca, rAjakoTa, vaDodarA, bhUja ane surata jevAM nagaromAM aneka kRSiviSayaka ane audyogika pradarzano bharAyAM. A agAu paNa aMbAlAla sAkaralAla desAI ane haragoviMdadAsa kAMTAvALA jevA gujarAtanA netAoe svadezInA mahimAne uttejana ApyuM hatuM. gujarAta mATe gauravaprada bAbata e che ke svadezI AMdolana vakhate temaNe mila mAlika tarIkenI bhUmikA adA karI, udAharaNa tarIke aMbAlAla sAkaralAle 1906mAM naDiyAdamAM "svadezI mila'nI sthApanA karI. te ja pramANe 1905mAM haragoviMdadAse vaDodarAnI mila kharIdI lIdhI ane tenuM saMcAlana karyuM. 1882mAM A mila sthApanAra vaDodarAnA mahArAjA sayAjIrAva gAyakavADa sAcA rASTrabhakta hatA ane temaNe vaDodarAnI prajAne daSTAMta ApavA ja milanI sthApanA karI hatI ane te samaye jAhera paNa karyuM hatuM ke jyAre paNa koIe A milane khAnagI udyoga tarIke vikasAvavI haze tyAre rAja taraphathI sastA dareka milanuM vecANa karavAmAM Avaze. Ama svadezI AMdolana vakhate haragoviMdadAsa kAMTAvALAe mila kharIdI lIdhI ane tene vikasAvI. mila-udyoga uparAMta svadezI AMdolana vakhate gujarAtamAM khAMDa, lavAsaLI ane kAgaLanAM kArakhAnAM astitvamAM AvyAM. Arthika rASTravAdanA pratIkarUpa benka opha baroDAnI sthApanA paNa (1907) svadezI AMdolananA sIdhA pariNAmasvarUpa hatI. Aje deza-videzamAM suprasiddha banela vaDodarAnuM 'elembika kemikala vasa' (sthApanA : 1906) paNa A ja prakAranI Arthika rASTravAdanI bhAvanAmAMthI zarU thayuM hatuM. samApana : svadezI AMdolana vakhate jayAre dezamAM ugra rIte rAjakIya hilacAlo thaI tyAre svadezInI bhAvanAne anurUpa Arthika rASTravAda vyakta karanAra jo koI pradeza hoya to te gujarAta hato. gujarAtanI lAMbI, vyavahAralakSI, vepArI pratibhA vagara A zakya banyuM na hota. sutarAu kApaDanI milo uparAMta bIjA aneka mahattvanA udyogo zarU karIne gujarAte tenI sAcI asmitA pradarzita karI hatI. bhUtakALanA A prakAranA saMketo batAve che ke dezanI AbAdI vikasAvavAmAM bhaviSyamAM gujarAtanAM yuvako ane yuvatio navI komyuTara TekanolojIne AdhAre mahattvano bhAga bhajavaze. pAdanoMdha 1, vadhu vigata mATe juo B.M.Bhatia, Famines in India (Bombay, 1967). P. K Gopalkrishnan, Development of Economic Ideas in Ind a, 1880-1950 (New Delhi, 1959). Vikesh Pandya, "Ranchhodlal Chhotalal (1823-98): The maker of Modem Ahmedabad, Indian History Congress, Proceedings, 57th Session, Madras, 1996 Makrand Mehta, Ahmedabad Cotton Textile Industries, Genesis and Growth (Ahmedabad, 1980). R. L Rawal, Socio-Religious Reform Movements in Gujarat During the 19th Century (New Delhi, 1987) PP. 123-25. vadhu vigata mATe juo madhusudana ela, paDhiyAra, gujarAtanA sAmAjika, Arthika ane rASTriya utpAdaka haragoviMdadAsa dvArakAdAsa kAMTAvALA (1844-1931)nuM pradAna, aprakAzita pIeca.DI. mahAnibaMdha, gujarAta yunivarsiTI, 1989. prajAbaMdhu (amadAvAda)nI phAIlo, 1903-1910, 8. madhusudana ela. paDhiyAra, uparyukta. Baroda Government, Annual Report of the Baroda State. For the year 1882-83 (Baroda, 1884). 10, prajAbaMdhu, 1904-08nA aMko; vaLI juo gujarAta mitra, surata, 1904-08 daramiyAnanA aMko. pathika 0 phebruArI-1998010 For Private and Personal Use Only

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samAjasudhAraka mahArAjA sayAjIrAva gAyakavADa (trIjA) pro. rekhA bhAvasAra kheDUtamAMthI vaDodarAnAM rAjA banelA sayAjIrAvanAM jIvaghaDataranAM varSe temanI bhAvI mahattAnI jANe ke AgAhI karatAM hatAM. vicAro, siddhAMto ane Adarzo karmanI jananI che. yuvAvasthAmAM je rIte mahArAjAe aneka sAmAjika pravRttio AgaLa dhapAvI tenI pAchaLa sayAjIrAvanAM saMpradAyanarapekSa ane tarkayukta (secular and Rat onal) vicAro mahattvanAM paribaLa tarIke javAbadAra hatAM. A bAbatane lakSamAM laI sayAjIrAvanI samAjasudhArA aMgenI pravRttionI ahIM chANAvaTa karI che. atre eka spaSTatA karavI jarUrI che ke samAjasudhArA aMge temaNe pasAra karelA kAyadAo khUba ja mahattvanA hatA, je atre rajU karavAmAM AvyAM che. alabatta, jayAMsudhI sAcI jAgRtti na Ave tyAM sudhI mAtra kAyadAothI samAjaparivartana thaI zakatuM nathI. Ama chatAM, paNa je rIte sayAjIrAve kAyadAone vyAvahArika svarUpa ApyuM te batAve che ke teo samAjasudhArAnA eka prakhara pravAhaka banI gayA hatAM. yAjIrAva mAnatA hatA ke jayAMsudhI sAmAjika sudhAraNA thAya nahi tyAMsudhI samAjano sArvatrika vikAsa saMbhavato nathI." pariNAmasvarUpe sayAjIrAve samAjamAM bALalagna, vidhavAvivAha, jJAtiprathA, aspRzyatAnivAraNa, strIne samAjamAM sthAna, paradezagama, paDadAprathA vagerene lagatA sudhArAo kAyadAo dvArA karyA hatAM. A sudhArAo karavAmAM temaNe potAnI niraMkuza sattAno upayoga karyo na hato. lokonAM hRdayamAM utAravA mATe upadeza, samajAvaTa, vyAkhyAna, lakhANono upayoga karatA ane jayAre samajUtInA mArgano avakAza ja na hoya tyAre sattAno upayoga karIne kAyado karatA. 1986mAM pharajiyAta zikSaNano kAyado karyo tethI temanA vahIvaTa daramyAna thayelAM navA kAyadAonuM pAlana rAjayamAM khUba ja suMdara rIte thayuM hatuM. A samaya daramyAna mukhyatve sudhAro lAvavA nIce mujaba kAyadAo amalamAM lavAyA hatAM.* sayAjIrAve samAjamAM vidhavAvivAha rUDhivirUddha gaNAto hoI bALavidhavAone potAno Akho janmAro vidhavyamAM pasAra karavo paDe nahIM eTalA khAtara vidhavA-vivAha kAyadesara gaNavA mATe "vidhavAvivAha kAyado pasAra karyo hato, jene tA. ra1-3-1901nI AjJApatrikAmAM 'punaHvivAha nibaMdha' tarIke prasiddha karyo hato. samAjano bI. zatru te bALalagna. tethI ja sayAjIrAve bALalagnaprathAno jaldIthI aMta Ave tevI apekSAe bALalagnapratibaMdhaka kAyado pasAra karatAM pahelAM 30-4-1903nI AjJApatrikAmAM teno musaddo Apyo hato. I.sa. 1904nI 21mI julAI ApADha sudi bIjanA roja sayAjIrAve bALalagnaniSedha kAyado pasAra karI samAjasudhAraNAnI dizAmAM bIjuM pagaluM bharyuM hatuM.' sayAjIrAve varNAntara lagna karavAnI muzkelI dUra karavA "aihika lagnanibaMdhano kAyado pasAra karyo hato. I.sa. 1908nI 23mI julAInI AjJApatrikAmAM "aihika lagnanibaMdha" prasiddha karavAmAM Avyo, jeno amala 9mI oNgasTamAM karavAmAM AvyAM. kAyadAnI kalamomAM avAranavAra pheraphAra thatAM rahyo. 1908thI 1938-39nAM varSa daramyAna aihika lagnanAM kAyadA heThaLa 38 lagno thayAM hatAM. sayAjIrAve I.sa. 1929nI ra1mI mArce lagnaviccheda nAmanA kAyadAno musaddo AjJApatrikAmAM prasiddha karAvyo ane te vize be mAsanI mudatamAM lokamata maMgAvavAmAM Avyo hato. lokamatanA 25 matamAM phakta cAra vyaktioe kAyadAnI jarUra nathI evuM jaNAvyuM hatuM. pariNAme kAyadAno musado taiyAra karI nyAyamaMtrI kacerInA TippaNa aMkamAM 3484 tA. 6-12-1927nAM roja sayAjIrAva gAyakavADanI maMjUrI mATe mukavAmAM Avyo. je musaddo taiyAra karavAmAM Avelo te The Indian Divorece Act nA AdhAre ghaDavAmAM Avyo hato. A musadAmAM hiMdu, musalamAna, khristI, pArasI dareka komane lAgu paDe te aMgenA judAM pathika 7 phebruArI-1998 0 11 For Private and Personal Use Only

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judAM dhoraNo apanAvyAM hatAM ane tenA upara pharIthI lokamata levA mATe e 11mI mArca 19ra9nI AjJApatrikAmAM prasiddha karavAmAM Avyo. I.sa. 1930nI 31mI jAnyuArIe dhArAsabhAnI khAsa beThaka A musadAne kAyadAnuM svarUpa ApavA mATe maLI ane musaddA para vicAra karI tA. 15-5-1930nI AjJApatrikAmAM prasiddha karyo. chevaTe 6 navembara 1930nI dhArAsabhAmAM A musadAnuM vAcana thayuM ane e 13 viruddha 4 (cAra) matathI pasAra thayo ane tene kAyadAnuM svarUpa ApavAmAM AvyuM. tene 28mI jAnyuArI 1932nAM roja "hiMdu lagna vicacheda nibaMdha tarIke prasiddha karavAmAM Avyo. A kAyadAthI hiMdu lokone lagnabaMdhanamAMthI mukta thavAnuM pITha- baLa maLyuM hatuM. Ama sayAjIrAve strI jAgRti, strI utkarSanI dizAmAM eka vadhu pagaluM bharyuM hatuM. tema kahI zakAya. vaDodarAmAM sayAjIrAva pAse I.sa. 1902mAM rA.rA. dinazA ratanajI dAbue pArasI lokonAM lagna ane lagnaviccheda aMge kAyado karavA mATeno musaddo rajU karyo hato. te musadA upara lokamata maMgAvavA mATe AjJApatrikAmAM prasiddha karavAmAM Avyo, paraMtu A bAbata koI sUcano Avela na hatAM. tyAra pachI tA. 14-7-1921nA roja bharAyelI dhArAsabhAmAM A musado rajU karavAmAM Avyo hato. A mATe eka kamiTI paNa nimAI hatI. sayAjIrAvanI icchA anusAra uparyukta kamiTIe rajU karelA musaddAmAM keTalAMka mahattvanAM dhoraNo dAkhala karavAmAM AvyAM hatAM." Ama A musaddAmAM mahattvanAM dhoraNo dAkhala karI sayAjIrAva vatI dIvAna vI.TI. kRSNamAcArIe pArasIlagna ane lagnaviccheda' nibaMdhane pamI jUna 1935nAM roja hajura oNrDara naM. 564 thI pasAra karyo, jeno cAra julAI 193panAM rojathI amala karavAmAM Avyo hato. Ama sayAjIrAva potAnA rAjayamAM rahetI prajA pachI te koI paNa komanI hoya tene sahAyabhUta thavAmAM rasa dharAvatA hatA. sayAjIrAvanA zAsana daramyAna jJAtinuM baMdhAraNa sapta hatuM. lagna jevI pavitra ane mahattvanI bAbatamAM paNa jJAtibaMdhano hatAM. AvI sAmAjika rIta-rasamomAMthI lokone choDAvavA sayAjIrAve "jJAti-trAsanivAraNa" nibaMdhano musado tA. 30-3-1933nI AjJApatrikAmAM prasiddha karI tenA upara lokonAM sUcano maMgAvyAM hatAM. jemAM 14 tarapheNa 10 viruddhanAM hatAM tene maMjUra karavA dhArAsabhAmAM 20-5-1933nAM roja rajU karavAmAM Avyo. temAM keTalAka pheraphAra karI musado maMtrImaMDaLanA hukama 180-8612-6-1933 thI maMjUra karavAmAM Avyo, jenA upara pharIthI lokamata meLavavA tA. 13-7-1933nA roja AjJApatrikAmAM prasiddha karavAmAM Avyo hato. A musaddo tA. 9 okaTobara 1933nI dhArAsabhAmAM carcA mATe rajU thayo hato temAM keTalAka pheraphAra karI musaddAne kAyadA tarIke maMjUra karavAmAM Avyo hato. 20 A kAyadAmAM 1938mAM thoDoka pheraphAra karavAmAM Avyo hato. Ama A kAyadAthI prajAne jJAtinAM baMdhanomAMthI kaMIka aMze rAhata maLI hatI. A kAyado vaDodarAnI sAmAjika pragatimAM yazasvI pagaluM kahI zakAya, sayAjIrAve samAjamAM kAyadAthI sudhArA karI prajAne pAyamAlInA paMthe laI jatA trAsadAyaka rivAjonI beDImAMthI mukta karI, paraMtu A samayanAM keTalAMka rUDhi-rivAja aMge kAyado na karatAM paheluM karI batAvavuM ane pachI kahevuM tathA jevu bole tevuM cAle, tenA caraNamAM mastaka name e sadbhakti potAnA AcaraNamAM utArI. temanI A nItinA saMdarbhamAM temaNe 'paDadAprathA', 'paradezagamana' jevI bAbatomAM potAnuM ja udAharaNa pUruM pADyuM hatuM. - sayAjIrAva AvA pragatizIla vicAra dharAvatA hoI temaNe A samaya daramyAna sAmAjika kSetramAM ghaNA sudhArA karyA, jenI noMdha ahIM karI ja che, paNa e sivAyanA keTalAka sudhArA temaNe prajAne ApyA. jemAM (1) anAthagRha saMbaMdhI, (2) anAthabAlikAgRha saMbaMdhI, (3) orata kajo levA saMbaMdhI, (4) bAlasaMrakSaNa saMbaMdhI, (5) khoTA jayotiSIonA kathana aMge, (6) raDavA-kUTavAno rivAja para ane (7) AMtarajAtIya lagna protsAhana ApavAno samAveza thAya che. Ama sayAjIrAvanA sAmAjika sudhArAonA vicAronuM bIja ropAyuM hatuM, to pazcimanI vicAradhArAmAMthI pathika 9 phebruArI-1998 0 12 For Private and Personal Use Only

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lIdheluM chatAM temaNe pazcimanuM AdhaLuM anukaraNa kadI na karyuM. teo mAnatA ke kAyado samAjasudhArAnI jananI che, paraMtu kevaLa dhArAo ghaDavAthI ja samAjaparivartana lAvI zakAtuM nathI. teo mAnatA ke zikSaNa ane anubhavo dvArA jayAMsudhI prajAnuM mAnasa na badalAya tyAM sudhI kAyadAonI jhAjhI asara thatI nathI. A ja kAraNathI temaNe kAyadAo sAthe sAmAjika pravRttio dvArA samAjamAM vividha aMga-upAMgo sAthe anusaMdhAna karavAnA bhagIratha prayAso karyA. Aje vaDodarA nagarI gujarAtanAM sAMskRtika pATanagara tarIke oLakhAya che. vaDodarAne A sthitimAM lAvanAra sAcA arthamAM mahArAjA sayAjIrAva gAyakavADa hatA. pAdaTIpa 1. yu. rA. dAte, zrI sayAjI gauravagraMtha, vaDodarA, 1933, pR. 84 ejana, pR. 85 gokaLadAsa zAha, zrI sayAjIrAva gAyakavADa, eozrInA vyAkhyAno tathA bhASaNI bhAga-2, vaDodarA, 1935, pR. 206 ejana, pR. 210 sayAjIrAvanA zAsanakALamAM kAyadA mATe "nibaMdha' zabdano ullekha rekorDamAM jovA maLe che. AjJApatrikA eTale gaeNjheTa, vaDodarA rAjyamAM tene "AjJApatrikA' tarIke oLakhatAM. nyAyamaMtrI kacerI phAIla naM. 221ra, 1902-03, pR. 23. AjJApatrikA, 1904, bALalagnaniSedhanibaMdha 8. vaDodarA rAjaya eDaminisTreTIva riporTa, 1938-39, pR. 39 9. nyAyamaMtrI kacerI, phAIla naM. 406, 1928-29, pR. 315 10. ejana, pR. 65 11. ejana, pR. 616 12. ejana, pR. 22 13. nyAyamaMtrI kacerI, phAIla naM. 407, 1930-31, pR. 1603, pR. 1905 14. nyAyamaMtrI kacerI, phAIla na. 408, 1930-31, pR.1603, hiMdu lagnaviccheda nibaMdha. 15. nyAyamaMtrI kacerI, daphatara naMbara 366, phAIla naM. 7, 1933-34, pR. 134 16. ejana, pR. 135 17. ejana, pR. 149 AzIrvAkiyA 18. caMdulAla mohanalAla modI, dhArApothI yAne saraLa kAyadA, vaDodarA, 1947, pR. 75 19. nyAyamaMtrI kacerI phAIla, naM. 422, 1932-33, pR. 270 20. ejana, pR. 273 21. vaDodarA rAjaya eDaminisTrezana riporTa, 1938-39, pR. 40 pathika 1 phebruArI-1998 0 13 For Private and Personal Use Only

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'gujarAtamAM Adhunika saMskRta - kavitAmAM abhinava prayogakartA- 'harSadeva mAdhava' - DaoN. navanIta joza Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir gujarAtamAM saMskRta-kavitAonuM mAhaula ja nathI chatAM saMskRta kAvyakSetre gujarAtanuM pradAna nathI ema paNa kahI zakAya tema nathI. A kSetre pUrvakALamAM paNa aneka racanAo gujarAtanA kavioe saMskRta kAvyasAhityane ApI che, to Adhunika yugamAM paNa DaoN. rAjendra nANAvaTI, umA dezapAMDe, DaoN. harSadeva mAdhava vagere jevA ghaNA kavi-pravaro pratinidhitva kare che. samAja haMmezAM parivartana jhaMkhe che ane sAthe sAthe parivartita thAya che. samAjanAM darpaNarUpa sAhitya- parivartananI A mAMganA kAraNe ja samaye-samaye sAhityamAM paNa abhinava prayogo thatA rahe che ane saMskRta-sAhitya paNa AmAMthI bAkAta nathI. rAMskRta bhASA Aje tenAM prAcIna gauravabharyA sthAnethI vyuta thaI hovA chatAM paNa pUrNapaNe jIvaMta che. Aje paNa teno sAhitya-nidhi vividha kAvya-prakArothI satata chalakAlo rahe che eTaluM ja nahIM, keTalAye abhinava prayogo paNa temAM thAya che, je saMskRta bhASAne 'mRta' jAhera karanArAone jaDabAtoDa javAba Ape che. saMskRta-kavitAmAM abhinava prayogo karanArAomAM gujarAtanA kavi harSadeva mAdhavanuM sthAna mokharAnuM che. karmathI prAdhyApaka evA A kavi mULa saMskRtanA nahIM evA aneka kAvya-prakArone saMskRtamAM lAvyA che. bhAratanI prAdezika bhASAonA ja mAtra nahIM, paNa aneka videzI kAvya-prakAroneya saMskRta-kAvyanA rUpamAM prayojIne temaNe saMskRtamAM abhinAvinyanI sAthe AdhunikatA lAvavAmAM mahattvanuM yogadAna ApyuM che. temanA vize DaoN. aNodaya jAnInuM kathana che ke gujarAta meM zrI harSadeva mAdhavane mono imeja kAvya, tAnkA, hAiku kAvyoM kA sarvaprathama prayoga karake saMskRta sAhitya meM AdhunikatA lAne kA bar3A yogadAna diyA hai / ' (DaoN. aruNodaya jAnI, 'saMskRta vitA meM nUtana pravAda', 1986). (4) lagabhaga paccIsa varSathI kAvya-racanA karatA A kavie saMskRta-kAvyakSetre itihAsa sarjyo che. atyAra sudhImAM kavinAM (1) rathyAsu nambrelAMnAM zirALAm, (2) anindrA, (rU) zabdAnAM nizciopu ZsAva paDyu, muLayA, (1) vAra vidhA: svapnamayA: parvatA:, (6) vRnnatA ane (7) AsIttra mai manasi jevA sAta saMskRtakAvyasaMgraho prakAzita thaI cUkyA che.'mRgayA' ne 'kalpavallI' nAmano rASTriya puraskAra prApta thayo che. gujarAtamAM saMskRta-kAvya lakhavuM, e paNa eka mahanIya kArya lekhAtuM hoya tyAre temAM AdhunikatA lAvavAnI ke abhinava prayogo karavAnI to vAta ja zI ? tethI ja DaoN. harSadeva mAdhavanuM A kavikarma kharekhara prazaMsanIya che. temaNe aneka laghukalpana kAvyo, hAIku, tAnkA kAvyo vagereno suMdara viniyoga saMskRta-kavitAmAM karyo che. videzI bhASAomAMthI ApaNe tyAM aneka kAvya-prakAro AvyA che, paNa harSadeve Adhunika saMskRtamAM sijo kAvya ragavAnI je pahela karI che te atyaMta AnaMdanI tathA gujarAtane mATe gaurava levA jevI bAbata che. ko vadet sijo kAvyamAM mULa sillA sAmrAjya (i.sa. 668 thI 936)nAM prAcInatama gIto ghAMgakA ane kAryo rAjya (I.sa. 918-1392)nAM gadyakAvyomAM joI zakAya che. emAM traNa lITInI eka kaDImAM lagabhaga 45 varSo hoya che; jema ke kavinA 'ttAvArasavidhA: svapnamayA: parvataH:' nAmanA kAvyasaMgrahamAMnuM A sio-kAvya 'paTena saha nirmatA: vayaM, na prApta natam ! kasmai pRcchAmaH, pathika 7 phebruArI-1998 0 14 For Private and Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra 'kumbhastrAne magnAH sarve klinnazarIya yAtAH / dhAvanti gAyanti strAnti mujavRSNiA - tAm nAbdhiH karoti taTastu vRthaiva kolAhalam // ' ahIM kavie paMdara-paMdara akSaronI traNa lITImAM 45 varNo prayojyA che. 15 akSaronA traNa paMktinA A kAvyamAM pahelImAM viSayano uMdhADa, bIjImAM eno vikAsa ane trIjImAM camatkRti evo krama jovA maLe che. siokAvyanA varNonI saMkhyA kadAca thoDI vattI ochI hoya, paNa kaDI to traNa paMktinI ja hoya che; jema ke kavinA e ja kAvyasaMgrahamAMnuM eka anya sijo kAvya : kiM trAtAH khalu srAtA: ? mayi mRttikAgarbhe mAyA: dhAya gAtA: 5' 'nA zavarSA: anibhAnA maMtraNA | zauryanAdAH / rodanAni nAzayuktA yaMtraNA / asti rAtryAM snehazabde A kAvyamAM prathama be paMktiomAM paMdara-paMdara akSaro che, jyAre trIjI paMktimAM mAtra cauda ja akSaro che. chatAM tenuM sijo kAvya-svarUpa jokhamAtuM nathI. ughADa, vikAsa ane camatkRtino krama bhAvakane sAdyanta jakaDI rAkhe che. potAnAM sijokAvyamAM harSadeve sirjAnAM sAmAnya svarUpane svIkAryuM hovA chatAM tenuM saMskRtakarma karatI vakhate keTalAka noMdhanIya pheraphAro paNa karelA che, je tenAM abhinavaprayogahArdane pradarzita kare che, jema ke - vIratAyA: preraNA / / ' - kAvyamAM gajhalanI gAlagAgA, gAlagAgA, gAlagAgA, gAlagA jevI khaMDita rudanathI yukta sumadhura ramala musammana maheku baheranuM suMdara mizraNa kavinuM potAnuM che, to kyAMka teNe gItanA layane paNa prayojyo che. A kAvyonuM viSaya-vaividhya paNa dhyAnAkarSaka che. emAM yuddhanI svataMtratAnI ke tAttvika anubhavanI vAta che to AzramanA zAMta dezyanuM Alekhana paNa che, to vaLI keTalAMka jIvananA sanAtana satyone rajU karatAM kAvyo paNa che. sio-kAvya-svarUpa saMskRta-kavitAne mATe taddana navuM ja hoI kavi tenA dvArA saMskRta-kAvyane eka nUtana keDI kaMDArI Ape che. navinatAnI sAthe ja AdhunikatA paNa lAvavAno kavino umadA yana A dvArA sArthaka thato jovA maLe che. nUtana prayoga tarIke saMskRtamAM sijo kAvyanI racanA sarvathA AvakArya che. eka vIsamI zatAbdInA AraMbhe ejharA pAunDa nAmaka pazcimanA kavie laghukalpana kAvyo (Mono Image Poems) no yuga zarU karyo. A prakAranAM kAvyomAM koI eka viSaya(biMba)ne laIne tenI judI judI kalpanA (Image) jovA maLe che. jema hAiku kAvyo TUMkAM hovA chatAM mArmika ane sAragarbhita hoya che tema A kAvyo paNa laghukAya hovA chatAM garbhita arthachaTAvALAM ane pANIdAra motI jevAM sohAmaNAM hoya che. saMskRta-sAhityamAM laghukalpana kAvyono sarva prathama prayoga karanAra paNa DaoN. harSadeva mAdhava ja che. temaNe anekAneka viSayone laIne e vividha laghukalpanAo dvArA rajU karyA che. pathika 7 phebruArI-1998 15 For Private and Personal Use Only

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kavino sAtamo kAvyasaMgraha 'jhInheM meM masi ' prathama mono imeja kAvyasaMgraha che. soLa pAnAMomAM vaheMcAyelAM A kAvya-saMgrahamAM viSayo paNa soLa che. pratyeka pAnA paranA dareka viSayamAM pAMca-sAta laghukalpana kAvyo che. hRtyam, za, vidyuaupa:, AnanRm, zayanakSa:, mutvapUrNam, gAlA, cItkAra, romA:, smRti: vagere zIrSakona anusaMdhAne racAyelAM kAvyomAM eka ja viSayanI judI judI kalpanAo rajU karIne kavie laghukalpanamAM bahukalpanano viniyoga karyo che. kavinA anya kAvyasaMgraha 'radhdhAsu dhrUvaLanAM zirALAm'mAM paNa uSTra:, dvApara jevA viSayo para laghukalpano rajU thayAM che, jemAM ekalA dvApa: viSaya para ja sATha laghukalpanAo jovA maLe che. eka ja viSayane laIne racAyelAM vividha kAvyomAM bhAvavaividhya to dekhAya ja che, uparAMta kalpanAnAM uDDayano ane rajUAtanI saraLatA temaja sacoTatA paNa dhyAnapAtra che. saraLa saMskRta dvArA rajUAtane lIdhe sAmAnya saMskRta jANanAra bhAvaka paNa kAvyanA rasane ke bhAvane pAmI zake che - mANI zake che, ane emAM ja emanI kAvyaracanAnI sArthakatA che. temanA kAvyasaMgraha 'bAsInna me masi' ne saMskRtano prathama mono imeja kAvyasaMgraha gaNAvIne tenI phalazruti ApatAM pro. madhusudana vyAsa lakhe che ke - 'Adhunika saMskRta kavi harSadeva mAdhavanAM atre saMgrahIta laghukalpana kAvyo (Mono Image poems) eka judI ja bhAvabhUmimAM vAcakone laI jAya che, ema darzAvavuM ayogya nahIM gaNAya.' (pro. madhusUdana vyAsa, 'saMskRtamAM prathama mono imeja saMgraha 'AsIcca me manasi'', buddhiprakAza, jAnyu.97) abhinAvinyanA prayoganI kavinI A paraMparA mAtra kAvya-prakAro pUratI ja sImita nathI, paraMtu aneka videzI graMthonAM kathA-saMdarbho, pAtro, temanAM bhAva-saMvedano, videzI nagaro, parvato, nadIo vagerene paNa temaNe potAnAM kAvyomAM TAMkyAM che. A aMge paNa prA. madhusUdana vyAsa anyatra noMdhe che ke 'Harshdev Madhav has verious types of skil to write poems. He has used Greek Mythology. We find names of Greek Goddesses in his collection- 'zAnAM nikSipu dhvaMsAvazeSapu' in some poems we can find mytholog cal references viv dly. See the fifteenth poem titled as " yuddhadeva Agata: '. We can observe that zeus, Apolo, Delf are the names of Greek Gods and Goddesses. these types of myths are rare in Sanskrit.' (Prof. Vyas Madhusoodan M., Harshadev Madhav - An valuat on of modern Sanskri Poet', Summery of papers, Xth, world conference, Bang ore. 1996.) kavinA 'stanandrA' kAvyasaMgrahamAM 'vi', 'ttava nAma', 'vita' vagere kAvyo AnAM udAharaNo che. saMskRta graMthomAM A eka asAdhAraNa prayoga che. 'yathA TI. esa. IliyaTamahodayaH gaGgAhimAlayaprabhRtibhAratIya pratIkAharaNavazAt AMglakaviSu sarvathA vilakSaNo gaNyate tathaiva harSadeva mAdhavo'pi bhAratetarabahurASTrabhAvasaMvedanAni svAyattIkurvanvartamAnasaMskRtakAvyakArepu vilakSaNa eva pratIyate !' (sAgarikA, pR. 102, jAnyu. 1994) * evuM AbhirAja DaoN. rAjendra mizranuM A kathana kavinI vilakSaNatA ane maulikatAnuM paricAyaka che. Ama, gujarAtanA A gauravazALI kavie saMskRta-kavitAne AdhunikatAthI sajAvIne Adhunika anya bhASAonI kavitAo sAthe eka ja haroLamAM besADavAno atyaMta saphaLa prayata karyo che te kevaLa stutya ane abhinaMdanIya ja nahIM, paraMtu anukaraNIya paNa che. temanuM A kavikarma saMskRta kAvyakSetre gujarAtane aneruM ane cirasthAyI gaurava pradAna karanAruM che. The. 'puruSArtha', thANA roDa, ji. amarelI, bagasarA-365440 pathika 7 phebruArI-1998 7 16 For Private and Personal Use Only

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phebruArI 98 Reg. No. GAMC-19 lAjatIdAma ane uttala kAma, 'binalalAve. rAkRdhibharyuvAna. ( kudaratI khAtara ) 1 ki.grA. poliyesTara pAuca pekamAM 9 5 ane pa0 kiM.grA. ena.DI.pI.I, begamAM MINZYME SUPER PLANT GROWTH PROMOTER viziSTa yuriyA koTiMga pAvaDara, nukazAnarahita, jaMtu-pratirodhaka, harbala ane bAyoDIgreDebala che, vanaspati vRddhivardhaka 500 grAma ane 1 ki.grA. poliyesTara pAya pekamAM 100, 200, 500 mI.lI. 1 lITara ane 5 lITaranA pekamAM tIva ejhADirekTIva (harbala proDakTasa) pravAhI ane dANAdAra 100, 500 mI.lI., 1 lITara ane 5 lITaranA pemAM eprinala oIla enDa TI IDIA mALa, popyulara hAusa, Azrama roDa, amada-g:-9oona : 951pa, 94ra3322, 44804 - pharI 6813723 = ' 1 ' meM kI For Private and Personal Use Only