________________
(3) Page 162- ''The structure of the neutron shows that it is an example of a snigdha particle combining with a Rūksa particlea proton combining with an electron in close union.... 'The nuclei of modern atoms are also an aggregation of protons, neutrons and Mesons, and therefore serve as examples of Snigdha combining with Rūksha.... In the formation of molecules from atoms we again see the union of Snigdha and Rūksa atoms.... a crystal of common salt (sodium chloride) is composed of atoms of sodium and chlorine. When it is dissolved into water, it dissociates into positive (snigdha) ions of sodium and negative (Rūkșa) ions of chlorine." (4) Page 162-"Sodium atoms combining with chlorine atoms is a case of snigdha uniting with Rūksa, whereas two oxygen atoms combining with each other to form a molecule of oxygen is a casei of Rūkșa uniting with Rūkșa." (5) Pages 164, 165 - "7 HERMO11-14 ( 7 GERTU ETA 410Ti pret 49fa1) " (The ultimate elementary particles at the lowest energy level do not unite at all.) In other words, we should expect to find electrons and positrons in perfectly free state as well and so it is. We quote the following from The Advance Text-book of Magnetism and Electricity: "Conduction of electricity in electrolytes and in gases is effected by positively and negatively charged carriers called ions. In liquids the ions are free charged atoms or groups of atoms; in gases the negative ion is an electron loaded up by having attached to it one or more neutral atoms (at low pressures the electron throws off its attendant neutral atoms and travels alone), whilst the positive ion is an atom which has lost one electron. The conduction of electricity in solids is also effected by carriers but the latter in this case consist solely of free electrons." Further in the same book the author adds that these free electrons in metals are not only responsible for the conduction of electricity but that in the light of modern work there is every reason to believe that the electrons in the metals are the essential agents in the heat transference“ also. Also the positrons have been found to occur in a free state in Nature. In fact their first discovery was made by Anderson in a stream of cosmic rays. The Jain conception of different energy levels associated with the
THÚ YF1 3706 - Hatare, 2003 D
61
Jain Education International
For Private & Personal Use Only
www.jainelibrary.org
