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CHAPTER THREE
Sernion on yatidharma (79-90) So addressed by the prince, the great muni, the enemy of Māra (Kāma), replied in a voice deep as the thunder of a new cloud :
“The sources of pride-youth, power, beauty, etc.-- have become subdued from penance, like evil spirits of a sorceror reduced to servitude from the power to summon them. 418 Yatidharma, handed down orally by the Blessed Ones, is the best boat without impediments for crossing the ocean of samsāra. Control, truthfulness, purity, chastity, poverty, austerities, forbearance, humility, sincerity, and freedom from greed are the ten divisions. Control (samyama) is said to take the form of avoidance of injury to living creatures. Truthfulness (sunţta) takes the form of avoidance of false speech. Purity (śauca) is perfect purity of control from the refusal of gifts not given. 414 Chastity (brahma) is the restraint of the senses accompanied by the nine guptis.415 Indifference to the body is considered poverty (akiñcanatā).418 Austerities (tapas) are twofold, outer and inner, as follows: complete fasting, partial fasting, limitation of food, giving up choice food, bodily austerities, and avoidance of unnecessary motion are called outer austerities; confession and penance, service to others, study (of sacred texts), reverence, 417 indifference to the body,'18 pure meditation are the six inner austerities. Forbearance (kşānti) is endurance by restraint of anger in strength or weakness. Humility (mārdava) is the avoidance
418 80. With double use of sadhana. 414 84. I.e., honesty.
416 84. See I, p. 452. Uttar., Chap. 16, gives a list almost identical with that of the Sam., but it has to divisions instead of 9.
416 85. Really indifference to all bodily comforts and possessions.
417 87. Hem, himself makes vinaya fourfold : reverence for knowledge, belief, and right conduct, and service to one's superiors. See 1. I. 892. So also T. 9. 23. For other subdivisions, up to 15, see Navatattvasābityasangraha, 2, p. 44.
418 87. Vyutsarga=kāyotsarga.
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