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614.
What is "scripture obstruction" (Agam Badhit)?
When there is scriptural obstruction in achieving the goal, then it is called scripture obstruction. For example, an inauspicious activity gives happiness, because whatever activities are there, can produce happiness. For example auspicious act also produced happiness. Here the scripture obstruction exists because in the scripture it says that the inauspicious activities are what produces unhappiness.
615. What is "one's own spoken Words" obstruction (Swavachan Badhit)?
When there is obstruction due to one's own spoken words, then it is called one's own spoken words obstruction. For example, my mother claims to be childless however she does enter a relationship with a man and becomes pregnant. However later fetus is aborted.
616. How many types of inference are there (Anuman)?
There are five types:
1. Proposition (Pratigna) 2. Reason (Hetu) 3. Example (Drastant) 4. Application (Upnaya) 5. Conclusion (Nigamana).
617. What is meant by inference by proposition (Pratigna)?
To structure a reference about a place for things to be proven (Sadhya) is called a proposition. For example, the fire is in this mountain.
618. What is reasoning (Hetu)?
To make explainations about things that prove (Sadhya) is called reasoning. For example, because there is smoke there is fire.
619. What is called udaharan?
Udaharan means to talk about the example, which has invariable concomitance (Vyapti). For example, whenever there is smoke, there is fire. For example in a kitchen, whenever there is no fire, there is no visible smoke, no visible smoke is also true in an example of a pond.
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