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664. What is the analysis of truth by name (Nam nikshepa)?
In this category, only the name is given to a person. The person may not have the attributes suggested by the name. For example, a boy's name is Hathisinha; however, he may not have attributes of a hathi (Elephant) or the sinha (Lion).
665. What is called the analysis of truth by symbol (Sthapana nikshepa)?
In this category, one puts a symbol of something in any substance, which may have form or no form (Sakar or nirakar). For example, to call a marble statue (a symbol) as Lord Parswanath, or pieces on a chessboard an elephant or horse.
666. What is the difference in the analysis of truth by name and symbol?
In a name, one has only the name, which does not gain any associated respect by just the name alone. But, in the symbol, the respect goes along with it. The boy's name Parswanath does not gain respect as Lord Parswanath. However the marble statue does gain the respect of the Lord Parswanath, which it represents.
667. What is called the analysis of truth by potentiality (Dravya nikshepa)?
To believe something in the present time, which actually will be occurring in the future time is called the analysis of truth by potentiality. For example, to call the son of a king as king.
668. What is called the analysis of truth by actuality (Bhav nikshepa)?
To call something in the present time, which actually is occurring now is called the analysis of truth by actuality. For example, to call a person king when he is actually ruling the country.
End of chapter #5.
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