Nyaya Science of Thought

Author(s): Champat Rai Jain
Publisher: ZZZ Unknown

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NYAYA.
jñana. This is pure thought-reading, and is of two kinds, simple and complex.
The simple form of manaḥparyaya jñâna, technically known as rijumati, consists in the knowledge of simple impressions in the mind of another; the complex, called vipulamati, signifies a knowledge of all kinds of thoughts and impressions, whether simple or complex.
CHAPTER XVI.
Parokṣa pramâna signifies valid knowledge which is not characterised by the clarity of pratyakşa. Like pratyaksa, parokṣa, too, is to be known from personal experience, and cannot be described my means of words.
Some philosophers regard paroksa as that form of knowledge which has the general, as opposed
* As a matter of fact, things in nature wear both the general and particular aspects at the same time, so that there can be no general without the particular nor the particular without the general. When the special feature of a thing which distinguishes it from other things of the same description happens to be the object of attention, it is the particular, otherwise, that is to say, when emphasis is to be laid on the properties common to the whole class, it is the general that is the object of knowledge. Whoever has realised the impossibility of the general and the particular existing apart from each other will readily perceive that, like the two sides of a coin, they are the two concomitant, complemental and inseparable aspects which all concrete things wear in nature.