Nyaya Science of Thought

Author(s): Champat Rai Jain
Publisher: ZZZ Unknown

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mind, but is not unlimited like the sakala. It embraces two types of jñâna called avadhi and manaḥparyaya.
Avadhi jnâna (clairvoyance*) is the paramârthika or direct knowledge of material things within certain limits in respect of (i) dravya (substance), (ii) kshetra (place), (iii) kâla (time), and (iv) bhâva (property or nature); and embraces a knowledge of some of the past and future lives of the soul.
Avadhi jñâna, it may be pointed out here, is to be distinguished from the false clairvoyance (Kuavadhi), which, though a kind of pratyakṣa, is not pramâna. Manaḥparyaya jñâna (telepathy)‡ means intuitional knowledge of material things in the minds of others within the same four kinds of limitations as specified in connection with avadhi
THE SCIENCE OF THOUGHT.
* The word clairvoyance, it should be noted, is hardly a suitable equivalent for avadhi jñana which embraces a knowledge of some of the past lives of the soul, but in the absence of a more appropriate term we may as well employ it as such,
†The simple perusal of most of the scriptures of the world would suffice to show that many an honest enthusiast has fallen a victim to this form of ajñana (false clairvoyance), and, unable to distinguish the genuine thing from a baseless substitute, has been led to instal himself, in his mind, as a seer and prophet of a divinity which had no existence whatsoever outside his own imagination.
The word telepathy is adopted subject to the observations made in respect of clairvoyance.