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13 # 22.
3 12
+
:
3
Economic Conditions
capture or kill the animals and earn their living by selling them. Hunting with hounds is also mentioned. Such hunters were called soņiya (saunika), others who captured animals with the help of snares were known as Vāgurika.2 Hunters were differentiated according to the animals or birds they used to catch or kill.3
4
The fowlers (sauniya) are noticed with bow and arrow aiming at partridges, ducks, quails, pigeons, monkeys, and francoline partridges (kapiñjala). * Birds were caught with hawks (viḍamsiya), trapped in nets (jäla), and captured with the help of bird-lime (leppa).5
Fishermen known as Machchhaghatakas and Kevatas caught fish with hooks (jāla) and in bow-net (maggarajāla) and then cleaned and killed." There were colonies of fishermen who caught fish from rivers and sold them in the market.
LEATHER WORK
Leather industry seems to have been in a fairly advanced condition. The cobbler, known as Chammakāra or Padakūra, manufactured various types of leather goods, but shoemaking was his most important occupation. Shoes were made with skins of lion, tiger, panther, otter, cat, squirrel, and owl. Shoes and slippers could be blue, yellow, red, brown, black, orange, or yellowish. Sometimes they were set with goldio and wrought with various threads."1 Besides shoes, the cobbler also made leather socks,12 shields of hundred layers, and leather
1. Sutra, II. 2. 31.
2.
3.
4.
Brih. Bha, 1. 2766; ya. Bhā, 3. p. 209.
Ja, III. 61; Jā, II. 153. Jā, Nos. 33, 533; Ja, I. 208.
Sutra, II 2 31f.
293
5. Uttara, 19. 65.
6. Ibid, 19.64.
7. Ja 1. 234
S. Mr, V. 2.
9. lbid V. 2. 1-2.
10. Ja, IV. 370; VJ. 370.
II. Ibid. VI. 218.
12. Ibid, V. 45. 13. Ibid, VI. 454.
