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to the south on business. Sopāraya is described as another emporium of trade, a centre which was inhabited by five hundred tradesmen.2 Then there was Surattha3 which was joined with Pāņdu Mahurā by sea. We hear of horse merchants arriving in Bāravai for trade.5 Vasantapura was another emporium whence traders used to journey to Champā.. We hear of a merchant going from Khilpaţthiya to Vasantapura.? Hattisisa was a commercial centre where a number of merchants resided. From here they journeyed to Kāliyadiva where there were rich mines of gold, jewels, and diamonds and which was also noted for horses.8 A merchant named Pālita of Champā went on business to the town of Pihunda or Pithunda a sea-coast town. COMMODITIES OF INLAND TRADE
With regard to inland trade, all we know is that there were several commodities that were exchanged. The sea-faring merchants of Champā loaded their carts with four kinds of goods, viz., that which could be counted (ganima) such as betelnuts etc., balanced (dharima) such as sugar etc., measured (meya) such as ghee, rice, etc., and scrutinized (parichchhejja) such as cloth, jewel, etc. 10 Gold and ivory were carried from Uttarāpatha to Dakshiņāpatha for sale. Cloth seems to be an important exchangeable commodity. Mathurā and Vidiśā are mentioned as textile centres. 11 The country of Ganda was 1. Aua, cha, 472. 2. Bțih. Bhā. I. 2506. 3. Das. chū, p. 40. 4. dīva. chú, II, 197. 5. Ibid, p. 553. 6. Äva. chū, II, p. 531. 7. Ava. Ti, (Hari.), p. 114a. 8. Nāyā. II, p. 201 f. Ullara XXI. See Indian Culture, XIII, p. 20.
Pithunda is identified with Khāravcla inscription's Pithuda and Ptolemy's Pitundrai, LEVI locates Pitundra in the interior of Maisolia between the mouths of the two rivers, Maisolos and Manadas, i.e., between the delta of the Godavari and Mahanadi ncarly at an equal distance from both. It would therefore be convenient to search for its location in the interior of Chikakole and Kalingapatam towards the course of the river Nāgāvati which also bears the name of Län
guliya. 10 Näya, S, p. 98 I]. vita. Ti, (Hari.), p. 307.
