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An Epitome of Jainism (ii) Vows. The vows (vratas) are five, i.e. to be free from:
Injury (Himsa), Falsehood (Anrita), Theft (Steya), Unchastity (Abrahma), and
Worldly attachment (Parigraha). For the fixing of these five vows in the mind, there are five kinds of meditation (bhâvanâ), for each of the vows. The five meditations for the vow against injury are :
1. Vággupti, Preservation of speech; 2. Manogupti, Preservation of mind; 3. frya, Care in walking; 4. Âdâna-nikṣepaņa-samiti, Care in lifting and laying down things; and
5. Âlokitapâna-bhojana, Thoroughly seeing to one's food and drink. The five meditations for the vow against falsehood are
1. Krodha-pratyakhyana, Giving up anger; 2. Lobha ),
» » greed; 3. Bhirutva »
„ „ cowardice or fear; 4. Hasya
„ „ frivolity; and 5. Anuvichi-bhâsana, Speaking in accordance with scriptural injunctions. For the vow against theft, the five meditations are 1. Sûnyágâra, Residence in a solitary place, like a mountain,
cave, etc., 2. Vimochitâvâsa, Residence in a deserted place; 3. Paroparodhákaraṇa, Residence in a place where one is not likely to
be prohibited by others, nor where one should be likely to prohibit
others; 4. Bhaiksya-suddhi, Purity of alms according to the scriptures; 5. Sadharma avişamvada, Not disputing with one's co-religionists, as to
"mine" and "thine". For the vow against unchastity, the five meditations are : 1. Strirága-kathâ-śravaņa tyaga, Renouncing of (reading or hearing)
stories exciting attachment for women; 2. Tan-manohara-anga-nirikșaņa tyága, Renouncing of seeing their
beautiful bodies; 3. Pûrva-ratânu-smaraņa tyâge, Renouncing of thinking over, remembr
ance of past enjoyment of women; 4. Vrisyesťa-rasa tyâga, Renouncing of exciting and aphrodisiac food or
drinks; and 5. Sva-sarīra-samskära tyága, Renouncing of beautifying one's own body;
self-adornment. For the vow against worldly attachment, the five meditations are: giving
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