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Some Noteworthy Features...
goods and the social relatives and arambha the acts injurious to others Undertaken with a view to satisfying the demands of this attachment.
The above referred passages dealing with parigraha make it clear that by Inanimate (acittavat) and animate (cittavat) objects of parigraha are to be understood the material goods and the social relatives respectively.
The above referred passages dealing with arambha make it clear that the possible objects of arambha are the six types of living beings.
The moral vices later known as kaşāya are referred to several times though not under the common designation kaşāya. But the noteworthy thing is that if in one verse ( 6. 26 ) they are given the ordinary designations krodha, muna, māyā, lobha (and a common designation adhyatma dosa i. e. spiritual demerit ) in three they are given rather peculiar and obscure designations. Thus in 1.2.12 they are respectively called ( in Prakrit) appattiya, viukkassa, nūma, savvappaga, in 1. 4. 12 jalana, ukkasa, nüma, majjhattha, in 9.11 thandila, ussayaņa, paliumcana, bhayana.
As for the 5 maha-avratas they are referred to several times but in most cases in a very cursory fashion. Thus:
(i) in 2.3.3 we have a reference to maha-avratas in general along with rātribhojana Enightly eating).
(ii) in 3.4.8 we have a reference to maha-avratas, in 3. 4.9-18 a long discourse on abrahma, in 3.4.19 a reference to mrşāvāda and adattadana, in 3. 4. 20 a reference to himsāviramaņa.
Gii (111)
1
8. 19 we have a reference to pranāti pāta, adattadana, mysavāda.
(iv) in 9. 2-9 we have a long discourse on ärambha and parigraha in 9. 10 a reference to mộşāvāda, abrahmamana, adattadāna, pränati pāta.
(v) in 16. 2 we have (as in 9. 10) a reference to mrsāvāda etc. There is something suspicious about all these references and in all probability they are all a later interpolation; in any case tbey accord ill with the impor. tance attached to the concept of maha-avratas in the later Jaina speculation.
Chapter 3 is devoted to an exclusive treatment of the hardships of monastic life. These hardships are here called u pasarga and the later technical name for the same is parışaha. But the noteworthy thing is that hardly few of the 22 parişahas known to the later authors are recognizable
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