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SVETASVATARA-UPANISHAD.
THIRD ADHYÂYA 1.
1. The snarer? who rules alone by his powers, who rules all the worlds by his powers, who is one and the same, while things arise and exist»,—they who know this are immortal.
2. For there is one Rudra 'only, they do not allow a second, who rules all the worlds by his powers. He stands behind all persons 4, and after having created all worlds he, the protector, rolls it up at the end of time.
39. That one god, having his eyes, his face, his arms, and his feet in every place, when producing heaven and earth, forges them together with his arms and his wings?
1 This Adhyâya represents the Highest Self as the personified deity, as the lord, îsa, or Rudra, under the sway of his own creative power, prakriti or mâyâ.
2 Sankara explains gâla, snare, by mâyâ. The verse must be corrected, according to Sankara's commentary:
ya eko gâlavân îsata îsanîbhih
sarvân llokân îsata isanîbhih. 8 Sambhava, in the sense of Vergehen, perishing, rests on no authority.
+ Here again the MSS. A. B. read ganâs, as a vocative.
• I prefer samkukoka to samkukopa, which gives us the meaning that Rudra, after having created all things, draws together, i. e. takes them all back into himself, at the end of time. I have translated samsrigya by having created, because Boehtlingk and Roth give other instances of samsrig with that sense. Otherwise,'having mixed them together again,' would seem more appropriate. A. and B. read samkukoka.
This is a very popular verse, and occurs Rig-veda X, 81, 3; Vâg. Samh. XVII, 19; Ath.-veda XIII, 2, 26; Taitt. Samh. IV, 6, 2, 4; Taitt. Ar. X, 1, 3.
Sankara takes dhamati in the sense of samyogayati, i. e. he joins men with arms, birds with wings.
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