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INTRODUCTION
ness either for themselves or others. All however do not strictly observe this restriction and the conduct of those amongst Samvegi Sadhus also who take liberties in this respect is not approved of by ideal Sadhus. The fact however that Mantravāda existed and exists amongst Jains cannot be denied by anyone.
We would here note the names of the famous Jain Mantrikas * who flourished since 1080 Vikrama era about which time the Caityavāsis were defeated in the debate as already stated. Yasobhadrasūri of Sāndera Gaccha, who died in 1096 Vikrama era we have already mentioned-(See supra pp. 194 et seq.) Abhayadevasūri, Vīrācārya, Jinadattasūri, Vādi Devasūri, Hemacandrācārya, Malayagiri, Devendrasūri of Nagendra Gaccha of Serisa-Tīrtha fame, Sri Pārsvadevagani alias Candrācārya (Circa 1203 s.y.) author of Upasargaharavrtti and Padmavatyastaka-Vịtti, Sāgaracandrasūri, Amaracandrasūri the author of Bāla Bhārata and several other works, Bālacandrasūri, Dharmaghoșasūri of Tapāgaccha, the Guru of Pethadashah who became very famous by his charities, Devabhadragaņi author of Pratyangira-Kalpa in Prāksta,Pūrņakalasagaņi author of Sri Stambhana-Pārsva-Jina-Stavana with commentary(circa 1307 s. y.) Jinaprabhasūri, Jinakusalasūri, Bhuvanatungasūri and Merutungasūri of Ancalagaccha, Munisundaraşüri Subhasundaragani, Hemavimalasūri, Jinacandrasūri (of Kharataragaccha, a contemporary of Akbar),
* It is not possible to give an exhaustive list, as almost all the Sådhus of note who wrote any work in Sansksta, Prāksta, Apabhramsa, or Gujarăti include obeisance to Sarasvati in the opening benedictory verses. Some like Amradeva and others are kpown as having their distinctive Mantras for worship of Sarasvati, but no Mántric works of theirs are available nor any miraculous achievement of theirs known to us. Even such a prominent personality as Sri Hiravijayasuri though known to have been opposed to performance of miracles or fortune-telling was a Måntrika be having achieved accomplishment in Sūrimantra. (See Hirasaubhāgya poem cantos VIItoIX)Amongst Digambara Jains, besides the author of the present work, Sri Mallişeņasūri,there were before him Sri Elācārya alias Helācārya (who first composed, Jvālāmālini-Kalpa) and Sri Indranandi and after him Sri Subhacandrācārya author of Jnāpārnava and, Bhattāraka Subhacandrācāryā author of Ambika-Kalpa and others.
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