John Stuart Mil Jivan Charit

Author(s): Nathuram Premi
Publisher: Hindi Granthratna Karyalaya
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/010689/1

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HINDUSTAFI CADEMIE Hindi Elcu.cn : Library iic 18 .. FDatabas ... lekhakanAthUrAma premii| AN N GALIZASAGARE ORSR

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hindI-grantha-ratnAkara sarirIjakA dUsarA grantha / jaoNna sTuarTa mil| < > iMglaiNDake suprasiddha tattvajJa aura 'svAdhInatA' Adi aneka granthoMke lekhakakA jiivn-crit| lekhakazrIyuta nAthUrAma premii| prakAzaka hindI-grantha-ratnAkara kAryAlaya, bambaI / mUlya dasa Ane / mAgha 1977 vi0| dvitAyAvRtti pharavarI 1921 * jildasahitakA mUlya 1) rupyaa|

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nivedn| pichalI bAra milakA yaha jIvanacarita 'svAdhInatA ke prAraMbhameM jor3a diyA gayA thaa| parantu abakI bAra ise pRthak prakAzita karanA hI ucita samajhA gyaa| kyoM ki eka to yaha ' sIrIja ' kA dUsare nambarakA grantha hai, isa lie ise pahale granthake antargata rakhanese sIrIjake granthoMkI gaNanAmeM ekakI kamI par3atI hai aura isase grAhakoMko bhrama hotA hai, dUsare isake sAtha rahanese 'svAdhInatA ' kA mUlya aura bhI adhika rakhanA par3atA jo grAhakoMko asahya hotaa| isa AvRttimeM sAdhAraNa saMzodhanake atirikta koI vizeSa parivartana nahIM kiyA gayA hai| kevala pAThakoMke subhIteke lie 'TAipa' bar3A kara diyA gayA hai| -prkaashk|

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svaadhiintaa| jisa mahApuruSakA yaha jIvanacarita hai, usIke likhe hue suprasiddha grantha 'libarTI' ke hindI anuvAdakA dUsarA saMskaraNa chapakara taiyAra hai| yaha anuvAda sarasvatIke sammAdaka aura hindI ke dhurandhara lekhaka paM0 mahAvIraprasAdajI dvivedIkA kiyA huA hai, isa kAraNa bahuta hI sarala tathA sugama hai / isa samaya jaba dezameM cAroM aura svatantratA svAdhInatA aura svarAjya kI dhUma macI huI hai, taba isa granthakA jitanA adhika pracAra ho utanA hI acchA hai / isako par3he binA 'svAdhInatA' kA vAstavika artha aura upayoga samajhameM nahIM A sktaa| pratyeka vicArazIla manuSyako isa granthakA svAdhyAya karanA cAhie aura isake vicAroMkA pracAra karanA caahie| chapAI aura kAgaja bar3hiyA / mUlya 2) sajildakA 2 // ) milake anya grantha / 1 striyoMkI parAdhInatA-anuvAdaka paM0 RSIzvaranAtha bhaTTa bI0 e0) 2 pratinidhi zAsana-kAzIkA chapA huA / mUlya. 2 // ) milanekA patAhindI-grantha-ratnAkara kAryAlaya, hIrAbAga, po0 giragAMva, bambaI /

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jaoNna sTuarTa mil| -0889-980 isa suprasiddha tattvavettAkA janma 20 maI san 1806 ko landana nagarameM huaa| isakA pitA jemsa mila bhI apane samayakA prasiddha tattvavettA thA / usakA jIvanacarita bhI bahuta zikSAprada hai / jemsa milakA pitA eka bahuta hI sAdhAraNa sthitikA dUkAnadAra thaa| usakI zakti nahIM thI ki, apane lar3akeko uccazikSA dilAnekA prabandha kara sake / parantu eka strIne sahAyatA dekara usake lar3akeko eDiMbarA vizvavidyAlayameM bharatI karA diyA / yaha strI udAra aura dharmAtmA thii| usakI icchA thI ki jemsa mila vidyA-saMpAdana karake dharmopadezakakA kArya kare / tadanusAra jemsa milane saphalatAke sAtha

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vidyA prApta kara lI aura dharmasaMsthAmeM praveza karanekI AjJA bhI le lii| parantu itanA par3hanepara bhI use IsAI dharmakI kisI bhI zAkhApara vizvAsa na huA, isa liye usane dharmopadezakakA kArya karanA ucita na samajhA / apane vizvAsake viruddha kisIse kucha kahanA athavA upadezAdi denA use pasanda na thA / pahale kucha samaya taka to vaha adhyApakakA kArya karatA rahA, pIche landanameM Akara kucha dinoMtaka usane grantharacanA karake apanA nirvAha kiyA, isake bAda san 1819 meM vaha IsTa iMDiyA kampanIke AphisameM naukara ho gayA / ___ yUropameM, vizeSa karake iMglaiMDa Adi unnata dezoMmeM, jaba taka puruSa svayaM udarapoSaNa nahIM karane lagatA hai tabataka vivAha nahIM kara sktaa| yadi koI isa prakAra samartha honeke pahale vivAha kara letA hai to samAjameM usakI bahuta nindA hotI hai / parantu jemsa milane naukarIse laganake pahale hI apanA vivAha kara liyA thA aura tabataka usake kaI bAla-bacce bhI ho cuke the| usane apane granthoMmeM jisa matakA pratipAdana kiyA hai usase usakA yaha bartAva bilakula hI ulaTA thA, isameM sandeha nahIM hai / parantu vaha itanA udyogI aura mitavyayI thA ki use apane kuTumbake nirvAhake liye kabhI kisIse RNa nahIM lenA pdd'aa| usane lagabhaga daza varSameM bhAratavarSakA eka vizAla itihAsa likhA hai| ise vaha usa samayameM likhatA thA, jo use apanI naukarI aura kuTumbake prapaMcako calAneke bAda ArAmake liye milatA thaa| isase pAThaka samajha sakate haiM ki, vaha kitanA udyogI aura kAryatatpara thaa| usake dhArmika, naitika aura rAjanaitika vicAra usa samayake logoMke sarvathA viruddha the / isa kAraNa loga use nAstika aura, pAkhaMDI kahate the| parantu vaha isa nindAkI jayA bhI

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paravA na karatA thA aura apane granthoM tathA lekhoMmeM apane vicAroMko khUba spaSTatAke sAtha prakaTa karatA thA / isa spaSTavAditAke kAraNa use kabhI kisI bar3e AdamIse sahAyatA nahIM milii| to bhI vaha vicalita nahIM huA aura apanA kuTumbapoSaNa, baccoMko par3hAnA likhAnA aura granthakartRtva ye tInoM hI kArya barAbara karatA rhaa| isase vaha kitanA dRDhanizcayI thA isa bAtakA patA lagatA hai / milakI gRhazikSAkA prAraMbha / jaoNna sTuarTa milako usake pitA jemsa milane kisI skUla yA kAlejameM par3haneke liye nahIM bhejA / usane use khuda hI par3hAnA zurU kiyaa| tIna varSakI avasthAmeM hI pitA apane honahAra putrako grIka bhASA sikhAne lgaa| lagabhaga pA~ca varSameM usane use ukta bhASAke bahutase gadyagrantha par3hA diye / bApa par3hatA jAtA thA aura jahA~ putrakI samajhameM nahIM AtA thA vahA~ acchI tarahase samajhA detA thA / AThaveM varSa milane laiTina bhASAkA par3hanA prAraMbha kara diyA aura isI samaya bApa use aMkagaNita bhI sikhalAne lagA / yadyapi milakA jI aMkagaNitameM bilakula na lagatA thA, to bhI pitAke kaThora zAsanake kAraNa use vaha cupacApa sIkhanA par3atA thaa| TahalanA aura zikSA / jabataka calane phiranemeM khUba vyAyAma na ho jAtA thA, tabataka jemsa milako anna nahIM pacatA thaa| isa kAraNa vaha hara roja sabere zAma Tahalane jAyA karatA thA aura sAthameM apane putrako bhI le jAtA thA / isa samaya mArgameM vaha una viSayoMpara vyAkhyAna detA jAtA thA jinake samajhanekI putrameM yogyatA ho gaI thii| mauke maukepara vaha aise

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viSaya bhI cher3a detA thA jo kaThina hote the aura unase isa bAtakI jA~ca karatA thA ki lar3akA koziza karake kitanA samajha sakatA hai| isake sivA vaha prAyaH pratidina una viSayoMkA sArAMza bhI sunatA thA jinheM use pahale dina par3hA cukatA thaa| milako a~garejIkI aitihAsika pustakeM par3hanekA bhI zauka ho gayA thaa| unheM vaha khUba jI lagAkara par3hatA thA aura yAda rakhatA thA / Tahalaneke samaya jemsa mila jina viSayoMpara vyAkhyAna detA thA ve prAyaH tAttvika aura gahana hote the, jaise-; sudhAra kise kahate haiM, gavarnameMTakA kyA artha hai, nItike vAstavika niyama kauna kauna se haiM, amuka manuSyakA mana saMskRta ho gayA isakA kyA abhiprAya hai, ityAdi / zikSAmeM saavdhaanii| lar3akeko kauna kauna pustakeM par3haneke liye denA cAhiye, isakA cunAva jemsa svayaM karatA thaa| milake par3haneke liye vaha bahudhA aisI caritAtmaka pustakeM pasanda karatA thA jinase usake cittapara saMkaTake samaya vicalita na honekA aura sAhasapUrvaka kAma karanekA dRr3ha saMskAra ho jAya / jinhoMne pahale pahala amerikAmeM jAkara apanA aDDA jamAyA thA, jalaparyaTana kiyA thA aura pRthvIkI pradakSiNA kI thI, unake carita milako khAsa taurase par3haneke liye diye jAte the| manoraMjana karanevAlI pustakeM bhI use kabhI kabhI dI jAtI thIM, para ve bhI jemsakI pasanda kI huI hotI thIM / putrakA koI vicAra yA vizvAsa bhramapUrNa na ho jAya, jemsa isakI bahuta khabaradArI rakhatA thA / isakA eka udAharaNa suniye:__ a~gareja sarakAra aura amerikAke bIca eka bAtapara jhagar3A ho gayA aura usane itanA ugrarUpa dhAraNa kiyA ki Akhira lar3a bhir3akara

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amerikAke upaniveza svataMtra ho gaye aura ve yUneTeDa sTeTsakI prajAsatAtmaka gavarnameMTake rUpameM pariNata ho gaye / yaha bAta itihAsaprasiddha hai / jaba milako yaha samAcAra mAlUma huA taba usane apane dezake abhimAnake kAraNa sahaja hI yaha vizvAsa kara liyA ki a~gareja sarakArane jo amerikApara kara lagAnekA prayatna kiyA thA, vaha bahuta hI ucita thA / eka dina usane apanA yaha vicAra pitAke sAmane bhI prakaTa kara diyA / parantu use yaha pakSapAtapUrNa vicAra kaise pasanda A sakatA thA ? pakSapAtakI gandha bhI vaha sahana nahIM kara sakatA thA / usane milako acchI taraha samajhA diyA ki tuma galatIpara ho aura isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki tumhArA hRdaya durbala hai| tumheM deza jAti Adike jhUThe abhimAna dabA lete haiM / saMsArameM aise pitA bahuta hI kama mileMge jo apane lar3akoMkI galatI mAlUma honepara saceta kara deveM aura unheM isa prakArase samajhA kara satyapathapara le Ave / adhyApanakA anubhava / jisa samaya milane laiTina par3hanA zurU kiyA usa samaya usake choTe bhAI bhI par3hane yogya ho gaye the / isa liye pitAne unake par3hAnekA kArya usIko sauMpA / yadyapi yaha kArya usane apanI icchAse nahIM kiyA, to bhI use lAbha bahuta huaa| kyoMki dUsaroMko par3hAnese manuSyakA jJAna adhika dRr3ha aura nizcita ho jAtA hai| isake sivA use isa bAtakA bhI anubhava ho jAtA hai ki bAlakoMko kina kina bAtoMke samajhanemeM kaThinAiyA~ AtI haiM aura unheM kisa prakArase samajhAnA cAhiye, jisase unake hRdayameM ve bAteM acchI tarahase jama jAveM / Age grantharacanAke kAryameM milane isa anubhavase bahuta lAbha uThAyA /

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vividha granthoMkA adhyyn| laiTinakI zikSA zurU honepara bhUmiti aura phira kucha dinoMke bAda bIjagaNitakI zikSA milako dI jAne lagI / bAraha varSakI umrameM use grIka aura laiTinakA acchA jJAna ho gyaa| ina bhASAoMke usane prAyaH sabhI prasiddha prasiddha grantha par3ha DAle / arisTATalake (arastUke) alaMkArazAstrakA to usane bahuta hI vicArapUrvaka adhyayana kiyA / jemsa apane isa tIvrabuddhi bAlakase ukta granthoMkA sAra prAyaH pratidina sunA karatA thA aura dekhatA thA ki isakI padArthagrAhiNI zakti kitanI bar3hI huI hai / aitihAsika granthoMkA par3hanA bhI isa samaya milane nahIM chor3A thaa| vaha unheM par3hatA thA aura unake sArAMzake AdhArapara manovinodake liye eka choTese itihAsakI racanA bhI karatA thaa| jaba usane popake. iliyaDa kAvyakA anuvAda par3hA, taba eka choTAsA kAvya banAnekI usakI bhI icchA huI / pitAne usakI isa icchAkA anumodana kiyA aura vaha utsAhita hokara thor3I bahuta kavitA karane lagA / yadyapi isa kAryameM milako bahuta saphalatA prApta nahIM huI, to bhI itanA lAbha use avazya huA ki hRdayake bhAvoMko prakaTa karanevAle samucita zabdoMko yogya sthAnameM biThAnekI zailI use AgaI aura Age isase use bahuta lAbha huaa| isake bAda usane zeksapiyara, milTana, spensara, golDasmitha, DAyaDana, skaoNTa Adi a~garejI kaviyoMke bahutase kAvya par3ha DAle / inameMse skaoNTa kavike kAvya use bahuta hI acche lagate the / itanA saba par3hate rahanepara bhI milako santoSa nahIM thA / dila bahalAneke liye ukta granthoMke sivAya padArthavijJAna-sambandhI granthoM ko bhI vaha akasara par3hA karatA thA / vidyAvyAsaMga isIkA nAma hai|

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khelanA kuudnaa| milako apanI hamajolIke lar3akoMke sAtha khelanA kUdanA kabhI nasIba nahIM huA / usane apane ' Atmacaritra ' meM eka jagaha svayaM likhA hai ki maiMne eka dina bhI krikeTa nahIM khelaa| lar3akapanameM yadyapi vaha bahuta moTA tAjA aura sazakta nahIM thA, tathApi itanA durbala aura azakta bhI na thA ki usake likhane par3hanemeM bAdhA aatii| gahana viSayoMkI zikSA / __ jaba mila teraha varSakA huA taba usake pitAne use gahana viSayoMkI zikSA denA AraMbha kiyA / sabase pahale tarkazAstra zurU kiyA gayA / jaba jemsa Tahalaneko jAtA thA taba vaha yaha jAnaneke liye ki lar3akene pahale dinake par3he hue pAThakA kitanA abhiprAya samajhA hai, lauTa pherakara prazna kiyA karatA thaa| isake sivA vaha lar3akeke jImeM pratyeka paThita viSayakA upayoga bhI acchI tarahase dhaMsA detA thaa| usakA yaha mata thA ki jisa cIjakA upayoga mAlama nahIM usakA par3hanA hI nirarthaka hai / yadyapi yaha bAta nahIM thI ki jina gahana viSayoMko vaha samajhAtA thA ve sabake saba lar3akekI samajhameM A jAte the, to bhI usase lAbha bahuta hotA thA / kyoMki usa samaya milane tarkazAstrake kaI grantha par3ha DAle the aura isase vaha itanA yogya ho gayA thA ki cAhe jaisI pramANazRMkhalA ho usake doSoMko vinA bhUle DhU~r3ha nikAlatA thaa| tarkazAstrakA mahattva milake jImeM itanA gaharA paiTha gayA ki vaha use bAlakoMkI buddhiko saMskRta karaneke liye gaNitase bhI adhika mUlyavAn samajhane lgaa| vaha kahA karatA thA ki, bahutase tattvavettAoMmeM yaha bar3I kamI hotI hai ki ve dUsaroMkI koTike doSa nahIM nikAla sakate haiM / isase ve kevala apane pakSakI hI rakSA

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kara sakate haiM / parantu yaha ThIka nahIM hai| pahale apane pratipakSIkI imAratako DhAnA cAhiye aura phira usapara apanI naI imArata khar3I karanI cAhiye / sAkeTIsa (sukarAta) isI zailIpara calatA thA / yaha zailI taba A sakatI hai jaba tarkazAstrakA abhyAsa aura usakA upayoga lar3akapanase hI karA diyA jAya / tarkazAstrasambandhI granthoM ke adhyayana aura mananase milako jo samaya milatA thA usameM vaha laiTina aura grIka vidvAnoMke granthoMko par3hA karatA thaa| inameMse usane pleToke grantha apane pitAkI siphArizase bahuta hI vicArapUrvaka pddh'e| kyoMki jemsakA vizvAsa thA ki manako acchI tarahase saMskRta karaneke liye pleToke samAna uttama grantha dUsare nahIM haiM / isI samaya, san 1818 meM jemsane apane bhAratavarSake vizAla itihAsako chapAkara prakAzita kiyaa| milane use bhI mana lagAkara par3ha ddaalaa| isake dUsare varSa jemsane IsTa iMDiyA kampanIke AphisameM naukarI kara lI / parantu zikSA usakI barAbara jArI rahI / milako usI varSa usane arthazAstrakA pArAyaNa karA diyaa| isake bAda usane rikArDoke arthazAstrako pddh'aayaa| rikArDo arthazAstrakA prasiddha vidvAn thaa| jemsakI usase gAr3hI mitratA thii| usakA yaha grantha tatkAla hI prakAzita huA thA / parantu jemsako usase santoSa nahIM huaa| vaha koI dUsarA grantha par3hAtA, parantu tabataka koI dUsarA bAlopayogI arthazAstra banA hI nahIM thaa| lAcAra usane Tahalaneke samaya arthazAstrake eka eka viSayako svayaM acchI tarahase samajhAnA zurU kiyA aura phira usI paddhatipara usane ' arthazAstrake mUlatattva ' nAmakI pustaka raca DAlI / isake pIche usane mi0 eDama smithakI banAI huI

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rASTroMkI sampatti ' nAmakI pustaka milako par3hAI aura usameM jo jo bhUleM thIM ve bhI acchI tarahase samajhA diiN| __ isa samaya jemsa kI zikSApaddhati bar3I hI vilakSaNa thI / vaha aisA kabhI nahIM karanA thA ki lar3akeko kisI bAtake samajhanemeM kaThinAI par3I ki tatkAla hI use samajhAkara usa kaThinAIko hala kara diyaa| nahIM, usase jahA~taka banatA thA, vaha pratyeka kaThinAIko hala karaneke liye lar3akekI vicArazaktipara hI bhAra DAlatA thA aura usIke mu~hase usakA vivaraNa tathA samAdhAna sunanekI ceSTA karatA thaa| yadi itanepara bhI bAlaka apanI zaMkAkA samAdhAna na soca sakatA to phira kucha aprasanna hokara samajhA detA thaa| isa utkRSTa zikSApaddhatikA aisA acchA pariNAma huA-milakI vicArazakti itanI bar3ha gaI ki vaha apane pitAke vicAroM takameM kabhI kabhI bhUleM batalAne lagA ! para isase usa nirabhimAnI aura satyapathapradarzaka pitAko kucha bhI kheda nahIM hotA thA-ulaTA harSa hotA thA aura vaha binA saMkocake apanI bhUloMko svIkAra kara letA thaa| gRhazikSAkI samApti aura paryaTana / ___ isa taraha lagabhaga 14 varSakI umrameM milakI gRhazikSAkI samApti huI / isake bAda vaha iMgleMDa chor3akara dezaparyaTanake liye nikalA aura eka varSa taka sAre yUropameM ghuumaa| isa yAtrAmeM usake anubhava-jJAnakI bahuta vRddhi huI / putrake yAtrAse lauTanepara jemsa mila usake vidyAdhyayanapara kevala dekharekha rakhane lagA / arthAt aba usakI yathAniyama zikSA samApta ho gaI aura vaha svataMtratApUrvaka icchita viSayoM kA adhyayana karane lgaa|

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milakA jJAna aura usakI zikSApaddhati / jitanI thor3I umra meM milane tarkazAstra aura arthazAstra Adi kaThina viSayoMkA jJAna prApta kara liyA, utanI thor3I umrameM aura logoMke liye isa bAtakA honA prAyaH asaMbhava mAlUma hotA hai| parantu pAThakoMko yaha bAta dhyAnameM rakhanI cAhiye ki milakA jJAna vaisA nahIM thA jaisA ki hamAre yahA~kI zikSApaddhatike anusAra par3hanevAloMkA hotA hai| usane jo kucha par3hA thA usakA usakI buddhise tAdAtmya ho gayA thaa| usakA bojhA usake dimAgapara bilakula nahIM par3A thA / toteke sadRza raTanA aura rAtadina pustakeM ghokha ghokhakara dimAga khAlI karanA, use kabhI svapnameM bhI nahIM batalAyA gayA thA / vaha pratyeka viSayako samajhatA thA, usakA manana karatA thA aura tarka vitarka karake nirNaya karatA thA; para kabhI raTatA nahIM thA / isIse vaha thor3I umrameM bahuta par3ha gayA aura Age itanA bar3A tattvavettA aura granthakartA huA / yadi usakA pitA usakI zikSApara itanA dhyAna na detA to kabhI saMbhava na thA ki mila aisA nAmI vidvAn hotA hI / vAstavameM use usake pitAne hI vidvAn bnaayaa| jemsakI saavdhaantaa| mere putrake koI vicAra bhramAtmaka na ho jAveM, vaha abhimAnI na ho jAya, ityAdi bAtoMkI ora jemsakA bahuta lakSya rahatA thaa| ekadina mila kisI viSayakA pratipAdana kara rahA thaa| usameM usane eka jagaha kahA ki, " yadyapi amuka siddhAnta tattvata: ThIka hai-parantu vyavahArameM lAte samaya usameM thor3A bahuta antara avazya karanA cAhiye / " yaha sunakara jemsa bahuta hI aprasanna huaa| vaha isa

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11 bAtakA kAyala nahIM thA ki kisI vAstavika vicArakA vyavahArameM kucha parivartana kara DAlanA cAhiye / usane ukta ' tattvata:' zabdako lekara eka lambA caur3A vyAkhyAna de DAlA aura milako samajhA diyA ki tumhArA yaha khayAla bilakula galata aura kamajora hai / Age tumheM aisI ajJAnatAkI bAta na kahanI cAhiye / mujhe isase bahuta duHkha huA hai 1 yadi koI lar3akA choTI umra meM vidvAn ho jAtA hai to use sahaja hI kucha ahaMkAra A jAtA hai| isase usakI vidyAvRddhipara pAnI phira jAtA hai | apanI vidvattAke ghamaMDa meM Akara vaha aura unnati nahIM kara I sakatA / milakA pitA isa viSayameM bar3I hI khabaradArI rakhatA thA / usane jabataka milako par3hAyA, tabataka kabhI usakI bhUlakara bhI prazaMsA nahIM kI / milako kabhI isa bAtakA khayAla hI nahIM ho pAyA ki maiM apanI umrake dUsare lar3akoMse kucha jiyAdA par3hA hU~ / vaha jisa samaya yUropakI yAtrAko nikalA usa samaya jemsane usase kahA - "beTA, tUM apane pravAsa meM dekhegA ki tujhe jina jina viSayoM kA jJAna hai terI umra ke dUsare lar3akomeM unakI gandha bhI nahIM haive unase sarvathA anabhijJa haiM / parantu khabaradAra, tU isakA kabhI garva na karanA / tujhe jo itanA jJAna ho gayA hai, isakA kAraNa terI vilakSaNa. buddhi nahIM kintu merI suzikSA hai / " milake pitA ke dhArmika vicAra | milake jIvanakI eka bahuta vicAraNIya bAta yaha hai ki usako kisI bhI dharmakI zikSA nahIM dI gii| dUsare logoM kI jIvaniyoM meM akasara yaha bAta dekhI jAtI hai ki bAlapanameM usakA kisI na kisI

Page #16
12 dharmapara vizvAsa rahA hai athavA vizvAsa karAyA gayA hai aura Age jaba usakI buddhikA vikAza huA hai taba vaha vizvAsa yA to ur3a gayA hai-yA polA par3a gayA hai / parantu milakI dazA isase bilakula ulaTI huI / isake pitAkA jaisA ki pahale kahA jA cukA hai, IsAI dharmake kisI bhI panthapara vizvAsa na thaa| isaliye usane use dhArmika zikSA bilakula hI nahIM dI / vaha akasara kahA karatA thA ki yaha bAta samajhameM nahIM AtI hai aura na kisI yuktise siddha ho sakatI hai ki jisa sRSTimeM apAra duHkha dekhe jAte haiM vaha kisI sarvazaktimAn aura dayAlu vyaktine banAI hogii| bhalA, yaha kaise mAna liyA jAya ki narakalokakA banAnevAlA dayAlu hai ? itanepara bhI loga eka IzvarakI kalpanA karake usakI pUjA karate haiM / parantu isakA kAraNa yaha nahIM hai ki unhoMne aise vyaktikA honA siddha kara liyA hai| nahIM ve isakA kabhI vicAra hI nahIM, karate haiN| kevala paramparAke anusAra calanekI unakI Adata par3a gaI hai aura kucha nahIM / jemsakA vizvAsa thA ki jo dharma kevala kAlpanika racanA hai-vAstavika nahIM hai-yadi maiM usakI zikSA apane lar3akoko dUMgA to apane kartavyase cyuta ho jAU~gA / isaliye vaha apane lar3akeko samajhAtA thA ki yaha sRSTi kaba, kisa taraha aura kisake dvArA banAI gaI, isa viSayameM sarvatra ajJAna phailA huA hai| " hamako kisane banAyA ?" isa praznakA yathArtha aura yuktisiddha uttara nahIM diyA jA sktaa| yadi kahA jAya ki " Izvarane " to tatkAla hI dUsarA prazna khar3A ho jAtA hai ki, " usa Izvarako kisane banAyA hogA ?" isake sivA vaha yaha bhI batalA detA thA ki Ajataka loga ina pranokA kyA uttara dete Aye haiM / arthAt, judA judA dharmomeM isa

Page #17
13 viSayameM kyA kyA vicAra kiye gaye haiN| isase use judA judA dharmoMkA sAdhAraNa svarUpa bhI mAlUma ho jAtA thA / ___ iMglaiMDake usa yugameM aura vartamAna yugameM jamIna AsamAnakA pharka hai / isa samaya yadi vahA~para koI aisI dhArmika azraddhAkI bAta kahatA hai to vaha bilakula mAmUlI samajhI jAtI hai / kyoMki aba vahA~ vicAra-svAtaMtrya parAkASThApara pahu~ca gayA hai / balki aba to vahA~ hRdayake isa prakArake vicAroMko chupAnA bahuta hI burA samajhA jAtA hai / vahA~ke nivAsI samajhate haiM ki yadi hama apane vicArako samAjake bhayase prakaTa nahIM kareMge to apane kartavyase cyuta ho jaaveNge| yahI kAraNa hai ki aba vahA~ bIsoM saMsthAe~ aisI haiM jo IsAI dharmake. viruddha vicAroMkA pracAra karatI haiM / parantu vaha yuga aisA nahIM thA / usa samaya vahA~ kaTTara IsAiyoMkA khUba hI joro zora thA / dhArmika bAtoMmeM yadyapi vahA~ke zikSitasampradAyake vicAra zithila ho cale the. to bhI aise bahuta kama vidvAn the jo apanI zithilatAko khulamakhullA prakAzita kara deN| parantu jemsa usa samaya bhI bedhar3aka hokara kahatA thA ki merA kisI bhI dharmapara vizvAsa nahIM hai| balki isa bAtako vaha choTe choTe lar3akoMke sAmane kahanemeM bhI nahIM hicakatA thaa| isase pAThaka samajha sakate haiM ki vaha kitanA sAhasI aura satyazIla thA / naitika zikSA / isa prakAra yadyapi milako dhArmika zikSA nahIM dI gaI thI aura use kisI dharmakA anuyAyI banAnekA prayatna nahIM kiyA gayA thA, to bhI usake pitAne use naitika zikSA denemeM koI kasara nahIM raktI thI / nyAyapUrvaka calanA, parimita khAnA pInA, satya bolanA,

Page #18
14 niSkapaTa vyavahAra rakhanA, namra hokara rahanA, apane vicAroMmeM dRr3ha rahanA, udyoga karanemeM kasara nahIM rakhanA, ApattiyoMko zAntatAse sahana karanA, sArvajanika hitake kAryoM meM jI lagAnA, pratyeka vastuko aura manuSyako usake upayoga aura guNoMke anusAra mahattva denA, aura jIvanakA phala zauka yA ArAma karanA nahIM kintu nirantara udyoga karate rahanA hai--ityAdi guNoMse jemsako bahuta prIti thI aura isaliye usane apane laDakeke jImeM ina saba guNoMko acchI tarahase sA diyA thA / pleTo, jhinophana, sAkreTIsa, Adi grIka tattvavettAoMke granthoMne milake cittapara ina guNoMkA aura bhI gaharA prabhAva DAlA / isake sivA svayaM jemsakA bhI caritra bahuta acchA thA / usameM Upara kahe hue prAyaH sabhI guNa maujUda the aura yaha sabhI jAnate haiM ki kore upadezoMkI apekSA udAharaNakA acchA asara par3atA hai / ina saba kAraNoMse milakA naitika AcaraNa bahuta hI acchA ho gayA / akasara logoMko yaha khayAla hai ki dhArmika zikSA na milane yA kisI dharmapara vizvAsa na rahanese manuSyakA caritra bigar3a jAtA hai; parantu jemsane isa khayAlako bilakula galata sAbita kara diyaa| isa samaya bhI iMglaiMDa Adi dezoMmeM jo nAstika aura dhArmika zraddhAse rahita haiM unase bahutoMke naitika AcaraNa kaTTarase kaTTara IsAiyoM tathA dUsare dharmavAloMse acche dekhe jAte haiM ! jemsakI zikSApaddhatikA eka doss| jemsakI zikSApaddhatimeM eka bar3A bhArI doSa thaa| vaha yaha ki usane apane lar3ake para kabhI mamatA yA prIti prakaTa nahIM kii| usakA aisA komala yA snehayukta vartAva na thA ki lar3akA use apanA sakhA yA pyAra karanevAlA samajhakara apane manakI bAteM kaha diyA karatA

Page #19
aura kucha bhaya yA saMkoca na krtaa| parantu isase yaha nahIM samajhanA cAhiye ki usameM yaha guNa thA hI nhiiN| nahIM, isakA eka kAraNa thA / lar3akekI zikSAkA sArA bhAra kevala usake sirapara thA, isaliye use jAna bUjhakara apanI vRtti kucha kaThora banAnI par3I thI / yadi vaha aisA na karatA to usakI zikSAmeM vighna AnekI saMbhAvanA thI / yaha ThIka hai ki lar3akoMko thor3A bahuta "bhaya honA cAhiye, parantu adhika bhaya dikhalAnese hAni hotI hai / lar3akoMke jImeM jo nAnAprakArake tarka vitarka uThate haiM unheM ve bhayake kAraNa apane zikSakoMke sAmane prakaTa nahIM karate haiN| isase unake jJAnameM kamI raha jAtI hai| mila bhI isa hAnise nahIM bcaa| jJAnavRddhike dUsare dvAra / arthazAstrajJa rikArDo, tattvazAstrajJa hyUma aura dharmazAstrajJa benthAma* Adi kaI nAmI nAmI vidvAnoMse jemsakI mitratA thI / inake sAtha usakI akasara zAstrIya carcA huA karatI thI / milakI yogyatA itanI ho cukI thI ki vaha ukta carcAko samajha ske| isaliye vaha bhI isa jJAnagoSTImeM zAmila hotA thA aura apane jJAnakI vRddhi karatA thA / usake caritrapara bhI isa carcAkA acchA prabhAva par3atA thaa| benthAma milako bahuta cAhatA thaa| usakA eka bhAI phrAnsake phaujI mahakamemeM naukara thaa| jaba vaha apane bhAIse milaneke liye phrAnsa gayA taba milako bhI apane sAtha le gayA / milako isase bahuta lAbha huaa| kaI mahIne eka vidvAnake sAtha rahakara usane bahuta kucha anubhava prApta kiyaa| julAI san 1821 meM vaha vahA~se lauTa aayaa| .* upayogitAtattvakA sthApaka bhI yahI benthAma thaa|

Page #20
phrAnsase vApisa Anepara jemsane use apane banAye hue 'arthazAstrake mUlatattva ' nAmaka granthakI kApI dI aura kahA ki tuma isake 'sAIDa noTsa ' likha do / eka pairA ( Para ) meM jo kucha likhA rahatA hai usakA sArAMza bahuta hI thor3e zabdoMmeM samajhAneke liye 'sAiDa noTsa ' likhe jAte haiM / isa prakArake noTsa likhanemeM bahuta parizrama karanA paDatA par3atA hai-buddhiko bahuta jora lagAnA par3atA hai aura isase noTsa likhanevAlekI buddhipara bahuta hI acchA saMskAra hotA hai / ina noToMke likhavAnemeM jemsakA yahI uddeza thA / isake bAda jaba milane phrAnsakI mahAn rAjyakrAntikA itihAsa par3hA tabase usake hRdayapara prajAsattAka rAjyapaddhatikA cirasthAyI mahattva aMkita ho gayA / kAnUna aura benthAmake granthoM kA adhyayana / jemsa cAhatA thA ki merA putra bairisTara ho, isaliye putrane san 1422 meM kAnana paDhanekA prAraMbha kiyaa| isI samaya vaha benthAmake pranthoMko bhI jI lagAkara par3hane lgaa| isase usake maname benthAmakA sthApita kiyA huA upayogitAtattva khUba hI jama gayA / usakA vizvAsa ho gayA ki, isa tattvakA jitanA adhika prasAra kiyA jAyagA aura isake AdhArase niyamoM aura vyavahAroMmeM jitanA sudhAra kiyA jAyagA, mAnava jAtikA utanA hI adhika kalyANa hogA aura usake sukhoMkI utanI hI adhika vRddhi hogii| usa samaya milane yahA~ taka nizcaya kara liyA ki maiM apanI sArI umra isI tattvake pracArameM vyatIta kruuNgaa|

Page #21
mAnasazAstrakA adhyayana, lekhanakalA aura zAstracarcA / isake pazcAt mila laoNka, harTale, barkale, hyUma aura rIDa Adi vidvAnoMke manovijJAnasambandhI granthoMkA adhyayana karane lagA aura isI samayase usane lekha likhanekA bhI prAraMbha kiyaa| aba vaha par3hanekI apekSA likhanekI ora adhika dhyAna dene lagA aura sAtha hI judA judA viSayoMpara vAdavivAda yA saMbhASaNa karanekI ora bhI usane dhyAna diyA / ina donoM sAdhanoMse usakI buddhi aura jJAna donoM paripakva tathA yathArtha hone lge| san 1823 meM usane apane kucha mitroMkI sahAyatAse eka sabhA sthApita kI aura usakA nAma 'upayuktatAtattvavivecinI sabhA' rakkhA / isakI mahIne meM do baiThakeM hotI thIM aura unameM upayuktatAtattvake AdhArase nibandha-vAcana tathA maukhika carcA hotI thii| isa sabhAke dazase adhika membara kabhI nahIM hue| kyoMki usa samaya isa viSayakI ora logoMkI ruci na thI / san 1826 meM yaha sabhA banda ho gii| naukrii| san 1823 meM milane IsTa iNDiyA AphisameM praveza kiyA / isa samaya usakI umra 17 varSakI thii| vahA~ usakI krama kramase unnati hotI gaI aura antameM vaha egjAminarake daphtarakA sabase bar3A adhikArI ho gayA / para san 1858 meM, jaba IsTa iMDiyA kampanI TUTI, taba yaha daphtara bhI uTha gayA aura milako naukarIse alaga honA par3A / saba milAkara usane 35 varSa naukarI kii| jIvikA aura granthAdilekhanasambandhI anubhava / isa naukarIke anubhavase milane yaha mata sthira kiyA thA ki jinakI yaha icchA ho ki hama dina rAtake 24 ghaMToMmeMse . kucha samaya

Page #22
granthAdi likhanemeM vyaya kiyA kareM unheM cAhiye ki ve jIvikAke liye koI aisI hI nirAkulatAkI naukarI talAza kara leM / samAcArapatroM meM lekhAdi likhakara usase udaranirvAha karanA use bilakula pasanda na thA / kyoMki aise lekha eka to jaldI jaldI jyoM tyoM pUre kiye jAte haiM, dUsare lekhakako vahI likhanA par3atA hai jo usa samAcArapatrake pakSake anukUla hotA hai / aura, aisI dazAmeM akasara aise mauke Ate haiM jaba lekhakako apanI sadasadviveka buddhiko eka ora tAkameM rakha denA par3atA hai| isase yadi koI cAhe ki maiM nAmI lekhaka ho jAu~gA-mujhameM uttamottama grantha likhanekI zakti A jAyagI-to yaha usakA bhrama hai| zaktikI vRddhi karanA to dUra rahA, vaha apanI gA~ThakI pU~jI bhI kho baitthegaa| yahI dazA granya-lekhanakI bhI hai| acche granthoMkI kadara honeke liye samaya caahiye| prakAzita hote hI kisI granthakI kadara nahIM hotI hai / parantu jo udaranirvAhake liye grantha likhatA hai use itanA saba nahIM / isalie yaha kArya vaha logoMkI rucikA vicAra karake karatA hai / usakA lakSya isI ora adhika rahatA hai ki merA grantha logoMko pasanda Ave aura usakI vikrI adhika ho| isaliye aise granthoMkA mUlya utanA hI hotA hai jitanA ki use par3hanevAloMse tatkAla hI prApta ho jAtA hai / isase, aura aise hI kaI karaNoMse, milakA yaha siddhAnta ho gayA thA ki granthalekhanakA kArya udaranirvAhake liye na karanA cAhiye / jo isa kAryase sthAyI kIrti upArjana karanA cAhate haiM aura yaha icchA rakhate haiM ki hamAre grantha acche baneM unheM udaranirvAhake liye koI dUsarA udyoga karake usase jo samaya bace usameM granthalekhana yA nibaMdhalekhanakA kArya karanA cAhiye / isase do lAbha hote haiM / eka to yaha ki jo grantha likhe jAte haiM ve logoMkI ruci, bhIti, lihAja

Page #23
yA dabAvakI paravA na karake svasthatA aura svantratAse likhe jAte haiN| jo bAta lekhakako yuktisaMgata aura satya jaMcegI usIko vaha nirbhayatAse likhegaa| aura dUsarA yaha ki udaranirvAhakA svataMtra udyoga grantharacanAka parizramase thake hue mastakako eka prakArakI vizrAntikA kAraNa hotA hai / inake sivAya eka lAbha yaha bhI hotA hai ki lekhakako dUsarA udyoga karanese vyAvahArika bAtoMkA paricaya ho jAtA hai aura isase usake vicAroMke kAlpanika svarUpako vyAvahArikatva prApta ho jAtA hai / usake pratipAdana kiye hue vicAra aise hote haiM jo vyavahArameM Asakate haiM-kevala granthameM likhe rahane yogya nahIM hote / kyoMki vyavahArakA pratyakSajJAna yA anubhava honese vaha yaha samajhane lagatA hai ki amuka siddhAntakA pracAra vyavahArameM ho sakatA hai yA nahIM aura usake pracAra- kauna kauna kaThinAiyA~ A sakatI haiN| jina lekhakoM yA tattvavettAoMko vyavahArakA pratyakSa paricaya nahIM hotA ve apane kalpanAsAmrAjyameM hI masta rahate haiM aura khayAlI pulAva pakAyA karate haiN| apane siddhAntoMkA pratipAdana karate samaya unheM vyAvahArika subhItoM aura kaThinAiyoMkA khayAla hI nahIM aataa| isase unake siddhAntoMkA kevala yahI upayoga hotA hai ki loga unheM par3ha leveN| dUsare udyoga karanevAle vidvAnoMke granthoM yA lekhoMmeM yaha doSa nahIM rahane pAtA / kalpanA aura vyavahArakA virodha unake lekhomeM dhIre dhIre kama ho jAtA hai| lekha likhanekA prAraMbha aura eka navIna mAsikapatra / milane jaba apanA citta adhyayanakI orase haTAkara lekhanakI ora lagAyA taba pahale to usane apane lekha kalpita nAma de dekara samAcArapatroMmeM prakAzita karAye / isake bAda jaba use bodha ho gayA ki

Page #24
20 maiM kucha likha sakatA hU~ taba usane aura usakI mitramaMDalIne eka navIna mAsikapatra nikAlA / usakA nAma rakkhA gayA 'vesTa minisTara rivyU / ' kucha dinoM taka use benthAmane apane nijake kharca se calAyA usakA sampAdana karaneke liye benthAmane milake pitAse bahuta Agraha kiyA, parantu vaha isa kArya ke liye tayAra na huA / to bhI usameM vaha apane lekha detA thA aura usakI lekhanI se hI ukta patrakI bahuta khyAti huI / AsTana, groTa Adi vidvAn bhI usameM likhate the, parantu milake barAbara koI na likhatA thA / vaha usameM sabase adhika lekha likhatA thA / yadyapi 'veSTa minisTara rivyU' kI Arthika avasthA kabhI acchI nahIM huI, to bhI benthAma ke upayuktatAtattvasambandhI matoMko phailAnemeM aura purAne mAsika, traimAsika patroMkI bhUleM dikhalAnemeM usane khUba saphalatA prApta kI / usa samaya mAlthasa nAmake eka prasiddha granthakArane prajAvRddhike viSaya meM eka mahattvapUrNa siddhAnta prakAzita kiyA thA / usakA pratipAdana bhI kucha dinoM pIche vesTa minisTara rivyUmeM hone lagA aura harTale nAmaka prasiddha tattvavettAke AtmazAstrasambandhI vicAra bhI usameM prakA zita hone lage / yadyapi use benthAmane jArI kiyA thA aura usake bahuta se lekhaka bhI usake ziSya yA anuyAyI the tathApi usake dvArA kevala usIke matakA pracAra na hotA thA / usake matake sivA nimnalikhita viSayoMkA bhI usameM joro zorase pratipAdana hotA thA :-- 1 rAjakIya - pratinidhisattAka - rAjyavyavasthA aura pUrNa vicArasvAtantrya prApta karanemeM hI manuSya jAtikA kalyANa hai / 2 sAmAjika- vivAha - sambandhase strIjAti puruSoMkI gulAma ho gaI hai| isa sthitiko sudhAranA cAhiye /

Page #25
3 dhArmika-sarakArakI orase jo pAdariyoMkA judA mahakamA kAyama hai vaha satya dharmase ghRNA utpanna karAnevAlA aura use bhraSTa karanevAlA hai / isaliye use tor3a denA caahiye| 4 AtmajJAna-manuSyoMkA svabhAva unakI cAroM orakI sthitiyoM ke anusAra banatA hai| isaliye yadi manuSyoMkI paristhitikA sudhAra kiyA jAyagA to unakI naitika aura bauddhika sthiti bhI sudharatI jaaygii| ina viSayoMmeM sabase adhika pradhAnatA rAjakIya viSayoMkI rahatI thii| vesTa minisTara rivyUke lekha aura lokamata / vesTa minisTara rivyUke lekha usa samayakI sAdhAraNa prajAko aura donoM rAjakIya pakSa (TorI aura libarala) vAloMko bilakula pasanda na Ate the / benthAmake upayogitA-tattvake viSayameM kahA jAtA thA ki kevala upayuktatAtattvakI ora lakSya rakhakara kisI bAtako acchA yA burA ThaharAnA mUrkhatA hai| usameM ucca prakArake manobhAvoMke liye bilakula avakAza nahIM hai / arthazAstrake niyamoMko loga 'nirdaya' kahate the aura mAlthasakA jo prajAkI vRddhike viruddha mata thA use ghRNita batalAte the| isake viruddha benthAmake ziSya tathA usake matake anuyAyI unheM yaha uttara dete the ki tuma kevala manobhAvoMke gulAma ho / tumhArA kathana kevala AlaMkArika hai| tumhArI isa phijUlakI baka bakameM kucha sAra nahIM hai| benthamake matakA burA asara / benthAmake siddhAntakA eka asara acchA nahIM huaa| usake anuyAyiyoMne manuSyasvabhAvake eka mahattvapUrNa aMgako arthAt manobhAvako eka

Page #26
22 prakArase kucha cIja hI na smjhaa| usako saMskRta aura pariSkRta karanekI ora unhoMne kucha bhI dhyAna na diyaa| usakI eka prakArase avahelanA hI kii| isase unakI dRSTise kAvyakA mahattva utara gyaa| ita. nA hI nahIM, kintu ve yaha bhI bhUla gaye ki kAvyakI bajibhUta jo kalpanAzakti hai usako unnata aura pariSkRta karanA manuSyake sudhArake liye eka Avazyaka kArya haiM / benthAma svayaM hI kahatA thA ki idhara udharakI bAteM milAkara sacceko jhUThA aura jhUTheko saccA batalAnA hI kAvya hai ! zAstrIyacarcA aura adhyayana / isa taraha idhara to milakA nibandha-lekhana cala rahA thA udhara usane thor3e hI dina pIche jarmana bhASAke sIkhanekA prAraMbha kara diyA aura sAtha hI sAtha zAstrIya viSayoMkA adhyayana karaneke liye usane aura usake daza bAraha mitroMne eka nayA hI DhaMga nikAlA / arthAt aitihAsika paNDita proTakI kRpAse unheM eka svataMtra koTharI mila gii| usameM ve saba savere 8 // se 10 baje taka baiThane lage / vahA~ ve eka eka zAstrIya granthako lekara par3hate the aura paraspara vAdavivAda tathA carcA karate the| isa rItise milane apane pitAkA banAyA huA arthazAstra, rikA?kA banAyA huA isI viSayakA dUsarA grantha aura bele sAhebakA mUlyaviSayaka grantha-ye tIna arthazAstrake grantha par3ha DAle aura unheM acchI tarahase samajha liyA / isake pazcAt isa maMDalIne veTale aura haoNvisake tarkagranthoMkA aura phira harTaTeke AtmazAstrakA pArAyaNa kiyaa| isake bAda yaha sabhA banda ho gaI / parantu itanehImeM milake pitAne ' manakA pRthakkaraNa' nAmaka grantha chapAkara prakAzita kiyA / isaliye usake

Page #27
23 par3haneke liye ye loga kucha dinoMtaka aura bhI ekaTThA hue aura use samApta karake phira inhoMne isa sabhAkA visarjana kara diyA / isa taraha ekatra hokara gahana viSayoM ke svAdhInatApUrvaka adhyayana aura vivecana karanese milako bar3A lAbha huA / usake hRdayameM jo pratyeka viSayako svataMtrarItise vicAra karanekI zaktikA aMkura thA vaha bahuta bar3ha gayA aura dRr3ha ho gyaa| isake bAda usakA yaha svabhAva ho gayA ki yadi kahIM koI bAta aTaka jAya, to use AdhI dhodhI samajhakara na chor3a denA cAhiye / jabataka vivaraNa aura vivevacanake dvArA usakA pUrA pUrA samAdhAna na ho jAtA thA tabataka vaha Age nahIM calatA thA aura jabataka koI viSaya saba orase samajhameM na A jAtA thA tabataka vaha yaha nahIM kahatA thA ki maiMne use samajha liyaa| vyAkhyAnazaktike bar3hAnekA prayatna / isI samaya usane janasamUhameM bolanekA bhI abhyAsa bar3hAyA / yadi kabhI daza AdamiyoMmeM bolanekA maukA A jAtA thA to vaha use kabhI vyartha na jAne detA thaa| yadyapi vakIla bairisTara banakara rupayA kamAnekI usakI icchA nahIM thI, tathApi vaha yaha avazya cAhatA thA ki maiM kabhI pAraliyAmeMTakA membara banU~ aura usake dvArA samAja-sudhArake kAryameM yathAzakti sahAyatA phuNcaauuN| isI utkaTa icchAse usane vyAkhyAnazaktike bar3hAnekA udyoga kiyA aura isake liye usane, apane kucha mitroMkI sahAyatAse, eka 'vivecaka-sabhA' sthApita kI / isa sabhAkI baiThaka hara pandrahaveM dina hotI thii| isake sabhAsadoMmeM TorI aura libarala donoM hI pakSake loga bharatI kiye jAte the / yaha isa liye ki sabhAmeM paraspara khaMDana-maMDana karanekA maukA AtA rahe / parantu isameM TorI

Page #28
24 dalake loga bahuta kama zAmila hote the| hA~, libarala dalakI avazya hI khAsI bhIr3a ho jAtI thii| _vesTa minisTarase sambandha-tyAga / __ mila isa taraha judA judA mArgause apanI buddhiko bar3hAne meM lagA rahatA thA aura sAtha hI naukarIkA kAma bhI jI lagAkara karatA thaa| parantu aba vyAkhyAnAdikI tayyAriyoMmeM lage rahanese use avakAza kama milane lagA / isaliye usane san 1828 meM vesTa minisTara rivyUse apanA sambandha tor3a diyaa| isa sambandhake tor3aneke do kAraNa aura bhI the| eka to yaha ki aba ukta patrakI kIrti pahale jaisI nahIM rahI thI aura dasare usake saMcAlakane jisa paruSako adhikAra de rakkhA thA usase milakI banatI na thii| milake pitAne bhI usase bahuta kucha sambandha tor3a diyA thaa| __ vesTa minisTarameM milakA sabase antima lekha phrAnsakI rAjyakrAntikA maMDana thA aura vaha sara vAlTara skaoNTakA viruddha pakSa lekara likhA gayA thaa| isa nibandhake taiyAra karanemeM milane nissIma parizrama kiyaa| isake liye usane saikar3oM grantha par3he aura unako kharIdanemeM hajAroM rupaye kharca kiye| milakI icchA thI ki maiM phrAnsakI rAjyakrAntikA eka uttama itihAsa likhU, isIliye usane itanA parizrama aura artha-vyaya kiyA thA / parantu usake hAthase yaha kArya na ho pAyA / hA~, kAralAilane jaba isa viSayakA itihAsa likhA taba use usakI saMgraha kI huI sAmagrIse bahuta sahAyatA milii| vizrAma / vesTa minisTarase sambandha chor3anepara milane kucha varSoM taka lekha likhanekA kAma banda hI sA kara diyaa| isa kAmase use arucisI ho gii|

Page #29
yaha usake liye acchA hI huA / kyoMki abataka usane jitanA jJAna prApta kiyA thA use paripakka karake usase tAdAtmya karaneke lie use isa vizrAntike samayameM khUba maukA milaa| isakA phala yaha huA ki usake svabhAvameM tathA usake vicAroM meM eka prakArakA mahattvapUrNa parivartana ho gyaa| yadi usakI likhanekI mazIna barAbara calatI rahatI to zAyada hI yaha parivartana hotaa| . utsaah-shuunytaa| pAThakoMko smaraNa hogA ki san 1821 meM jaba milane benthAmake granthoMkA pahale pahala adhyayana kiyA thA tabhI usane nizcaya kara liyA thA ki mere jIvanakA vrata saMsArakA sudhAra karanA hogA / isImeM maiM apanI umra vyatIta karU~gA / isa kartavya-nizcayase use eka prakArake sukhakA anubhava hotA thA aura usI sukha ke sahAre vaha apane jIvanazakaTako abhI taka Anandase calA rahA thA / parantu san 1826 ke varSA RtumeM eka dina usakI ekAeka kucha vilakSaNa sthiti ho gii| svapnase ekAeka jAgRta honepara jaisI manuSyakI hAlata hotI hai, usa dina usakI vaisI hI hAlata ho gii| usake cittakA utsAha bilakula jAtA rahA / usa samaya usane apane manase Apa hI Apa prazna kiyA ki "he mana, saMsArake jisa sudhArake kAryameM tU laga rahAhai aura jisameM tujhe itanA sukha mAlUma hotA hai, kalpanA kara, ki yadi vaha pUrNatAko prApta ho gaI to kyA usa pUrNatAse tU ati sukhI ho jAyagA ? " manane kisI prakArakI AnAkAnI aura saMkoca kiye vinA spaSTa uttara diyA ki- " nhiiN|" isa uttarase milake hAtha paira ThaMDe ho gaye, kAma karanekA utsAha jAtA rahA aura jisa kartavyanizcayake balapara itane dina jorozorase kAma cala rahA thA usakA

Page #30
tirobhAva ho gyaa| use aisA anubhava hone lagA ki yadi aisA hai, to phira jIte rahanemeM hI kyA majA hai ? use AzA thI ki yadi kucha dinoM rAtako acchI nIMda A jAyagI to yaha nirutsAha nikala jaaygaa| parantu usakI yaha AzA saphala na huI / sote-jAgate baiThateuThate hara samaya usake cittoM yahI vicAra rahane lagA / kabhI kabhI usakI yaha icchA hotI thI ki apane isa duHkhako kisIse kahakara maiM kucha halakA ho jAU~ / parantu dUsaroMse kahanemeM use yaha saMkoca hotA thA ki ve merI ha~sI udd'aaveNge| rahA pitA, so usase kahanekA use sAhasa na hotA thA / kyoMki eka to usakI samajhameM yaha bAta AtI hI kaThinAIse, aura yadi A bhI jAtI to use ulaTA isa bAtakA duHkha hotA ki maiMne lar3akeko par3hAne meM jo aparimita parizrama kiyA usakA pariNAma Akhira yaha niklaa| isa kAraNa usane apanA duHkha apane hRdayameM hI rakkhA; kisIse kucha bhI nahIM kahA / apane cittakI isa zocanIya avasthAmeM yadyapi usane apane nityake vyavasAya chor3a nahIM diye tathApi jisa taraha yaMtroMse kAma hotA hai usI prakAra ve usake dvArA hote the / arthAt jo kucha vaha karatA thA pUrvake abhyAsavaza karatA thA-vicAra yA prayatnapUrvaka nhiiN| koI chaH mahIne taka usakI yahI hAlata rhii| utsAhakA punaH snycaar| eka dina usane eka vidvAnke banAye hue svakuTumbacaritra' nAmaka granthameM eka jagaha par3hA ki-" maiM jaba choTA thA taba merA pitA mara gayA aura mere kuTumbapara ekAeka apattikA pahAr3a TUTa pdd'aa| usa samaya maiMne apane kuTumbiyoMko dhIraja ba~dhAyA ki tuma dukhI mata hoopitAkA maiM tumheM kabhI smaraNa na hone duuNgaa|" ina vAkyoMke par3hate

Page #31
27 hI ukta kuTumbakA sArA dRzya milakI A~khoMke sAmane A gayA aura tatkAla hI usakI A~khoMse do cAra A~sU Tapaka par3e / vasa, usa dinase usako apanA duHkha kucha halakA mAlUma hone lagA / abhI taka usakA vizvAsa thA ki maiM kevala eka prakArakA yaMtra hU~, jo bolatA cAlatA, likhatA par3hatA aura vicAra karatA hai / mujhameM manobhAvoM yA manovikAroMkA leza bhI nahIM hai| parantu apanI A~khoMse acAnaka A~sU par3ate dekha aba use anubhava hone lagA ki maiM patthara athavA miTTIkA DhelA nahIM; kintu manovikArasampanna manuSya huuN| isa prakArakA vizvAsa honese aba use pratidinake kAmoMmeM thor3A bahuta sukhabodha hone lgaa| isa sthitike do pariNAma / isa sthitike, milake cittapara, do pariNAma hue| abhItaka usakA yaha khayAla thA ki kauna AcaraNa acchA hai aura kauna burA hai, isakA nirNaya sukhakI ora lakSya rakhake karanA cAhiye / arthAt jo AcaraNa cirasthAyI sukha utpanna karanevAlA ho vaha acchA aura jo na ho vaha burA / isa prakArake acche AcaraNoMse sukhakI prApti karanemeM janmakI sArthakatA hai / usakA dUsarA khayAla yaha thA ki sukhake liye sukhake pIche laganA cAhiye, isI taraha vaha prApta hotA hai| yaha dUsarA khayAla aba badala gayA / use ava yaha anubhava hone lagA ki jo apratyakSa sukha dUsaroMkA upakAra karanese, manuSya jAtikA sudhAra karanese, aura kisI vidyA yA kalAke sIkhanemeM mana lagAnese milatA hai vaha kevala sukhake pIche laganese nahIM miltaa| isa liye mujhe kisI dUsare hI abhiprAyase koI kAma karanA caahiye| aisA karanese sukha Apa hI Apa prApta ho jAtA hai| yaha eka pariNAma huaa| usa ke cittapara dUsarA pariNAma yaha huA ki manuSyakA jo antarAtmA hai usako zikSA denA bhI mukhakA Ava

Page #32
zyaka sAdhana hai / aba taka usakI yaha samajha thI ki manuSyako yadi isa yogya bAhya-zikSA mila gaI ki usase usake vicAra aura AcAra acche ho jAveM to kAphI hai| usake antaHkaraNako pariSkRta karanekI athavA vikasita karanekI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| parantu svAnubhavase aba usakI yaha samajha badala gaI / isase pAThakoMko yaha na samajhanA cAhiye ki bauddhika zikSAke mUlyako vaha kucha kama samajhane lagA / nahIM, usakA yaha vizvAsa ho gayA ki mAnavIya sukhakI prAptike liye bauddhika zikSAke samAna hI naitika zikSAkI bhI manobhAvoMko vikasita karaneke liye AvazyakatA hai / sAra yaha ki manuSyakI jo aneka prakArakI mAnasika zaktiyA~ haiM ve saba orase barAbara zikSita aura vikasita honI caahiye| lalitakalA aura kAnyakI rAmabANa oSadhi / aba use yaha bhI mAlUma hone lagA ki manuSyakI zikSAke liye kAvya aura lalitakalAoMkI kitanI AvazyakatA hai / kucha dinoMmeM use isakA pratyakSa anubhava bhI hone lagA / lar3akapanase mAnasika kalAoMmeM use gAne bajAnekI kalA hI acchI lagatI thI / isa bAtakA use pahalehIse anubhava thA ki sundara gAna aura vAdanase manako eka prakArakI tandrA A jAtI hai, utsAha aura AnandakI vRddhi hotI hai aura dhIre dhIre usake suroM tathA AlApoMse tAdAtmya ho jAtA hai| parantu bIcameM jaba use nirutsAharUpI rogane gherA thA, taba usake cittapara isa kalAkA pariNAma honA banda ho gayA thA / kintu jaba Upara varNana kI huI ghaTanAse usakI dazA badalI taba nirutsAhakA zamana karaneke liye yaha oSadhi bahuta guNa karane lagI /

Page #33
san 1828 kI varSARtumeM vaha eka dina varDasvartha kavike kAvyagrantha sahaja hI par3hane lgaa| usa samaya usane svapna meM bhI yaha na socA thA ki isase merI mAnasika vyAdhi sarvathA dUra ho jaaygii| kyoMki, isake pahale usane vAyarana kavikI kAvya-auSadhi sevana karake dekhI thI, para usase use jarA bhI zAnti nahIM milI thii| varDasvarthakI choTI choTI kavitAoMkA mariNAma usake cittapara kucha vilakSaNa hI huA / isa kavine jaMgala, vana, nadI, parvata, sarovara, pazu pakSI, Adi svAbhAvika vastuoMko lakSya karake cittako utphulla aura tanmaya karanevAlI racanA kI hai / yadi usane ukta vastuoMkA kevala svabhAva-varNana hI kiyA hotA to usase milako utanA lAbha na hotA / usakI kavitAoMmeM eka vizeSatA hai / vaha yaha ki padArthasaundaryakA zArIrika aura mAnasika dRSTise nirIkSaNa karanese mAnasika vRttimeM jo umaMgeM aura vikAranizrita vicAroM kI taraMgeM uThatI haiM unakA vAstavika citra bhI unameM khIMcA gayA hai / yaha citra milakI mAnasika vyAdhika liye rAmabANa oSadhi ho gayA aura isase use dhIre dhIre Antarika sukha, mAnasika AhlAda Adi sukhake sAdhanoMkA svAda Ane lgaa| usake dhyAnameM yaha bAta bhI A gaI ki yadi yaha kalpanA kara lI jAya ki saMsArakA sudhAra eka dina pUrNatAko prApta ho jAyagA, to bhI mere sukhake dUsare sAdhana bane raheMge / aura, isa taraha, jina praznottaroMse usake hAtha paira ThaMDe ho gaye the-utsAha naSTa ho gayA thA, unakA gorakhadhaMdhA sulajha gayA / vicAra-parivartana / jisa ghaTanAkA Upara varNana kiyA gayA hai, usase milake vicAroM meM bahuta kucha parivartana hone lagA / usake bahutase. nizcaya zithila

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hone lage aura unake sthAnameM naye naye vicAra jamane lge| isI samaya milake hAtha seMTa sAyamanake kaI grantha Agaye / seMTa sAyamana phrAnsakA prasiddha tattvavettA thA / soziyAlisTa paMthakI jar3a isIne jamAI thii| ina granthoM meM usane bahuta vilakSaNatA dekhI aura usake pradhAna ziSya AgasTa kAmTIkA eka grantha par3hakara to vaha vismita ho gyaa| ina granthoMmeM kuTumbakI sthitike. sudhAranekA jo siddhAnta thA vaha use bahuta hI pasanda AyA / kuTumbameM puruSoM aura striyoMkA adhikAra varAbara honA caahie| vartamAna samayameM jo puruSa-strIkA sevyasevaka sambandha hai vaha hAnikAraka hai| use tor3akara samAnAdhikArayukta navIna sambandha sthApita honA cAhiye / isa vicArakI usane zatamukhase prazaMsA kI / samAjake judA judA pezA karanevAle logoMko apanA pU~jI ekatra karake saMyukta zrama karanA cAhiye aura usase jo munAphA ho use bA~Ta lenA caahiye| soziyAlisToMkI samAja-sthiti sudhAranekI yaha kalpanA yadyapi use pasanda AI, parantu isakA vyavahArameM pariNata honA use asaMbhava mAlUma huaa| bhUmi Adi sampattike bhoganekA adhikAra vaMzaparamparAse eka hI kuTumbako prApta honA samAjake liye bahuta hI hAnikAraka hai-ityAdi vicAroMko bhI usane mana lagAkara par3hA, parantu ve sarvAMzameM use acche na mAlUma hue| ___ aba taka usakA yaha mata thA ki manuSya kevala paristhitikA dAsa hai / arthAt manuSyake AsapAsa rIti ravAja AdikI jaisI sthiti hotI hai usIke anusAra usakA svabhAva banatA hai / paristhiti zabdakA yadi itanA saMkucita artha kiyA jAya to sacamuca hI yaha mata cittako udvigna karanevAlA hai / kyoMki isa dazami isa matameM aura bhAratavAsiyoMke matameM kucha adhika antara nahIM raha jaataa|

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ntu puna sarasake hRdyaa| eka navIna hI prakAza jhalaka gayA, isa lo vaha paristhitipaka artha karane lgaa| aba usake dhyAnameM aurayAu ki vaha bAta yadyapi ThIka hai ki manuSyakA svabhAva jaisI paristhiti hotI hai usIke anusAra banatA hai tathApi, yadi manuSya cAhe, to vaha apanI paristhitiko badala bhI sakatA hai / isa prakAra vicArakrAnti honese use yaha acchI taraha mAlUma hone lagA ki paristhiti-mata aura daiva-matameM kitanA antara hai aura usake siraparase udvignatAkA bojhA bahuta kucha utara gayA / rAjanaitika vipayoMmeM abataka usakA yaha mata thA ki pratinidhisattAka rAjyapaddhati saba prakArakI paristhitiyoMmeM upayogI aura hitakAriNI hai / arthAt cAhe jo kAla ho, cAhe jo deza ho, cAhe jo samAja ho, usakI upayogitA aura hitakAritA kama nahIM hotii| parantu aba usakA yaha vicAra badala gayA / vaha samajhane lagA ki rAjya-zAsanake liye judA judA tarahakI rAjyapaddhatiyA~ kevala sAdhana haiM aura eka hI prakArakA sAdhana saba jagaha upayogI nahIM ho sakatA hai / isa liye yadi kisI dezameM koI rAjyapaddhati zurU karanI ho, to pahale niSpakSavuddhise isa bAtakA patA lagAnA cAhiye ki vahA~ke logoMkI zakti, buddhi, samAja-vyavasthA Adi kaisI hai aura phira jo ucita samajhI jAya vahI rAjyapaddhati zurU karanI cAhie / parantu iMgleMDake viSayameM usakA jo mata thA usameM antara nahIM par3A / vaha isI matapara kAyama rahA ki iMglaiMDakI yogyatA aura paristhiti pratinidhisattAtmaka paddhatike hI yogya hai / dhanikoM jamIMdAroM aura padavIdhArI puruSoM kI prabalatAse iMglaiMDakI sAmAjika nIti aura sAmAjika sukhakA ghAta ho rahA hai / isaliye vaha cAhatA thA ki vahA~ jitanI

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32 hai, usase adhika prajAsattAka rAjyapaddhati honI cAhiye / sAdhAraNa prajAke adhikAra bar3hane cAhiye aura bar3e AdAmiyoMke anyAyoMko damana karaneke liye soziyAlisToMke sampattisambandhI matakA prasAra honA caahiye| phrAnsakI rAjyakrAnti aura milake lekha / san 1829 ke julAI mahInemeM phrAnsakI itihAsaprasiddha rAjakrAnti huI / usakA samAcAra pAte hI milakA utsAha ekAeka jAgRta ho utthaa| vaha usI samaya phrAnsa gayA aura vahA~kI prajAke pradhAna netA lA phAyaTIse milakara tathA rAjyakrAnti-sambandhI vAstavika tathya saMgraha karake lauTa AyA / iMglaiMDameM Ate hI usane isa viSayakA samAcArapatroM aura mAsika patroMmeM jorozorase Andolana karanA zurU kiyaa| itanehImeM lArDa gre iMglaiMDake pradhAna maMtrI hue aura pAraliyAmeMTake saMskAra tathA sudhArakA bila peza kiyA gyaa| aba to milakI lekhanI gajabake lekha likhane lgii| unheM par3hakara loga dA~toM tale aMgulI dabAne lage / san 1831 ke prAraMbhameM usane 'vartamAna kAlakI mahimA ' nAmaka lekhamAlA zurU kI aura usameM vaha apane navIna vicAroMko prathita karane lgaa| use par3hakara prasiddha tattvavettA kAlAIla cakita ho gayA aura vaha svayaM usase Akara milaa| milakA aura kArlAilakA sabase pahalA paricaya isI samaya huA aura vaha Age barAbara bar3hatA gyaa| pitA aura putrakA matabheda / aba milako yaha sandeha huA ki mere aura. pitAke vicAroM meM bahuta bar3A antara ho gayA hai / yadi vaha zAntise vicAra karatA to yaha antara itanA bar3A pratIta na hotA / parantu use yaha sAhasa nahIM

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33 hotA thA ki maiM apane pitAse zAntike sAtha vicAra karake yaha nizcaya kara lU~ ki mere aura Apake tAttvika vicAroMmeM kyA antara hai / kyoMka use isa bAtakA bhaya thA ki aisA karanese pitAko yaha vizvAsa ho jAyagA ki merA beTA merA mata chor3akara pratipakSiyoMmeM jA milA hai / ise saubhAgya hI samajhanA cAhie, jo rAjanaitika viSayoMmeM aba taka bApa-beTekA eka hI mata thA / isase una donoMkA rAjanaitika saMbhApaNa acchI taraha pAra par3a jAtA thaa| jina viSayoMmeM vaha samajhatA thA ki pitAse merA matabheda hogA, unake sambandhakI vaha kabhI carcA hI na karatA thaa| kyoMki vaha socatA thA ki yadi pitA mere matake kucha viruddha kaheMge to mujhase cupa bhI na rahA jAyagA aura kucha kahA bhI na jAyagA / yadi cupa rahU~gA to yaha bAta merA citta svIkAra na karegA aura yadi kucha kahU~gA to unheM burA lagegA aura mujhe bhI kheda hogaa| isa samayakI nibandha-racanA / isa bIcameM milane, jinakA yathAsthAna ullekha ho cukA hai, unake sivA aura kyA kyA racanAyeM kIM, yaha batalAkara aba hama mila-caritake isa bhAgako samApta kareMge___ san 1830 aura 31 meM usane 'arthazAstrake anizcita praznoMpara vicAra ' nAmaka pA~ca nibandhoMkI racanA kI aura san 1832 meM 'TeTsa megajIna' nAmaka mAsika patrameM kaI acche acche nibandha likhe / misesa TelarakA paricaya / san 1830 meM milake jIvanakA eka navIna adhyAya zurU huaa| isa sAla usase aura Telara nAmake eka AdamIkI strIse pahale pahala

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34 paricaya huA / isa samaya mila sAhabakI umra 25 varSakI aura usakI 23 varSakI thI / Telarake kuTumbiyoMkI aura milake bar3e bUDhoMkI purAnI jAna pahicAna thii| isa samaya usa jAna pahicAnakA ina donoMke dvArA kevala punarujjIvana huA / yadyapi pahalI jAna pahicAna honeke bAdase ina donoMke gAr3hasneha honemeM kaI varSa lage, to bhI milane yaha bAta bahuta jalda samajha lI ki yaha koI sAmAnya strI nahIM hai| dUsarI striyoMse isameM kucha vizeSatA aura vilakSaNatA hai| isakA yaha matalaba nahIM ki usake jo vilakSaNa buddhi, paripakva vicAra aura pragAr3ha jJAna Adi guNa pIche prakaTa hue ve sabake saba usa samaya bhI maujUda the / usa samaya unakA kevala aMkura dikhalAI detA thA, jo dhIre dhIre bar3hatA gayA aura usa vizAla viTapake rUpameM pariNata huA jisakI chAyAmeM rahakara mila jaise tattvavettAne bhI apane jJAnako saMskRta aura pariSkRta kiyaa| Telara yadyapi ImAnadAra, sabhya aura dhairyavAn puruSa thA, to bhI usameM apanI strI jaisI vilakSaNa buddhi aura abhiruci na thii| itanepara bhI donoM meM prItikI kamI na thI / misesa Telara apane patiko hRdayase cAhatI thii| usakA pUrA pUrA sammAna karatI thii| usakA yaha prema jaba taka pati jItA rahA barAbara sthira rahA aura jaba usakA dehAnta ho gayA taba usane bahuta zoka kiyaa| misesa Telara isa viSayameM bahuta vicAra kiyA karatI thI ki rAjanaitika Ara sAmAjika bAtoMmeM striyoMko puruSoMke samAna adhikAra nahIM hai, isaliye ve apane U~cese U~ce guNoMko kAryameM pariNata nahIM kara sakatI haiN| unako isa bAtakA maukA hI nahIM diyA jAtA ki

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ve kucha karake dikhalA sakeM aura yaha siddha kara sakeM ki hama puruSoMse kisI bAtameM kama nahIM haiN:| ina bAtoMkI carcA vaha apanI mitramaMDalImeM bhI kiyA karatI thii| usakI mitramaMDalImeM jo thor3ese puruSa the, daivayogase unameM milakA bhI praveza ho gyaa| sutarAM vaha milase bhI isa viSayapara tathA dUsare viSayoMpara carcA karane lgii| ___ misesa TelarameM, devamUr3hatA na thI, arthAt use yaha vizvAsa na thA ki koI kAma kisI devatAkI kRpAse athavA IzvarakI icchAse hotA hai / akasara logoMkA yaha khayAla rahatA hai ki sRSTikI racanA sarvAMzapUrNa hai-usameM kisI bAtakI kamI nahIM hai / parantu vaha isa bAtako na mAnatI thii| usakA khayAla isase viruddha thA / vaha samajhatI thI ki vartamAnakAlika sRSTimeM aura samAjaracanAmeM bahuta hI kamI hai| isase pahale isase bhI adhika kamI thI, jo dhIre dhIre pUrNa huI hai / jyoM jyoM manuSyakA jJAna bar3hatA jAyagA, vaha vartamAna kamIko pUrI karatA jAyagA / usakI buddhikI pratyeka viSayameM abAdha gati thii| vaha pratyeka viSayake sAra yA sattvapara pahu~catI thI-cAhe vaha viSaya gaMbhIra tAttvika ho cAhe mAmUlI kAmakAjasambandhI ho / yadi vaha kisI kalAke sIkhanemeM jI lagAtI to isameM koI sandeha nahIM ki vaha nipuNatAkI hadapara pahu~ca jaatii| kyoMki usakI naitika aura bauddhika donoM zaktiyA~ bahuta hI tIkSNa thIM aura kalpanAzakti bhI usakI bahuta vilakSaNa thii| yadi vaha vaktRtva-kalAkI ora dhyAna detI to eka bar3I bhArI vyAkhyAnadAtrI hue vinA na rhtii| kyoMki vaha sahRdayA aura tejasvinI thI aura usake bolanekI zailI bhI bahuta hI acchI thii| isI prakAra yadi usake bhAgyameM kahIMkI rAnI honA likhA hotA to vaha isa uccapadako apane guNoMse aura bhI pUjya

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bnaatii| kyoMki use mAnavIya svabhAvakA bahuta acchA jJAna thaa| vaha manuSyake svabhAvako tatkAla hI parakha letI thI aura vyAvahArika bAtoMmeM bhI bahuta catura thii| usakA naitika AcaraNa bahuta hI acchA aura tulA huA thA / paropakAra-buddhi to usakI khUba hI saMskRta thii| samAjane gatAnugatikatAse jina kAmoMko paropakAra ThaharA diyA hai, athavA jinheM loga paropakAra samajhate haiM, unakA anusaraNa karake vaha paropakAra nahIM karatI thii| kintu usakA antaHkaraNa hI itanA komala thA ki vaha dUsaroMkI burAI bhalAIko apanI hI burAI bhalAI samajhatI thI-apanemeM aura dUsaroMmeM vaha bheda hI na samajhatI thI / vaha yaha bhI jAnatI thI ki sukha-duHkhasambandhI manovikAra jisa prakAra mere prabala haiM, usI prakAra dUsaroMke bhI haiM / arthAt sukha-duHkhakA anubhava jaisA mujhe hotA hai vaisA hI dUsaroMko bhI hotA hogaa| isase usake antaHkaraNameM paropakArakI agaNita hiloreM uThA karatI thiiN| usakI udAratA amaryAdita thii| jo usake premako thor3A bhI pahicAnatA thA, usapara vaha usakI varSA karaneke lie nirantara utsuka rahatI thI / usakA hRdaya vAstavika vinayakA aura atizaya U~ce abhimAnakA sandhi-sthala thA / jisake sAtha antaHkaraNapUrvaka aura sAdepanase bartAva karanA cAhie, usake sAtha vaha vaisA hI bartAva rakhatI thii| kSudra aura DarapokapanakI bAtase use ghRNA thii| cAhe koI ho, yadi usake AcaraNameM use thor3ese bhI pAzavika atyAcArakA, aprAmANikatA athavA asabhyatAkA aMza mAlUma hotA to usakA krodha bhar3aka uThatA thA / itanA avazya smaraNa rakhanA cAhie ki jo bAteM vAstavameM burI hotI thIM, unhIMke viSayameM usake aise manobhAva hote the| jinheM kevala logoMne burI mAna rakkhI haiM unake viSayameM nhiiN|

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pAricayase parasparika laabh| aisA guNavatI strIke sAtha paricaya bar3hanese aura tAttvika carcAkA vyAsaMga honese milako AzAtIta lAbha huaa| usakI mAnasika unnatipara usakA bahuta hI acchA pariNAma huaa| para yaha pariNAma mandagAtase huA / aura, isa taraha, donoMkI mAnasika unnatikI ekatA hokara usake pravAhake baha nikalanemeM bahuta varSa bIta gye| isa paricayase yadyapi yaha spaSTa hai ki misesa TelarakI apekSA milako hI adhika lAbha huA; tathApi hameM yaha bhI kahanA cAhiye ki use bhI kucha kama nahIM huaa| kyoMki usake jo vicAra yA siddhAnta the ve kevala usakI pratibhA aura manobhAvoMse bane the aura isake matoMkI racanA abhyAsa aura vicAroMse huI thii| taba yaha spaSTa hai ki usake vicAra 'aura siddhAnta isake paricayase bahuta kucha dRr3ha hue hoMge / tathApi yadi vicAra karake dekhA jAya to kahanA par3egA ki mila hI usake RNase adhika dabA thA. arthAta milako hI isa paricayase adhika lAbha huA thaa| jinheM manuSyajAtikI vartamAna dazA zocanIya mAlUma par3atI haiaura isa lie jo cAhate haiM ki isakA mUlase sudhAra honA cAhie unake vicAra bahuta karake do prakArake hote haiN| eka prakArake vicArokA lakSya Atyantika uttama sthitikI ora rahatA hai aura dUsare prakArake vicAroMkA lakSya upayogI aura tatkAla sAdhya sudhAroMkI ora rahatA hai / milake ina donoM vicAroMko misesa TelarakI zikSAse jo gAmbhIrya aura vistAra prApta huA vaha bahuta hI bar3A thaa| sAre zikSakoM aura granthoMse bhI usakI prApti nahIM ho sakatI thI / arthazAstra, AtmazAsra, tarkazAstra aura itihAsazAstra Adi zAstroMke viSayameM

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38 milane apanI vicArazaktise jo siddhAnta sthira kiye the unheM vyavahArikatAkA rUpa isIkI zikSAke prasAdase milA thA / mere siddhAntoMmeM atyanta vizvasta kauna hai aura saMzayayukta kauna hai, isakA nirNaya usane isIke saMyogase kiyA thA / nahIM to Azcarya nahIM ki use yaha vizvAsa ho jAtA ki mere siddhAnta sarvathA sacce haiM, saba samayoMke liye haiM aura sabapara prayukta ho sakate haiM / milake jina jina granthoM meM vyAvahArika vicAroMkI adhikatA hai, samajha lo ki ve eka mastakase nahIM, ukta donoM mastakoMke saMyogase utpanna hue haiN| rAjanaitika vicAroM meM parivartana / isa bIcameM milako ' TaoNkevelI' nAmaka prasiddha phreMca vidvAnakA ' amerikAkA prajAsattAka rAjya ' nAmaka grantha milA / isa utkRSTa granthakA usane bahuta hI bArIkIse adhyayana kiyaa| isase usane prajAsattAka rAjyase kyA kyA lAbha hote haiM aura kyA kyA hAniyA~ hotI haiM, yaha acchI tarahase samajha liyaa| phala isakA yaha huA ki aba vaha prajAsattAkase pratinidhisattAka rAjyapaddhatiko acchI samajhane lgaa| prajAsattAka rAjyapaddhatimeM jo anyAya aura atyAcAra hote haiM unheM usane pratinidhisattAka rAjyapaddhatise kama samajhe / isakA nirUpaNa usane apane pratinidhisattAka rAjyavyavasthA ' nAmaka granthameM svayaM kiyA hai / Upara likhe hue granthase usakA ekamata aura bhI acchA bana gyaa| vaha yaha ki sAmAjika kAmoMke karanekA adhikAra jitane adhika logoMmeM phailAyA jA sake utanemeM phailAnA cAhie aura sarakArako aise kAmoMse judA rakhanA caahie| isase logoMko rAjanaitika zikSA to milatI hI hai, sAtha hI prajAsattAka vyavasthAse jo aniSTa huA karate haiM unakI bhI rukAvaTa hotI hai / kyoMki isase

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sarakArI mahakameM kama ho jAte haiM aura dezake bahutase suyogya aura suzikSita puruSa sarakArI gulAma honese baca jAte haiM / sarakArI mahakameM adhika honese sAre zikSita puruSa unameM bharatI honekA prayatna karate haiM aura ve apane Uparake adhikAriyoMke gulAma ho jAte haiM / isase anyAyoMkA pratibandha nahIM ho sktaa| isa viSayakA nirUpaNa milane apane svAdhInatA nAmaka granthake antameM kiyA hai| lekha, patrasampAdana aura pitAkI mRtyu / san 1833 aura 34 meM milane kucha lekha mAsikapatroMmeM likhe| ye lekha tAtkAlika viSayoMpara likhe gaye the aura unheM pIchese saMgraha karake usane pRthak pustakAkAra bhI chapA liyA thA / san 1834 meM usane aura usake pitAke kucha mitroMne milakara 'landana rivyU' nAmakA mAsikapatra nikAlA / isake nikAlanekA mukhya uddeza 'raoNDikala ' pakSake vicAroMkA samarthana aura prasAraNa karanA thA / tabase san 1840 taka usane usameM bahutase lekha likhe / usakA pitA bhI jaba taka bImAra nahIM par3A tabataka usameM barAbara lekha likhatA rahA / mila isa patrakA eka prakArase sampAdaka hI thaa| para usake vicAroMmeM pitAke vicAroMse antara par3a gayA thA; isalie vaha apane lekhoMke nIce apane nAmakA pahalA akSara aura pitAke lekhoMke nIce usake nAmakA pahalA akSara prakAzita kara detA thA, jisase pAThaka yaha samajha leveM ki amuka lekhameM jisa matakA pratipAdana huA hai vaha sampAdakakA nahIM, kintu kisI vyaktikA hai| jaisA ki pahale kahA jA cukA hai, vAstavameM bApa beTeke matoMmeM jitanA antara dikhatA thA utanA nahIM thA aura Azcarya nahIM ki yaha bAta donoMke dhyAnameM

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40 A jAtI aura Age donoMkI lekharacanA yA grantharacanA ekamatase hone lagatI / parantu san 1835 se pitAkA svAsthya dinapara dina bigar3ane lgaa| tadantara kaphakSayake spaSTa cihna dikhane lage aura Akhira 23 jUna san 1836 meM usakA dehAvasAna ho gayA / pRthvIse eka vAstavika pitA aura svAdhInacetA vidvAn uTha gayA / jemsa milakA joza aura usakI buddhikA vaibhava marate marate taka kama nahIM huA / usa samaya taka jina jina bAtoMmeM usane apanA citta lagAyA thA una sabake viSayameM kaMThagata prANa hone taka usakI AsthA banI rahI / dharmaka viSayameM usake jo vicAra the unameM bhI kAlake bilakula samIpa A pahu~cane taka rattI bhara bhI antara nahIM par3A / jisa samaya use vizvAsa ho gayA ki aba maiM jaldI mara jAU~gA usa samaya usako yaha socakara bahuta santoSa huA ki jaba maiMne janma liyA thA tabase aba saMsArakI dazA kucha acchI haiaura use acchI karaneke lie maiMne bhI kucha kiyA hai| para sAtha hI yaha vicAra kara use kucha kheda bhI huA ki aba mere jIvanakI samApti hai, isa lie mujhe aura lokasevA karanekA avakAza nahIM mila sktaa| isa viSayameM kisIko kucha sandeha nahIM hai ki jemsa milane saMsArakI aura apane dezakI vipula sevA kii| to bhI yaha bAta vicAraNIya hai ki usake bAda usakA jitanA nAma rahanA cAhie thA, utanA nahIM rahA / isakA eka kAraNa yaha mAlUma hotA hai ki usake samayameM benthAmakI jo diganta-vyApinI yazodundubhI baja rahI thI usameM usakI kIrti lupta ho gaI / dUsarA kAraNa yaha jAna par3atA hai ki yadyapi usa samayake bahutase logoMne usake aneka mata svIkAra

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kara liye the, to bhI jisa samaya usakI mRtyu huI vaha samaya usake matoMke lie bahudhA anukUla na thA / purAne aura naye mitra / pitAkI mRtyuke anantara mila ' landana rivyU ' meM apanI abhirucike hI lekhoMko sthAna dene lgaa| isase usake kucha purAne mitra aprasanna ho gaye; parantu sAtha hI kaI navIna mitra use aura mila gaye / ina naye mitroM meM kArlAila sabase mukhya thaa| aba isake lekhoMkI landana rivyUmeM dhUma maca gaI / dUsare vidvAnoMke bhI acche acche lekha usameM prakAzita hone lge| tarkazAstrakA punaH prArambha aura landana rivyUse chuTTI / san 1837 meM milane apane tarkazAstra nAmaka granthako phira likhanA Arambha kiyA / yaha grantha usane lagabhaga pA~ca varSa pahale zurU kiyA thA, parantu kaI kAraNoMse vaha use pUrNa na kara sakA thaa| isake kucha dina pIche 'vevela' nAmaka prasiddha naiyAyikakA 'nyAyazAstrakA itihAsa' nAmakA grantha prakAzita huaa| milane use tathA vaise hI aura kaI granthoMkA phira adhyayana tathA manana kiyA aura aba itane samayake pIche usane apane granthakA kAma phira calAyA / ina dinoM mAsika patrake sampAdanakA kArya jorozorase calatA thA to bhI avakAza nikAlakara vaha isa granthako likhatA thA / isa taraha usane lagabhaga do tRtIyAMza granthakA masavidA tayAra kara liyaa| isI samaya, san 1840 meM, mAsika patrakA bhAra kisI dUsarepara DAlakara usane isa bakher3ese chuTTI pA lii| isake bAda yadi use avakAza milatA thA aura kucha AvazyakatA hotI thI to vaha kabhI

Page #46
kabhI lekha likhatA thA aura unheM 'eDinabarA-rivyU meM prakAzita karatA thaa| isa patrake grAhaka bahuta the isa kAraNa apane vicAroMkA adhika prasAra karaneke lie usane isIko pasanda kiyA thaa| tarkazAstrakI samApti aura usakA prakAzana / ___ landana-rivyUse chuTTI pAnepara milane sabase pahale apane tarkazAstrako samApta kiyaa| isake bAda usane lagabhaga eka varSa taka baiThakara isa granthakI phirase nakala kI aura isa samaya khUba soca vicArakara usameM bahutasA saMzodhana tathA parivartana kiyaa| milake jitane grantha haiM ve saba isI paddhatise taiyAra kiye gaye haiN| usakA eka bhI grantha aisA nahIM hai jo kamase kama do bAra na likhA gayA ho| yaha paddhati bahuta hI acchI hai / isase grantha sugama, sundara aura nirdoSa bana jAtA hai / kyoMki jo grantha eka bAra samApta ho jAtA hai, yadi usakA dUsarI bAra svasthatAse avalokana kiyA jAya, to usameM bahutasI bAteM sudhArane aura lauTa phera karane yogya milatI haiN| ___ tarkazAstra taiyAra honepara, san 1841 meM, 'mere ' nAmaka pustakaprakAzakake pAsa bhejA gayA / parantu vaha bhalAmAnasa use kaI mahIne apanI Tebilapara hI rakkhe rahA aura antameM vApisa kara gyaa| isake bAda milane use 'pArkara' nAmaka prakAzakake pAsa bhejA aura usane 1843 kI vasantaRtumeM chapAkara prakAzita kara diyaa| aise gahana viSayoM ke granthoMkI vikrI eka to yoM hI bahuta kama hotI hai, phira yaha grantha eka bilakula hI naI paddhatipara banAyA gayA thA nyAyazAstrakI vaha paddhati usa samaya rUr3ha nahIM thI, to bhI chaH sAla ke bhItara usake tIna saMskAraNa prakAzita ho gye| isase samajhanA cAhie ki milake

Page #47
isa uttama granthakI acchI kadara huI aura usa samaya pAzcAtya dezoMmeM aise granthoMke par3hanekA--kamase kama kharIdanekA-zauka bar3ha calA thaa| milanA julanA kama kara diyA / isa samaya mila mAsika patrase sambandha chor3a cukA thaa| tAtkAlika rAjanaitika praznoMse usane apanA citta haTA liyA thA aura usakI umra bhI kucha adhika ho gaI thii| isa lie aba vaha bahuta hI thor3e logoMse milane julane lgaa| iMglaiMDameM milane julane yA mela mulAkAta bar3hAnekI rIti bahuta hI veDhaMgI hai| usameM bahudhA aisI hI bAteM hotI haiM jo kevala isa lie kI jAtI haiM ki ve paramparAse calI A rahI haiM-para unase prasannatA rattI bhara bhI nahIM hotI hai| vahA~ dasa AdamiyoMkI baiThakameM kisI vAdagrasta mahattvake viSayakI carcA cher3anA to eka prakArakI asabhyatAkA kAma samajhA jAtA hai| phreMcalogoMke samAna choTI choTI bAtopara ha~sI khuzIke sAtha vicAra karanekI vahA~ paddhati nahIM hai| taba vahA~kA milanA julanA kevala lokarUr3hikA. satkAra karanA hai| usase sivAya isake ki kucha bar3e AdamiyoMse jAna pahicAna ho jAtI hai aura kucha lAbha nhiiN| mila jaise tattvajJAnIko aisA milanA julanA kaba pasanda A sakatA thA ? usako isase aruci honI hI cAhie thii| isa prakArake mela-jolase. melajola rakhanevAlekI buddhi kitanI hI unnata kyoM na ho, avanata hone lagatI hai aura usake vicAra kitane hI utkRSTa kyoM na hoM nikRSTa hone lagate haiN| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki use isa mela-jolake maMDalameM apane vilakSaNa vicAroMke prakaTa karanese saMkoca karanA par3atA hai-vaha dekhatA hai ki, yahA~ apane vicAroMko prakaTa karanA ThIka na hogA aura aisA karate karate eka dina use svayaM hI aisA mAlUma hone lagatA hai

Page #48
44 ki yadyapi mere vicAra uccatama haiM tathApi avyavahArika haiM-ve vyavahArameM nahIM lAye jA sakate / isa taraha vaha adhika nahIM to itanI adhodazAko avazya prApta ho jAtA hai ki jisa matase loga prasanna hoM, dhIre dhIre, use hI pratipAdana karane lagatA hai| isaliye jinakI buddhi vilakSaNa hai-jo apane jJAnako vikasita karanA cAhate haiM unheM jahA~ taka bane aise logoMse mela jola kama bar3hAnA caahie| jise apanA sudhAra karanA ho, use cAhie ki aise dhanI, mAnI, ThAThapasanda logoMmeM na ghusakara aise logoMse paricaya bar3hAve jinake vicAra aura jinakI pratibhA apanese unnata ho / isa kAraNase, aura aise hI aura kaI kAraNoMse, milakI mitramaMDalI inI ginI raha gaI / misesa TelarakA pavitra sambandha / milakI rahI huI mitramaMDalImeM misesa Telara mukhya thii| isa samaya usaka eka lar3akI thii| use lekara vaha prAyaH eka gA~vameM rahA karatI thI-landanameM apane patike pAsa bahuta kama rahatI thii| mila usase milane ke lie gA~vameM aura landanameM donoM hI jagaha jAyA karatA thA / usake patikI anupasthitimeM-patike dUra rahanepara bhI vaha usase bArabAra milatA thA aura kabhI kabhI usake sAtha akelA saphara bhI karatA thA / yadi koI sAdhAraNa strI hotI to usake jImeM yaha zaGkA Aye binA nahIM rahatI ki, isase mujhe loga nAma rkkheNge| parantu vaha bar3I hI dRr3hapratijJa aura unnatahRdaya thii| isalie usane aise kamajora khayAloMko kabhI apane pAsa bhI nahIM phaTakane diyaa| isa samaya ina donoMkA jo sambandha thA vaha atizaya ghaniSTa honepara bhI sarvathA pavitra thaa| usameM apavitratAke lie bilakula avakAza nahIM thaa| itanepara

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45 bhI koI jhUThA AkSepa na kara baiThe, isa khayAlase ve apane bAhya AcaraNameM bahuta sAvadhAnI rakhate the| vicAra-parivartana / isa mela jolase milake vicAroM meM aura bhI raddobadala huaa| abhI taka usakA khayAla thA ki vartamAnakAlakI sAmAjika sthitikA yadyapi yaha bar3A bhArI doSa hai ki kucha thor3ese loga janmase hI zrImAn hote haiM aura bAkI janmase hI daridrI hote haiM; tathApi yadi koI kahe ki yaha sthiti bilakula badala sakatI hai to usakA bhrama hai| aisA nahIM ho sktaa| yaha ThIka hai ki dAyabhAgake kucha anyAyapUrNa niyamoMke rada ho jAnese jaise ki bar3A lar3akA sArI sthAvara sampattikA hakadAra hai Adi, yaha duHsthiti kucha kama duHkhakAraka ho sakatI hai, parantu yaha to kabhI nahIM ho sakatA ki soziyAlisToMke kathanAnusAra saba prakArase ' rAmarAjya ' ho jAya / misesa TelarakI satsaMgatise usakA yaha vicAra bahuta kucha badala gayA aura usakI soziyAlisTa-sampradAyakI ora ruci adhikAdhika hone lgii| aba usakA yaha siddhAnta ho gayA ki yaha sthiti, jisameM kucha loga to marate dama taka kisItaraha mara miTakara bhara peTa anna khAneko pAte haiM aura kucha AlasI banakara baiThe baiThe hI mauja kiyA karate haiM, dhIredhIre badala sakatI hai| samAjasudhAra hote hote eka dina aisA A sakatA hai jaba isa anyAyakA dezanikAlA ho jaaygaa| abhI pratyeka manuSya yahI samajhatA hai ki maiMne jisa vastuko parizrama karake pAyA hai vaha kevala merI hI milakiyata hai / parantu Age yaha samajha badalegI aura loga mAnane lageMge ki pratyeka manuSyakI sampattipara samAjakA bhI kucha adhikAra hai / isa samaya manuSya-svabhAvapara jo kevala svArthaparatAkA sAmAjya ho.

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46 rahA hai, isakA kAraNa manuSyakI paristhiti hai| arthAt usake AsapAsake rIti-ravAja, vicAra aura anya vizvAsa Adi aise haiM ki unake kAraNa vaha svArthapara bana jAtA hai / yaha nahIM ki manuSya-svabhAvakA bIja hI aisA hai| bIjameM koI doSa nahIM hai / kAraNa acche milete raheM to sambhava hai ki vartamAna manuSya-svabhAva badala jAya / ___ jaba milakI mAnasika unnati ho rahI thI taba eka bAra aisA maukA AyA thA ki vaha sAmAjika aura rAjakIya viSayoMmeM pratibandha yA bandhana honekA pakSapAtI ho jAtA aura eka bAra isase viruddha, bandhanakA sarvathA virodhI bana jAtA / ina donoM maukoM para misesa Telarane use bahuta saMbhAlA aura usakA jo bhrama thA, use nikAla diyaa| eka to mila pratyeka manuSyase naI bAta sIkhaneke liye sadA udyata aura utsuka rahA karatA thA aura dUsare usakI yaha bhI Adata thI ki vaha jisa naI bAtako-jisa naye matako-sIkhatA thA use purAnese milA detA thA / usameM ye do bAteM aisI thIM ki yadi misesa Telara usakI lagAma nahIM pakar3atI to usake lar3akapanake vicAroMmeM Azcarya nahIM ki vyartha parivartana ho jAtA / vaha use samajhA detI thI ki judA judA matoMkA judA judA dRSTise kyA mahattva hai / isase naye sIkhe yA sune hue matoMko vaha nirarthaka mahattva denekI ora pravRtta nahIM hone pAyA aura dhairya ke sAtha pratyeka matakA mahattva judA judA dRSTise -samajhane socane lgaa| arthazAstrakI racanA aura usakA pracAra / __ milane san 1845 meM 'arthazAstra ' nAmaka granthakA likhanA prArambha karake use san 1847 meM samApta kara diyA / isa granthakI

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bikrI acchI huI / isase mAlUma hotA hai ki usa samaya logoMmeM isa prakArake granthakI cAha thI / pahalI bAra isakI eka hajAra pratiyA~ chapI aura ve eka hI varSake bhItara bika gaI / san 1849 meM usakI itanI hI pratiyA~ aura chapAI gaI aura unake bhI bika jAne para, san 1852 meM, 1250 pratiyoMkA tIsarA saMskaraNa prakAzita kiyA gayA / isa granthakI itanI vikrI honekA eka kAraNa yaha bhI thA ki isameM kevala arthazAstrake tattvoMkA hI vicAra nahIM kiyA gayA hai; kintu yaha bhI batalAyA gayA hai ki ve tattva vyavahArameM kisa taraha A sakate haiM / yaha viSaya iMglaiMDa, skATalaiMDa Adi jude jude dezoMke tAtkAlika itihAsake pratyakSa udAharaNa dekara isameM acchI taraha samajhAyA gayA hai| isake sivA isameM arthazAstrakA bahuta hI vyApaka aura vyAvahArika dRSTi se vivecana kiyA gayA hai aura yaha siddha kara diyA gayA hai ki arthazAstra sAmAjika zAstrakI hI eka Avazyaka zAkhA hai| isase logoMkA yaha bhrama dUra ho gayA ki arthazAstra kevala svArthiyoM, baniyoM aura nirdaya logoMkA zAstra hai / ataeva ve use mahattvakI dRSTise dekhane lge| phuTakara lekha, zaGkA-samAdhAnAdi / isake bAda kucha dinoMtaka milane koI mahattvakA grantha nahIM likhaa| samAcArapatroM tathA mAsikapatroMke lie kabhI kabhI lekha likhanA aura koI kisI viSayameM zaGkAyeM likhakara bheje to usakA samAdhAna likha bhejanA-basa; ina dinoM vaha itanA hI lekhanakArya karatA thaa| __ adhyayana ke viSayameM pUchiye to isa samaya vaha isa ora vizeSa dRSTi rakhatA thA ki saMsArameM kyA ho rahA hai / san 2851 meM jaba

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48 luI nepoliyanakI cAlAkI cala gaI aura phrAnsameM phirase bAdazAhI zurU ho gaI, usane eka prakArase yaha nizcayasA kara liyA ki isa samaya yUropameM svAdhInatA aura sudhArakA paira Age nahIM bar3hanekA / misesa Telarase vivAha sambandha / - san 1851 meM milake. jIvanakramameM eka mahattvapUrNa parivartana huaa| jisa anupamaguNavatI strIke paricayase usane apanI AzAtIta unnati kI thI usIke sAtha usakA vivAha ho gyaa| abhItaka aura itane varSa taka misesa Telarake sAtha usakA kevala mitratAkA nAtA thA / parantu aba vaha nAtA pahalekI apekSA aura bhI ghaniSTha hogayA / isake pahale una donoMne kabhI svapnameM bhI na socA thA ki hamArA parasparakA sambandha itanA pragAr3ha ho jAyagA / yadyapi milake lie isa prakArakA saMyoga bahuta hI lAbhakArI huA aura yaha use abhISTa bhI thA parantu jisa kAkatAlIya nyAyase yaha acintanIya yoga AyA vaha yadi na AtA to use prasannatA hotii| isake na Anese usakI cAhe jitanI hAni hotI vaha use Anandase svIkAra karaneke lie taiyAra thaa| kyoMki vaha misTara Telarako antaHkaraNapUrvaka cAhatA thA-usapara usakA atizaya sneha thA aura usIkI Akasmika tathA AkAlika mRtyuse yaha yoga AyA thaa| misesa Telarake viSayameM to kahanA hI kyA hai ; usakI to apane patike viSayameM yatheSTa AsthA aura prIti thI hii| astu / misTara TelarakI mRtyu julAI, san 1849 meM, huI aura usake lagabhaga do varSa pIche, san 1852 meM yaha vivAhasambandha ho gayA / isa abhinava sambandhase milako jo lAbha huA usakA varNana nahIM ho sakatA /

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ptnii-viyog| milake bhAgyameM yaha sukha kevala sAr3he sAta hI varpake lie likhA thA; adhika nhiiN| san 1859 meM usakA yaha amUlya ratna kho gyaa| isase use jo hAni huI vaha asahya thI / para kyA kare, vivaza hokara use sahanA hI par3A / strIkA viyoga honepara milakA vicAra huA ki maiM sarvasaGgakA parityAgakara duniyAke saba jhagar3oMse judA ho jAU~, parantu phira usane yaha socakara apanA vicAra badala diyA ki usakI patnI jisa sArvajanika sudhArase prema rakhatI thI mujhe usIke viSayameM, apane eka pahiyevAle rathase hI, jitanA bana sake utanA prayatna karate rahanA cAhie / aura yadi vaha jItI hotI to mere isI kAryako pasanda karatI / isa taraha nizcaya karake vaha sArvajanika sudhArake kAmoMmeM mana lagAne lgaa| saMyukta grnthrcnaa| jaba do manuSyoM ke vicAra aura kalpanAoMkI taraGge milakara eka ho jAtI haiM, jaba ve pratidina pratyeka viSayakA khUba UhApoha karake anusandhAna kiyA karate haiM aura jaba ve eka hI mahattattvake AdhArase eka hI prakArakA siddhAnta nizcita karate haiM, taba isa bAtakA nizcaya nahIM ho sakatA ki amuka viSayakI kalpanA sabase pahale kisako suujhii| jisane use apanI lekhanIse likhA ho yadi vaha usIkI kalpanA samajha lI jAya to bhI ThIka nahIM / kyoMki akasara aisA hotA hai aura yaha ThIka bhI mAlUma hotA hai ki una kalpanAoMko lekhanarUpI zRMkhalAse bA~dhaneke kAryameM una donoMmeMse jisakA prayatna bahuta hI kama hotA hai usIkA prayatna kalpanAoMko janma deneke kAryameM

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adhika hotA hai| aisI avasthAmeM kisI saMyukta-racanAmeM nizcayapUrvaka aisA vibhAga nahIM kiyA jA sakatA ki amuka bhAga ekakA aura amuka dUsarekA hai / ataeva milake una granthoMke viSayameM jo ki misesa Telarase mitratAkA aura vivAhakA sambandha honepara race gaye haiM yahI kahA jA sakatA hai ki ve donoMhIke banAye hue haiM-arthAt unameM jo kucha likhA gayA hai vaha donoMke mastakoMkI lagabhaga barAbara barAbara kRti hai| isase adhika nizcita aura spaSTa vibhAga unakA nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / hA~, kaI bAteM aisI bhI haiM jisake viSayameM isase kucha aura bhI adhika spaSTa kahA jA sakatA hai / ina donAkA saMyukta racanAmeM jo kalpanAyeM yA jo jo aMza atizaya mahattvake haiM, jinakA pariNAma atizaya phalaprada huA hai, aura jinake yogase usa racanAkI prasiddhi adhika huI hai, ve saba kalpanAyeM yA aMza misesa Telarake mastakase utpanna hue haiN| aba yadi yaha pUchA jAya ki una kalpanAoM aura aMzoMmeM milakI kRti kitanI thI ? to usakA uttara yaha hai ki usane jisa prakAra apane pUrvake granthakAroMke vicAra par3hakara aura mananakara unakA apanI vicAraparamparAse tAdAtmya kara liyA thA, usI prakAra una kalpanAoM yA aMzoMkA bhI kara DAlA thA / arthAt misesa TelarakI kalpanAoM yA vicAroMko acchI taraha samajhakara unheM sugama rItise lekhabaddha karanekA kArya usane kiyA thA aura isa viSayameM usakI yahI kRti thI / vAlapanase hI usako isa bAta kA anubhava thA ki maiM apane mastakako navIna vicAra utpanna karanekI apekSA dUsaroMke vicAroMko sarvasAdhAraNake samajhane yogya sugama kara denekA kArya bahuta saphalatAke sAtha kara sakatA huuN| use khuda hI isa bAtakA vizvAsa na thA ki merI mastaka nyAyazAstra, AtmazAstra aura arthazAstra Adi

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tAttvika granthoMko chor3akara dUsare viSayake granthoMmeM kucha adhika kara sakatA hai| parantu isa bAtako vaha jorake sAtha kahatA thA ki dUsaroMse kisI viSayake sIkhanekI zakti aura utsAha auroMkI apekSA mujhameM adhika hai| isI kAraNa vaha samajhatA thA ki kaoNlarija, kAralAIla Adike gahana bhASAmeM gUthe hue bahumUlya vicAroMko bAlaka bhI samajha sakeM, aisI saralase sarala aura sugamase sugama rItise prakAzita karanA merA kartavya hai / hA~, unameM jitanA aMza bhramapUrNa yA galata ho, utanA nikAla DAlanA caahie| use isa prakArakI zikSA bAlapanase hI milI thii| isalie ukta vilakSaNa-buddhi-zAlinI strIse jaba isakA vicArasamAgama bahuta hI ghaniSTha huA taba usane apane lie kevala yahI kArya zeSa chor3A ki usake vizAla mastakase nikale hue tattvoMko samajhakara unheM apanI vicAra-paramparAle milA denA aura apane tathA usake vicAroMmeM jo antara ho usako pUrA kara denaa| __ 'nyAyazAstrapaddhati ' nAmakA grantha milakI svatantra racanA hai / usake racanemeM use misesa Telarase kucha bhI sahAyatA nahIM milii| parantu 'arthazAstrake mUlatattva ' nAmaka granthakI racanAmeM misesa Telarane bahuta sahAyatA kI thii| usake jisa bhAgakA sarvasAdhAraNapara bahuta prabhAva par3A use milane usIke sujhAnepara likhA thaa| isa bhAgameM majadUroMkI bhAvI sthitikA vicAra kiyA gayA hai / arthazAstrakA jo pahalA masavidA tayAra kiyA gayA thA usameM yaha viSaya na likhA gayA thaa| usake kahanese hI milake dhyAnameM yaha bAta AI thI ki isa viSayake binA arthazAstra adhUrA raha jAyagA aura, prAyaH usIke mu~hase nikale hue zabdoMmeM usane isa bhAgako likhA thaa| isake sivA milako isa viSayako acchI tarahase samajhanekI sphUrti bhI usIke sujhAnese huI

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thI ki yadyapi arthotpAdanake niyama sRSTi ke niyamoMpara avalambita haiM tathApi arthavibhAgake niyama aise haiM ki ve manuSyoMkI icchApara avalambita rahate haiN| ina do prakArake niyamoMmeM jo mahattvakA bheda hai use pahaleke arthazAstra-praNetAoMne jitanA spaSTa karanA cAhie thA utanA nahIM kiyA thaa| ho sakatA hai ki unakI samajhameM hI yaha acchI taraha na AyA ho / kyoMki unhoMne ina donoM niyamoMko eka dUsarese milA kara gar3abar3a macA dI hai aura 'arthazAstraviSayaka niyama ' nAmaka sAmAnya nAma dekara chuTTI pAlI hai / ina saba bAtoMkA sArAMza yaha hai ki ukta granthakA jitanA tAttvika bhAga hai vaha to milakA hai aura una tattvoMkI jo vyAvahArika yojanA dikhalAI gaI hai vaha misesa Telarake mastakakA prasAda hai| 'svAdhInatA ' milakI aura usakI strIkI saMyukta santAna hai| vaha donahIkI saMyukta kRti hai / usameM eka bhI vAkya aisA nahIM hai jise donoMne ekatra baiThakara kaI bAra sAvadhAnIse na par3hA ho, aneka prakArase jisakA vicAra na kiyA ho aura jisake zabdoM tathA bhAvoMke bArIkase bhI bArIka doSa na nikAla DAle hoN| isIse yadyapi isa granthakA antima saMzodhana nahIM ho pAyA hai, jaisA ki Age kahA jAyagA, to bhI racanA aura bhAvoMkI dRSTise vaha usake sAre granthoMkA ziromaNi samajhA jAtA hai| * svAdhInatAkI racanAke viSayameM itanA kahA jA sakatA hai ki usameM jo vicAraparamparA zabdoMke dvArA prathita huI hai vaha sArIkI sArI milakI strIkI hai| parantu aisA nahIM hai ki usa vicAraparamparAse milakA koI sambandha hI na ho| nahIM, usI vicAraparamparAkA srota milake hRdayameM bhI bahatA thaa| isalie akasara donoMko eka hI sAtha.

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ekahIse vicAra sUjhate the / parantu hameM isa viSayakA vicAra karate samaya yaha na bhUla jAnA cAhie ki milake hRdayameM jo srota bahatA thA usakA bhI kAraNa eka prakArase usakI strI hI thii| abhiprAya yaha hai ki svAdhInatAmeM jo jo kalpanAyeM aura jo jo vicAra haiM, unameM milakA aMza honepara bhI ve usakI guNavatI strIke hI samajhane caahie| vivAhita jIvanake kArya / milake vivAhita jIvanakI, arthAt lagabhaga 7 // varSakI, jo ullekhayogya bAteM haiM unakA sAra yaha hai:___ vivAha honepara milane apane svAsthyakI rakSAke lie iTalI, sisalI aura grIsameM lagabhaga chaH mahIne pravAsa kiyA / san 1856 meM, IsTa iMDiyA kampanIke AphisameM, usakI tarakkI huI aura jaba san 1858 meM kampanI TUTa gaI taba vaha naukarIse judA ho gyaa| san 1856 se 1858 taka ye donoM strI-puruSa 'svAdhInatA ' kI racanAmeM lage rhe| milane isa granthako pahale san 1854 meM eka choTese nibandhake rUpameM likhakara rakha chor3A thA; parantu jaba vaha san 1855 kI janavarImeM romakA pravAsa kara rahA thA taba usakA ekAeka yaha vicAra ho gayA ki use bar3hAkara granthakA svarUpa denA caahie| usane isa granthakI racanA aura saMzodhanameM niHsIma parizrama kiyA / itanA parizrama usane kisI aura granthameM nahIM kiyA / jaisA ki usakA niyama thA usane isa granthako dobAra likhakara rakha chor3A aura, phira, samaya samayapara nikAlakara pratyeka vAkya par3hakara, acchI taraha vicAra karake aura paraspara UhApoha karake saMzodhana kiyA / isake bAda usane nizcaya kiyA ki san 1858-59 kI hemanta RtumeM, jaba dakSiNa yUropakA pravAsa

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karU~gA, use eka bAra phira acchI taraha dekha jAU~gA / parantu usakI yaha icchA pUrNa na ho sakI / phrAnsameM pravAsa karate samaya mArgameM hI usakI pyArI strIkA kapha rogase dehAnta ho gayA / svAdhInatAkA aura saMzodhana phira na ho skaa| viyogI jIvana / apanI ardhAGginIke maranepara vaha apanA jIvana isa prakAra vyatIta karane lagA jisase yaha anubhava hotA rahe ki vaha mere pAsa hI haiusakA viyoga adhika kaSTaprada na ho| jahA~ strIkI samAdhi thI usIke pAsa usane eka jhopar3I kharIda lI aura prAyaH usImeM vaha apanI samaduHkhinI ( TelarakI lar3akI ) ke sAtha rahane lagA / yaha lar3akI hI isa samaya usake santoSakA kAraNa thI / lar3akI bar3I guNavatI aura vinayavatI thii| milako vaha kisI prakArakA kaSTa na hone detI thii| gRha-sambandhinI sArI vyavasthA vahI karatI thii| milakI svargIyA patnIko jo jo bAteM pasanda thIM, niHsIma bhaktimAn puruSake samAna, vaha unhIMke anukUla AcaraNa karatA thA / isa viSayameM usakI avasthA vaisI hI ho gaI thI jaisI ki dharmapara vizvAsa karanevAloMkI huA karatI hai| svAdhInatAkA prakAzana / strIke maranepara milane apane sabase adhika pyAre aura sabase adhika parizramase banAye hue 'svAdhInatA' nAmaka graMthako chapAkara prakAzita kiyA / parantu vaha jaisA rakkhA thA vaisekA vaisA prakAzita kiyA / usameM eka akSarakA bhI parivartana karanA usane ucita na samajhA / yadyapi usakA antima saMzodhana honA bAkI thA, aura yaha

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. bAta kabhI kabhI milako khaTakatI bhI thI; parantu strIviyogakI udAsInatAke kAraNa usakA yaha siddhAnta ho gayA thA ki maiM yadi aba yatna karU~gA bhI, to bhI isa kamIko pUrNa na kara skuuNgaa| svAdhInatAkA samarpaNa usane apanI strIko hI kiyA hai / yaha samarpaNa bahuta vilakSaNa hai / milane usameM apanI strIkI prazaMsAkI hada kara dI hai| svAdhInatAkI uttamatA aura upayogitA / milake saba granthoMmeM, tarkazAstrako chor3akara, svAdhInatA hI sabase adhika cirasthAyinI racanA hai| kyoMki isameM usake aura usakI strIke mAnasika vicAroMkA saMyoga huA hai aura eka mahAsiddhAntapara mAno yaha eka saTIka sUtra-grantha bana gayA hai / vaha mahAsiddhAnta yaha hai,-" aneka svabhAvoMke manuSya utpanna hone denA aura unake svabhAvoMko aneka tathA paraspara-viruddha dizAoMkI ora bar3hane denA vyakti aura samAja donoMke lie hitakArI hai| " samAjameM isa samaya jo banAva-bigAr3a ho rahe haiM jo krAnti ho rahI hai-usakI ora dekhanese ina siddhAntoMko aura bhI adhika dRr3hatA prApta ho jAtI hai| jisa samaya yaha grantha prakAzita huA usa samaya ve loga jinheM antardRSTi na thI-jo kevala Upara hI Upara dekhate the-kahane lage ki vartamAna samayameM aise granthakI AvazyakatA na thI / parantu vAstavameM isa siddhAntake pratipAdanakA logoMke cittapara bar3A prabhAva par3A aura, par3anA hI cAhie / kyoMki isa siddhAntakI nIva bahuta gaharI hai / __ jaise jaise sudhAra hotA jAtA hai taise taise sAmAjika samatA aura lokamatakI prabalatA bar3hatI jAtI hai aura isase AcAra-vicArakI samatAkA atyAcArI jUA~ mAnava-jAti ke kaMdhepara rakkhe jAnekA bhaya

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rahatA hai| arthAt yaha Dara ho jAtA hai ki kahIM saba logoMke AcAravicAra ekase na ho jaayeN| kyoMki ekase AcAra-vicAroMkA honA mAnava-jAtikI unnatiko rokanevAlA hai / jo kevala vartamAna sthitikA avalokana karanevAle haiM-bhaviSyakI burAI bhalAIko nahIM soca sakate haiM-unheM isa prakArake bhayakI kalpanA honI Azcarya-janaka mAlUma hogaa| arthAt ve yaha na samajha sakeMge ki AcAra-vicArakI samatA bhayaprada kyoM hai ? isase manuSyajAtikA kyA akalyANa hotA hai ? unheM isa viSayameM Azcarya honA hI cAhie / isa samaya samAja aura saMsthAoMmeM bar3I bhArI krAnti ho rahI hai / isase yaha kAla naye naye vicAroMkI utpattike lie anukUla hai aura isa samaya loga navIna vicAroMke sunanemeM bhI pahaleke samAna haTha nahIM karate haiM unheM zaukase sunate haiN| parantu yaha smaraNa rakhanA cAhie ki jaba purAne vicAra aura vizvAsa DagamagAne lagate hai aura navIna vicAra asthira rahate haiM, usa samaya aisA hotA hI hai / isa krAntikAlameM jina logoMke mastakoMmeM thor3I bahuta tejI rahatI hai ve adhikAMza prAcIna vicAroMko to chor3a dete haiM aura jo zeSa vicAra raha jAte haiM unake viSayameM unheM yaha zaGkA rahatI hai ki na jAne ye sthira raheMge yA nhiiN| isalie unheM navIna matoMke sunanekI bar3I utkaNThA rahatI hai| aisI dazAmeM to sacamuca hI ekase AcAra-vicAroMke honekI bhIti nahIM rahatI hai| parantu aisI sthiti cirakAla taka nahIM rhtii| jaba taka krAntikAla rahatA hai tabhI taka rahatI hai| Age kyA hotA hai ki dhIre dhIre kisI eka vicAra-samudAyako loga mAnane lagate haiMusapara dRr3ha vizvAsa karane lagate haiM aura phira usa vicArasamudAyake anukUla sAmAjika saMsthAyeM banane lagatI haiM, tathA krama

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kramase usIkA maNDana karanevAlI zikSA pAThazAlAoMmeM bhI dI jAne lagatI hai / pariNAma isakA yaha hotA hai ki jina pramANoMse pahale yaha nizcaya kiyA gayA thA ki ukta vicAra-samUha purAne vicAroMkI apekSA acchA hai una pramANoMko hI loga eka prakArase bhUla jAte haiN| kyoMki manuSya jina vicAroMko nizcita aura nirdhAnta samajhane lagatA hai unake pramANoMkI ora , usakI sahaja hI upekSA hone lagatI hai| aura, aisA hote hI purAne vicAroM yA matoMke samAna ye navIna mata bhI veda-vAkya bana jAte haiM aura unhIMkI sattA prabala hokara manuSyake vicAroMko saGkucita karane lagatI hai-unakI bAr3hako roka detI hai / AcAra-vicAroMkI samatAse isI bAtakA bar3A bhArI bhaya rahatA hai| __ aba yaha bAta vicAraNIya hai ki ina navIna vicAroMkA bhI aisA hI anarthakara pariNAma hogA yA nahIM-arthAt ye veda-vAkya bana jAveMge yA nahIM ? hamArI samajhameM isake hone na honekA sArA dAromadAra manuSya-jAtikI buddhipara hai| yadi isa bAtakA khayAla rakkhA jAyagA ki cAhe koI navIna mata ho; cAhe prAcIna ho, usapara vinA puSTa pramANa mile zraddhA na karanI cAhie, to ukta anarthakAraka pariNAma na hogA / aura, yadi na rakkhA jAyagA-jahA~ taka hama soca sakate haiM, na rakkhe jAnekI hI sambhAvanA adhika hai to usa samaya svAdhInatAmeM pratipAdana kiye hue siddhAntakA atizaya upayoga hogaa| svAdhInatAmeM nUtanatva / yadi pUchA jAya ki isa granthameM nayApana kyA hai ? to isakA uttara yaha hai ki jo siddhAta sarvajJAta haiM jinheM saba jAnate haiM-unhIMkA

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isameM vicAra aura vivecanApUrvaka pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai / basa yahI nayApana hai / isameM jisa mukhya siddhAntakA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai, manuSya samAjameM vaha barAbara sthira rahA hai / aisA kabhI nahIM huA ki manuSyajAti use sarvathA bhUla gaI ho / itanA avazya hai ki pahaleke adhikAMza samayoMmeM thor3ese vicArazIla logoMke cittoMmeM hI usakA astitva rahA hai| pesTAlojI' nAmaka prasiddha granthakartAkA vilakSaNa buddhi aura prayatnase jo zikSA aura saMskAra-sambandhI vicAra jAgRta hue haiM, unameM isa siddhAntake spaSTa cihna dIkha par3ate haiM / hambolTa sAhabane to isa siddhAntake pracArakA bIr3A hI uThAyA thaa| jarmanImeM bhI isa siddhAntake mAnanevAloMkI kamI nahIM rahI hai / unameMse bahutoMne to vyaktisvAtantryakI aura isa matakI ki-" apane naitika svabhAvako cAhe jisa ora jhukAnekA pratyeka manuSyako naisargika adhikAra hai " eka prakArase atizayokti hI kara DAlI thii| iMglaiMDameM yadi dekhA jAya to svAdhInatAke prakAzita honeke pahale vili. yama mekAlene 'vyaktimAhAmtya' para kaI nibandha likhe the| aura, amerikAmeM to vaoNrana nAmake eka puruSane 'vyaktisAmrAjya' kI nIvapara eka nayA pantha hI sthApita kiyA thaa| usane bahutase anuyAyI bhI banA liye the / vaha apane anuyAyiyoMkA eka judA gA~va hI basAnA cAhatA thA, parantu mAlUma nahIM huA ki yaha pantha rahA yA naSTa ho gayA / matalaba yaha ki milakA vaha siddhAnta, jisakA ki usane svAdhInatAmeM pratipAdana kiyA hai, bilakula nayA nahIM hai| usake pahaleke vidvAn bhI usake viSayameM vicAra karate Aye haiM / parantu milakI vivecana-paddhati aisI uttama hai-usane isa siddhAntako aisI uttamatAse samajhAyA hai--ki usakI zatamukhase prazaMsA karanI par3atI hai /

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kucha nibandha aura do grantha / thor3e dina bAda milane ' pAraliyAmeMTake sudhArasambadhI vicAra " nAmaka nibandha likhakara prakAzita kiyaa| isameM usane isa bAtapara vicAra kiyA hai ki gupta rItise mata (voTa) denekI cAla acchI nahIM hai aura jinheM thor3e voTa mile aise bhI kucha pratinidhi pAraliyAmeMTameM rahane caahie| isake pIche usane mAsika patroMmeM kucha nibandha likhe aura apane pahaleke likhe hue kucha nibandhoMko pustakAkAra prakAzita karAyA / phira 1860 aura 1861 meM usane do grantha aura taiyAra kiye / pahalA 'pratinidhisattAka rAjyavyavasthA ' aura dUsarA 'striyoMkI prtntrtaa'| pahalA grantha tatkAla hI chapakara prakAzita ho gayA / usameM isa navIna matakA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai ki pratinidhiyoMkI virATra sabhAmeM kAnUna banAnekA yogyatA bilakula nahIM hotI hai| isa kAmake lie cune hue rAjakArya-catura vidvAnoMkA eka -- kamIzana ' rahanA cAhie aura unake nirmANa kiye hue kAnUnoMko pAsa karane na karanekA kAma pratinidhi-sabhAko denA caahie| dUsarA grantha tatkAla hI prakAzita na hokara san 1869 meM prakAzita huA / kyoMki pahale usakI icchA thI ki usameM samaya samayapara saMzodhana karake aura use vizeSa upayogI banAkara prasiddha karU~gA / parantu pIche vaha vaisA na kara sakA / isa granthameM strIjAtikI paratantratAkA var3A hI hRdayadrAvaka citra khIMcA gayA hai Ara yaha batalAyA gayA hai ki strI-jAti puruSajAtise zArIrika, mAnasika Adi kisI bhI zaktimeM nyUna nahIM hai| usameM hara tarahake zreSThase zreSTha kArya karanekI yogyatA hai / parantu puruSoMne apanI cirakAlIna svArthaparatAke kAraNa use kevala apanI sukhasAmagrI banA rakkhA hai / puruSoMko aba sadayahRdaya hokara isa svArtha

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60 paratAko aura isa avicAritaramya samajhako chor3akara ki strIjAtiko dAsI banAye rakhanemeM hI saMsArakA kalyANa hai, striyoM ko svAdhInatAkI svargIya sudhAkA dAna karanA caahie| isa granthameM bhI jo gambhIratA aura marmabhedakatA hai vaha saba milakI guNavatI strIkA prasAda hai| upayogitA tttv| isake bAda milane -- upayogitA tatva ' nAmaka granthako chapavAkara prakAzita kiyaa| usane apanI strIkI jIvitAvasthAmeM isa viSayake jo lekha likhakara rakha chor3e the unhIMko ekatra karake aura unhIMmeM kucha saMzodhana, parivartana aura parivardhana karake isa granthako taiyAra kiyaa| amerikAkA yuddha / upayogitAtattvake chapanake pahale hI amerikAkA pArasparika yuddha zurU ho gayA thA / vahA~ke dakSiNa aura uttarake rAjyoMmeM gulAmoMke sambandhameM bahuta dinoMse kalaha ho rahA thA / yaha bAta milako acchI taraha mAlUma thii| isa lie usane tatkAla hI tAr3a liyA ki yaha yuddha rAjyoMke bIcameM nahIM, kintu svAdhInatA aura gulAmIke bIcameM ThanA hai| parantu iMglaiMDake UparA UparI dRSTivAle rAjanItijJoMke khayAlameM yaha bAta nahIM aaii| unhoMne yaha samajha liyA ki gulAmoMkA vyApAra karanevAle dakSiNI rAjya isa viSayameM niraparAdha isIlie ve uttarIya rAjyoMke viruddha lekha likhane tathA vyAkhyAnAdi bhI dene lge| usa samaya isa besamajhIko dUra karaneke lie milane bahuta prayatna kiyA aura usameM use thor3I bahuta saphalatA bhI prApta huii| hemilTanake tattvazAstrakI parIkSA / isake kucha samaya pIche milane ' hemilTanake tattvazAstrakI parIkSA' nAmaka granthakI racanA kii| usa samaya sara viliyama hemilTana eka

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prasiddha tattvajJa samajhA jAtA thA / san 1860 aura 1861 meM usake tattvazAstra-viSayaka vyAkhyAna chapakara prakAzita hue| inhIM vyAkhyAnoMkI samAlocanA karaneke lie yaha grantha likhA gyaa| isa samaya tattvajJoMke do dala ho rahe the-eka upajatabuddhivAdI aura dUsarA anubhavavAdI / inameMse hemilTana pahale dalakA aura mila dUsare dalakA anuyAyI thaa| ina donoM matoMmeM jo bheda hai vaha kevala kAlpanika nahIM hai / kyoMki pahalA mata sudhAra aura mAnavIya unnatike pratikUla hai aura dUsarA anukUla hai / jo bAteM rUr3ha ho jAtI hai unake viSayameM manuSyoMkA vizvAsa bahuta hI dRr3ha ho jAtA hai| una bAtoMkA unheM yahA~ taka abhimAna ho jAtA hai ki ve unake viruddha kisI kAryake karaneko manuSya-svabhAvake viruddha zaitAnoMkA kAma kahate haiN| isa prakArake vicAroMpara anubhavavAdiyoMkA zastra khUba calatA hai / inakA siddhAnta hai ki jJAna, vizvAsa, manobhAva Adi sabakI racanA anubhava yA abhyAsase hotI hai| abhiprAya yaha hai ki jina jina bAtoMko hama lar3akapanase athavA bahuta samayase acchI yA burI samajhane aura mAnane lagate haiM, abhyAsake kAraNa hameM vahI acchI yA burI mAlUma hone lagatI haiN| isalie anubhavavAdI kahate haiM ki isa prakArake manobhAva abhyAsase badale jA sakate haiM aura phira icchita sudhAra kiyA jA sakatA hai| upajatabuddhivAdI isa bAtako bilakula kahIM maante| unakA mata hai ki manobhAva Apa hI Apa utpanna hote haiM, unake honemeM anubhava yA abhyA-- sakI apekSA nahIM hai| isalie ve kisI prakAra badale nahIM jA skte| isase upajata-buddhi ke viruddha sudhAra nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| usake karanekA yatna karanA zaitAnoMkA kAma hai| isase pAThaka samajha sakate haiM ki milako hemilTanake viruddha kyoM lekhanI uThAnI pdd'ii|

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homalTanake tattvazAstrakA paryavasAna daivavAdapara hI hotA hai-anta meM vaha daivavAdapara hI ThaharatA hai aura yaha manuSya-samAjako AlasI banAnevAlA hai| pahale isa nirupayogI tattvake viruddha do grantha-prakAzita ho cuke the| eka to milake pitA jemsa milakA "manakA pRthakkaraNa" aura dUsarA bena sAhabakA 'mana' / aba milake isa tIsare granthake prakAzita honese anubhavavAdiyoMkA bala bahuta bar3ha gayA / hemilTanake daivavAdako milakI niSpakSa kintu tejasvinI lekhanIne DhIlA kara diyaa| isa viSayameM use khAsI saphalatA huI / AgasTa kAmTIke matakI samAlocanA / phrAnsameM 'AgasTa kAmTI' nAmakA eka tattvavettA ho gayA hai / iMglaiMDakI prajA pahale isake granthoM yA siddhAntoMse bilakula anabhijJa thI / parantu isake bahutase siddhAnta acche aura upayogI the / isa lie milane apane lekhoMmeM vizeSa karake ' tarkazAstra ' nAmaka graMthoM unakI khUba hI prazaMsA kI thii| isa taraha milake hI dvArA iMglaiMDameM usakI prasiddhi huI thii| yaha prasiddhi yahA~taka huI ki loga use usa yugakA prakhyAta tattvavettA samajhane lage aura isa zraddhAke vazavartI hokara bahutase loga usake acche siddhAntoMke sAtha sAtha bhramapUrNa aura agrAhya siddhAntoMko bhI mAnane lage / milane usa samaya, jaba ki kAmTI iMglaiMDameM aparacita thA, usake guNoMko prakAzita karanA aura doSoMke viSayameM mauna rahanA acchA samajhA thaa| parantu aba, jaba usake agrAhya matoMkA bhI grahaNa hone lagA, usase cupa nahIM rahA gayA aura jisa taraha eka dina kAmTIkI stuti karanekA bhAra usane liyA thA, usI taraha aba usakI yogya samAlocanA karanekA bhAra bhI usIko uThAnA pdd'aa| " vesTa minisTara rivyU ' meM

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63 usane isa viSayameM do nibaMdha likhe aura unameM kAmTIke siddhAntoMkI bahuta hI pANDityapUrNa samAlocanA kii| isameM usane kAmTIke siddhAntoMkA itihAsa, unakA mahattva, unakI uttamatA-anuttamatA Adi bAtoMkA pakSapAtarahita hokara pratipAdana kiyA / kucha samaya pIche ye nibandha pustakAkAra bhI prakAzita kiye gaye / tIna granthoMke saste saMskaraNa / iMglaiMDake majadUroMne milake kaI granthoMpara mugdha hokara usase prArthanA kI ki Apa apane amuka amuka granthoMko jitane saste ho sakeM utane saste karanekI kRpA kIjie / tadanusAra usane san 1865 meM apane ' arthazAstra,' 'pratinidhi-sattAka rAjyapaddhati' aura 'svAdhInatA' ina tIna granthoMke saste saMskaraNa chapAkara prakAzita kiye / ye tInoM hI grantha majadUroMkI samajhameM Ane yogya sugama aura upayogI the / ina AvRttiyoMke mUlyameM milane bilakula munAphA nahIM rakkhA / saba grantha lAgatake dAmoMpara bece gaye / yadyapi isa kAryameM Arthika dRSTise milako bahutasI hAni uThAnI par3I; parantu ina saste saMskaraNoMke prakAzita honese ukta granthoMkI itanI prasiddhi huI ki Age ukta granthoMke prakAzaka use apane munAphekA kucha hissA khuzIse dene lge| pAraliyAmeMTakI membrii| vesTa minisTarake logoMne, san 1865 meM, milase prArthanA kI ki Apa hamArI orase pAraliyAmeMTakI membarIkI ummedavArI kiijie| ___ isake dasavarSa pahale AyaleMDakI orase bhI isI prakArakA AmaMtraNa AyA thaa| kyoMki usa samaya vahA~kI bhUmike sambandhameM eka * ulajhanakA prazna khar3A huA thA / usake viSayameM milakA mata unake

Page #68
64 bilakula anukUla thA aura vahA~ke aguA use pasanda bhI karate the| parantu usa samaya mila isa AmaMtraNako svIkAra na kara sakA thaa| kyoMki usa samaya vaha IsTa iNDiyA kampanIkI naukarI karatA thA / usake pAsa isa kAryake lie samaya na thaa| ___ jaba san 1858 meM mila naukarIse alaga ho gayA taba usake mitroMkI prabala icchA huI ki vaha pAraliyAmeMTameM praveza kare / parantu usakA pAraliyAmeMTakA sabhAsada honA eka prakArase asambhava hI thaa| kyoMki eka to usake vicAra aura vizvAsa logoMko bilakula pasanda na the aura dUsare vaha kisI pakSakA AjJAkArI na honA cAhatA thA / aba rahA bahutasA dhana kharca karake isa kAryako siddha karanA. so ise vaha anyAya samajhatA thA-isase use bahuta hI ghRNA thii| usakA yaha mata thA ki cunAvake kAryameM jo kucha ucita kharca ho use yA to sarakArako karanA cAhie yA sthAnIya myUnisipAlaTiyoMko / ummedavAroMke jo pRSThapoSaka yA sahAyaka hoM unheM cAhie ki ve vinA kucha liye diye unake guNoMko cunanevAloMke sAmane prakaTa kareM athavA jarUrata ho to isake lie ve apanI khuzIse kucha candA ekaTThA kara leM / parantu yaha haragija na honA cAhie ki sArvajanika kAryoMkA bhAra leneke lie kisIko apanI gA~Thake paise kharca karane par3eM / aisA karanA eka prakArase sabhAsadIkI kharIda karanA hai / jo manuSya aisI kharIda karatA hai vaha mAno yaha prakaTa karatA hai ki maiM sArvajanika buddhise nahIM, apane kisI svArthase sabhAsada hotA huuN| isa kharIdIkI paddhatise sabase adhika hAni yaha hotI hai ki dhanavAn kintu guNahIna ummedavAra to vijayI ho jAte haiM, para guNavAn kintu dhanahIna athavA dhana kharca na karanevAle pIche raha jAte haiN| aura isase

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kAnUna banAnevAlI sabhA jitanI joradAra honI cAhie utanI nahIM ho pAtI / vaha akasara kahA karatA thA ki dhana kharca karake ema0 pI0 bananekI apekSA to mere lie yahI acchA hai ki grantha likhakara logoMkA upakAra karatA rahU~ / milake isa prakArake vicAroMse usake mitroMkI icchA bahuta dinoM taka pUrNa na huI / ___ parantu abakI daphe ( san 1865 meM ) vesTa minisTaravAle usake pIche par3a gaye / ve usapara mugdha hokara yahA~ taka kahane lage ki ApakA nAma bagairaha saba hamIM sUcita kareMge, Apako isake lie koI prayatna na karanA pdd'egaa| taba milane isa khayAlase ki pIcheke lie koI jhaMjhaTa na raha jAya apane jo jo vicAra aura siddhAnta the. unheM sApha sApha zabdoMmeM likhakara de diye aura yaha bhI likha diyA ki maiM na to voTa ekaDe karane aura kharca karaneke prapaMcameM paDhUMgA aura na isa bAtakA hI vacana de sakatA hU~ ki sabhAsada honepara maiM sthAnIya bAtoMke viSayameM kucha prayatna kruuNgaa| una logoMke kaI praznoMke uttara dete hue usane eka jagaha apanA yaha mata bhI prakaTa kara diyA ki puruSoMke samAna striyoMko bhI voTa denekA aura sabhAsada honekA adhikAra honA caahie| cunAva karanevAloMke sAmane isa taraha spaSTatAse apane mata prakaTa karanA milakA hI kAma thaa| isake pahale kisI bhI ummedavArane aisI nispRhatA pradarzita na kI thI / itanepara bhI vaha vesTa minisTarakI orase pAraliyAmeMTakA meMbara ho gyaa| usa samaya kisIko svapnameM bhI yaha khayAla nahIM thA ki aisA spaSTavaktA rASTrIya-sabhAkA sabhAsada ho jAyagA / isa viSayameM eka prasiddha granthakartAne to yahA~ taka kaha

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66 DAlA ki itanA spaSTavAdI aura nispRha banakara yadi sarvazaktimAn Izvara bhI cAhatA to iMglaiMDakI pAraliyAmeMTakA membara na bana sakatA ! ___ isa cunAvake samaya mata denevAloMkI orase jo jo prazna hote the, unake vaha nirbhaya hokara khUba sApha sApha uttara detA thA / yadyapi isake uttara logoMko rucikara nahIM hue, to bhI usakI spaSTavAditAkA unapara AzAtIta prabhAva par3A aura isase use bahuta lAbha huaa| isakA udAharaNa sunie; usane apane kisI eka nibandhameM pahale kabhI likhA thA ki "yadyapi jhUTha bolanemeM iMglaiMDake majadUroMko auroMkI apekSA kucha adhika lajA mAlUma hotI hai tathApi ve bahudhA jhUTha bolanevAle hI hote haiM !" jaba vaha majadUroMkI eka sabhAmeM vyAkhyAna de rahA thA, taba kisIne usake nibandhakA ukta aMza chapAkara sAre majadUroMmeM bA~Ta diyA / use par3hakara kisI majadUrane pUchA ki kyA Apane apane kisI nibandhameM aisA likhA thA ? milane kisI prakArakI TAlaTUla kiye binA tatkAla hI uttara diyA-hA~ merA aisA hI vizvAsa hai aura usIko maiMne apane nibandhameM likhA hai / yaha sunate hI zrotAoMne eka sAtha agaNita tAliyoMkA zabda kiyaa| usa samaya ummedavAra akasara yaha cAla calA karate the ki jo bAta mata denevAloMke anukUla na hotI thI-unheM aprasanna karanevAlI hotI thI-usake viSayameM ve luDhukatA huA yA duTappA uttara dete the| jaba majadUroMne dekhA ki mila usa cAlakA AdamI nahIM hai-vaha sApha sApha kahanevAlA hai taba ve cir3haneke badale ulaTA usake bhakta ho gaye / vyAkhyAna samApta honepara unameMse ekane kahA-" hama yaha kabhI nahIM cAhate haiM ki koI hamAre doSa na prakaTa kare / hama yathArthavaktA mitra cAhate haiM, khuzamasakhare aura cApalUsI

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karanevAle nhiiN| hama Apake kRtajJa haiM jo Apane hamAre viSayameM apane vicAra sApha sApha prakaTa kara diye / " yaha sunakara logoMne phira tAliyA~ bajAkara prasannatA prakaTa kii| isa prakAra vijayI hokara mila pAraliyAmeMTakA membara ho gayA aura lagAtAra tIna varSataka isa padapara banA rahA / ina tIna varSoMmeM jo pAraliyAmeMTake sudhArakA bila peza huA usakA khUba Andolana huA aura bahuta vAdavivAdake pazcAt antameM vaha pAsa ho gyaa| isa arase meM pAraliyAmeMTameM isake bahutase vyAkhyAna hue / yadyapi isakI vaktRttva-zakti bahuta acchI na thI to bhI vaha jo kucha kahatA thA, sapramANa kahatA thA / usakI dalIleM bahuta majabUta hotI thiiN| glaiDasTana sAhabane usakI dalIloMkI bahuta prarA~sA kI hai / sudhArake kAnUnakA jA masavidA ukta glaiDasTana sAhabane peza kiyA thA usapara usake bar3e mArmika vyAkhyAna hue the aura unakA asara bhI acchA par3A thaa| phA~sIkA sajA bilakula uThA denA ThIka nahIM hai| dUsaroMke jahAjoMpara bhI barAmada huA zatrukA mAla japta karanA caahie| vyaktike guNoMko dekhakara mata denekA adhikAra denA cAhie-dhana vaibhava dekhakara nhiiN| ityAdi viSayoMpara jo usake kaI vyAkhyAna hue ve usa samayake sudhArakoMko bhI pasanda na aaye| jisa sudhArake viSayameM bahuta kama loga kucha kahaneke lie taiyAra hote the, arthAt jo pakSa acchA hokara bhI balahIna hotA thA, milakA kucha aisA hI svabhAva thA ki vaha usI pakSako letA thA aura usIkA khUba sApha sApha zabdoMmeM pratipAdana karatA thaa| jisa samaya AyalaiMDake eka sabhAsadane AyalaiMDake anukUla eka bila peza kiyA, usa samaya usakA anumodana sabase pahale milahIne kiyA / yaha bila iMglaiMDake aura skATalaiMDake logoM ko itanA

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68 nApasaMda thA ki unameMse kevala cAra hI sabhAsadoMne usake anukUla mata diyA thaa| milakA pA~cavA~ mata thaa| milane apane ' pratinidhisattAka-rAjyapaddhati ' nAmaka granthameM eka jagaha likhA thA ki " TorIpakSako hamezAse aise hI ( mUrkha ) loga milate rahe haiM aura Age bhI aise hI milate raheMge / arthAt yaha hamezA mahAmUroMkA hI pakSa rahegA / " eka bAra TorIpakSake eka mukhiyAne milake ukta vAkyoMkA ullekha karanekA prayatna kiyaa| parantu janAvako leneke dene par3a gaye / milakA niruttara honA to dUra rahA usa dina TorIpakSakI aisI miTTI palIda kI gaI ki usa dinase usakA nAma hI ' mUr3hapakSa ' par3a gayA aura vaha bahuta varSoM taka pracalita rahA / jisa samaya glaiDasTana sAhabakA sudhArasambandhI bila peza huA usa samaya milane -- majadUroMko mata denekA adhikAra milanA cAhie / isa viSayameM eka bar3A hI jozIlA vyAkhyAna diyA / isake kucha dina pIche majadUroMne nizcaya kiyA ki isa viSayameM laMdanake 'hAiDa pArka' nAmaka vizAla caukameM eka virAT sabhA karanI caahie| usa samaya TorI-pradhAnamaMDala adhikArArUr3ha thA / usane pulisake dvArA isa bAtakA prabandha kiyA ki yaha sabhA na hone pAve / isase majadUra loga cir3ha gaye aura pulisase ulajha par3e / mArapITa zurU ho gaI / bahutase niraparAdhiyoMko mAra khAnI pdd'ii| usa samaya to sabhA na hone pAI, parantu majadUroMne kupita hokara yaha nizcaya kiyA ki astra-zastrase susajjita hokara phira sabhA karanI caahie| udhara pradhAnamaMDalane phaujI aphasarako AjJA dI ki yaha sabhA haragija na hone paave| logoMko bhaya ho gayA ki aba zAnti

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rahanA kaThina hai / koI na koI bhayaGkara anartha hue vinA na rhegaa| mila pAraliyAmeMTameM majadUra pakSakI orase bolA karate the| isalie unase prArthanA kI gaI ki Apa madhyastha banakara isa upadravako zAnta karA deveM-majadUroMko samajhA deveM-ki ve apanI sabhA hAiDa pArkameM nahIM, kahIM anyatra karanekA prayatna kreN| usake sAtha sAtha 'rADikala ' pakSake aura bhI kaI sabhAsadoMse isa jhagar3emeM madhyastha bananeke lie kahA gayA / yadyapi majadUroMke jo ague the ve samajhadAra the isalie AjJAke viruddha calanA unheM pasanda na thA; parantu sAmAnya majadUra itane cir3ha gaye the ki unheM usa viSayameM kisIkI bAta sunanA bhI pasanda na thaa| aise kaThina samayameM milane unase jAkara kahA"bhAiyo, sarakArI phaujake sAtha yuddha karanA do avasthAoMmeM ThIka ho sakatA hai-eka to balavA karane yogya rAjyakI avyavasthA ho aura dUsare apane pAsa kamase kama itanI tayArI ho ki balavA kiyA jAya aura usameM vijaya prApta ho / yadi tuma samajho ki rAjyakI vyavasthA ThIka nahIM hai aura hamArI tayArI bhI pUrI pUrI hai to bezaka balavA kara DAlo; maiM nahIM rokatA / " yaha mArmika vacana sunakara majadUroMkI buddhi ThikAne AgaI / unhoMne kAnUnake viruddha calanekA vicAra chor3a diyA / usa samaya milako chor3akara majadUroMpara jinakA kucha vajana par3atA thA aise kevala do hI manuSya the--eka glaiDasTana aura dUsarA brAiTa / parantu glaiDasTana libarala pakSakA aguA thA, aura libarala pakSa usa samaya adhikAracyuta thA / isalie vaha to kucha kaha nahIM sakatA thA. rahA brAiTa so vaha usa samaya landanameM na thaa| . jaba AyalaiMDakA bhUmisambandhI bila pAraliyAmeMTameM do tIna bAra peza honepara bhI pAsa nahIM huA, taba AyalaiMDameM bar3I gar3abar3a maca

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70 gaI / Ayariza loga kahane lage ki hama iMglaiMDase bilakula judA hoNge| aise lakSaNa dekha par3ane lage ki, yadi jamIMdAroM aura kisAnoMke sambandhameM sudhAra na kiye jAyeMge to vaha deza kisIkI kucha sunegA hI nahIM / yaha prasaMga dekhakara milane, san 1868 meM,, ' iMglaiMDa aura AyalaiMDa ' nAmakA eka nibandha likhakara prakAzita kiyA / yaha nibandha bahuta hI spaSTatA aura nirmIkatAse likhA gayA / usameM mukhyatAse yaha pratipAdana kiyA ki-" yaha koI nahIM cAhatA ki ina donoM dezoMkA sambandha TUTa jAya / isa samaya jo kisAna haiM unase jamInakA mahasUla kyA liyA jAyagA, yaha sadAke lie ThaharA denA cAhie aura unheM sthAyI kisAna banA denA cAhie / isa taraha jamIdAroM aura kisAnoMkA jhagar3A miTA denA caahie|" yaha nibandha AyalaiMDake logoMko chor3akara aura kisIko pasanda na aayaa| usa samaya usakA kucha bhI phala na huA / milane bhI use tAtkAlika phalake lie na likhA thaa| usane use bhaviSyakI AzA rakhakara isa kahAvatake anusAra likhA thA ki " yadi hakase bahuta mA~gA jAya to thor3A to milatA hI hai / " huA bhI yahI / san 1870 meM jo glaiDasTana sAhabakA isI viSayasambandhI bila pAsa huA usakA kAraNa aneka aMzoMmeM yahI nibandha thaa| a~garejalogoMkA prAyaH yaha svabhAvasA par3a gayA hai ki ve madhyamazreNIke niyamako hI jaldI maMjUra karate haiN| unheM mAlUma honA cAhie ki yaha niyama madhyama zreNIkA hai / jaba taka unake sAmane koI bahuta ucca zreNIkI bAta nahIM lAI jAtI tabataka usa viSayakI cAhe jitanI sAmAnya bAta kyoM na ho unheM bar3I dikhatI hai / isalie yadi kisI viSayameM unakI anukUlatAkI jarUrata ho, to unake sAmane pahale usakI apekSA adhika bar3e viSayakA

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hauA khar3A karanA caahie| aisA karanese ve apanI svAbhAvika cir3hako to usa bar3e hauepara nikAla legeM aura sAmAnya viSayako cupakese svIkAra kara leNge| AyalaiMDake bhUmi-sambandhI praznake viSayameM bhI yahI bAta huI / milane apane nibandhameM jo bAta likhI thI, vaha to a~garejoMko bahuta bar3I mAlUma huI, parantu usakI apekSA kicit hI choTI glaiDasTanake bilakI bAta unheM sAmAnya mAlUma par3I / isalie unhoMne use san 1870 meM svIkAra kara liyaa| ___ isI arasemeM milane eka aura bhI sArvajanika kArya kiyA aura isase usakI bahuta kIrti huI / jamaikA nAmakA eka TApU a~garejoMke adhikArameM hai / vahA~ke nivAsI havazI kahalAte haiM / unhoMne sarakArI julmase taMga Akara balavA kara diyA aura usakI sajA unheM yaha dI gaI ki vahA~ke gavarnarasAhabane unameMse saikar3oM niraparAdhI manuSyoMko apanI senAke dvArA tamAma karavA diyA ! itanehIse isa anyAyakI samApti na huii| balavA zAnta ho jAnepara puruSa hI nahIM, abalA striyA~ taka cAbukoMse piTavAI gaIM aura jina iMglaiMDa nivAsiyoMne pahale gulAmI uThA denekA pakSa liyA thA unhoMne gavarnarasAhabake isa pAzavika atyAcArakA anumodana kiyaa| isake kucha dina pIche jaba kucha logoMko isa nRzaMsa kRtyase duHkha huA taba unhoMne 'jamaikA kameTI ' nAmakI eka sabhA sthApita kii| isameM harbarTa spensara, brAITa Adi bahutase dayAlu puruSa zAmila hue| milane bhI isa saMsthAmeM yoga denA ucita samajhA / isa prayatnakA uddeza kevala yahI na thA ki garIba prajAko nyAya mile kintu usake sAtha eka mahattvakA kAma yaha bhI thA ki jo upaniveza briTiza sarakArake adhikArameM haiM unapara nyAyapUrvaka rAjya kiyA jAya, yA vahA~ke

Page #76
72 gavarnaroMkI icchAnusAra nAdirazAhI hI calane dI jAya / pahale isa kameTIkA sabhApati eka dUsarA puruSa thA; parantu use kameTIkA yaha vicAra pasanda na AyA ki jamaikAke gavarnarapara mukaddamA dAyara kiyA jAya, isalie vaha judA ho gayA aura milako ekAeka kameTIkA sabhApati bananA bar3A / basa phira kyA thA, pAraliyAmeMTameM jo gavanarake pakSake sabhAsada the ve usako lakSya karake aise aise prazna karane lage jisase vaha ciddh'e| paraMtu vaha isakI kucha bhI paravA na karatA thA aura zAntise unakA jaisA cAhie vaisA uttara detA thaa| 'jamaikA kameTI'ne judA judA kacahariyoMmeM bahuta kucha prayatna kiyA, parantu antima nyAya jyUriyoMke phaisalepara avalambita thA aura jyUrI madhyama zreNIke logoMmeMse cane gaye the-ve niSpakSa na the| isalie use jaisI cAhie vaisI saphalatA na huii| logoMkI sAdhAraNa samajha yahI thI ki becArI habazI prajApara apane yahA~ke gore gavarnarane yadi julma bhI kiyA ho, to bhI usapara phaujadArI mukaddamA calAnA ThIka nahIM hai / parantu milane apane prayatnase yaha siddha karake dikhalA diyA ki iMglaiMDameM aise logoMkI bhI kamI nahIM hai jo durbala aura anAtha prajApara bhI kiye hue anyAyako nahIM saha sakate haiM aura isa taraha usane apane dezakI bahuta kucha lAja rakha lii| isa mAmale meM yadyapi jyUriyoMne gavarnara aura usake AjJAkArI sAthiyoMko aparAdhI nahIM ThaharAyA; parantu cIpha jasTisa ( nyAyAdhIza ) ne jaba jyUriyoMke sAmane sAre subUtoMkA sAra peza kiyA, taba sApha sApha kaha diyA ki vAstavameM kAnUna vaisA hI hai jaisA jamaikA-kameTI ( vAdI ) kahatI hai / yadyapi gavarnara sAhabako koI pratyakSa daMDa nahIM milA-ilajAmase vaha barI ho gayA to bhI isa bAtakA anubhava use acchI tarahase ho

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73 gayA ki isa mAmalemeM jo takalIpheM aura kharca mujhe uThAnA par3A hai, vaha kisI sajAse kama nahIM hai / __ jisa samaya yaha mukaddamA cala rahA thA, usa samaya milake nAmase bahutase gumanAma patra AyA karate the| kisImeM gAliyA~ likhI rahatI thIM, kisImeM azlIla citra bane rahate the, kisImeM asabhya upahAsakI bAteM likhI rahatI thIM aura kisI kisI meM yahA~taka dhamakI likhI rahatI thI ki tujhe jAnase mAra DAleMge ! ye patra isa bAtaka nidarzaka the ki iMglaiMDameM jo bahutase narapazu rahate haiM, unheM jamaikAke julmakA kitanA pakSa hai / isalie milane apane saMgrahameM unameMse bahutase patra rakha chodd'e| __ pAraliyAmeMTameM java DisrAyalI sAhavakA sudhArakA bila peza huA, taba milane usapara eka lambA caur3A aura joradAra vyAkhyAna diyA / sAtha hI pratinidhi-rAjyavyavasthAmeM jo atizaya mahattvake sudhAra hone cAhie, unake viSayameM do sUcanAyeM upasthita kii| eka to yaha ki voTa denevAloMko unakI saMkhyAke anusAra pratinidhi cunanekA adhikAra denA cAhie aura dUsarI yaha ki striyoMko bhI voTa denekA adhikAra milanA cAhie / inameM yadyapi pahalI sUcanAhIMke viSayameM thor3I bahuta saphalatA huI dUsarIke vipayameM bilakula nahIM huI, to bhI yaha jAnakara na kevala usake pratipakSiyoMko hI kintu svayaM use bhI, bar3A bhArI Azcarya huA ki usakI ( striyoMko voTa deneke adhikArasambandhI ) dUsarI sUcanAke lie dasa pA~ca nahIM assI voTa mile haiM ! isase milako apanI sUcanAke saphala honekI bahuta kucha AzA ho gaI aura jaba usake vyAkhyAnake prabhAvase isa viSayake virodhI 'brAiTa ' sAhaba bhI usake anukUla ho gaye taba to vaha AzA bahuta hI dRr3ha ho gii|

Page #78
74 membarIke samayake dUsare kArya / isa samaya milakI dUra dUra taka khyAti ho gaI thii| vaha eka prasiddha tattvavettA aura arthazAstrakA paNDita ginA jAge lagA thaa| isa lie akasara usake pAsa dUra dUrase patra AyA karate the| una patroMmeM aneka prakArake prazna aura sUcanAyeM rahatI thIM / bahutase patra aise bhI Ate the jinameM sikkemeM kucha sudhAra karake sAre saMsArako sukhI aura sampattimAna karanekI uthalI yuktiyA~ likhI rahatI thIM / inameMse una patroMkA vaha savistara uttara detA thA jinase jijJAsuoMkI zaGkAoMkA samAdhAna ho jAya aura unheM kucha lAbha ho / parantu pIche pIche yaha roga bahuta bar3hane lgaa| taba use bahuta hI parimita uttara deneke lie lAcAra honA par3A / itanepara bhI usake pAsa bahutase mahattvapUrNa patra Ate rahe aura vaha unakA yathocita uttara bhI detA rahA / bahutase patra aise bhI Ate the jisameM usake granthoMkI dRSTidoSa Adise rahI huI azuddhiyoMkI sUcanAyeM rahatI thiiN| isake sivA una dinoM vaha pAraliyAmeMTakA sabhAsada thA; isalie jisake jImeM AtA vahI patrake dvArA apanA ronA usake Age royA karatA thaa| parantu yaha bAta bahuta hI ullekha yogya hai ki vesTa minisTara vAloMne apane vacanakI pUrI pUrI pAlanA kI / unhoMne usase kabhI kisI viSayameM Agraha nahIM kiyA ki Apa amuka viSayakI carcA pAraliyAmeMTameM kareM hI / vahA~ vAloMne isa prakArake patrAdi likhakara bhI kabhI usako taga nahIM kiyA / yadi kisIne kabhI kucha likhA bhI, to yahI ki " merI siphAriza karake naukarI lagavA dIjie " aura usakA use uttara diyA gayA ki " maiM yaha saMkalpa karake sabhAsada huA hU~ ki pradhAnamaMDalase kabhI kisIkI siphAriza nahIM kruuNgaa|"

Page #79
jabataka mila pAraliyAmeMTakA membara rahA tabataka use kevala chuTTAke samaya lekhAdi likhanekA avakAza milatA thaa| isa avakAzameM usane kevala do nibandha likhe-eka to ' iMglaiMDa aura AyalaiMDa' nAmakA, jisakA ullekha Upara ho cukA hai aura dUsarA 'pleTo' ke siddhaantpr| isake sivA jaba use skATalaiMDake seMTa eMDyUja nAmake vizvavidyAlayane apanA rekTara cunA taba usane eka samayocita aura sAragarbhita vyAkhyAnakI bhI racanA kI / uccazikSA kisa prakArase denI cAhie, usameM kauna kaunase viSaya Ane cAhie, kisa kisa viSayake par3hanese kyA kyA lAbha hotA hai, adhikalAbha honeke lie kaunasI zikSApaddhati upayogI hai ityAdi bAtoMpara Ajataka usane jo kucha siddhAnta nizcita kara rakkhe the, isa vyAkhyAnameM unakA pUrA pUrA vivecana kiyA / zAstrIya viSaya aura prAcIna bhASAyeM suzikSA aura susaMskArake lie kitanI Avazyaka haiM, yaha bhI usane acchI tarahase samajhA diyA / naye cunAvameM asphltaa| jisa pAraliyAmeMTane sudhArakA kAnUna pAsa kiyA thA-vaha san 1868 kI varSARtumeM TUTa gaI aura phirase nayA cunAva kiyA gyaa| isa cunAvake samaya milako vesTa minisTarameM saphalatA prApta na huii| use vesTa minisTaravAloMne nahIM cunA, parantu isase milako kucha Azcarya na huA / kyoMki usake jaise svataMtra vicAroMkA manuSya pahale eka bAra cuna liyA ganA thA, yahI bar3e AzcaryakI bAta thii| ___abakI daphe milake pratipakSiyoMne bar3A jora baaNdhaa| pahalI daphe jo kansaravoTava isaka anukUla athavA madhyastha the, ve bhI isa daphe usake viruddha ho gaye / milane apane eka granthameM prajAsattAka rAjyapaddhatike kucha doSa dikhalAye the, isa lie pahalI daphe unheM vizvAsa ho

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76 gayA thA ki yaha sabhAsada honepara prajApakSake viruddha avazya bolegA aura isase hamAre pakSakI puSTi hogii| parantu pIche unheM isa viSayameM ghora nirAzA huI, isase unhoMne usase bilakula sambandha chor3a diyaa| __ aba rahA libaraladala / abake isa dalakI orase use voTa milanA cAhie the; parantu unhoMne bhI ise pasanda na kiyA / kyoMka vaha dekha cukA thA ki jina sudhAroMkA poSaka koI bhI nahIM hotA haiarthAt jinheM sudhArapriya libaraladala bhI galese nIce nahIM utAra sakatA hai, unhIMkA pakSa lekara yaha lar3atA hai| bahutase libaraloMko isakA jamaikAke gavarnarake viruddha lar3anA bhI burA lagA thaa| isake sivA usane sabase bar3A aparAdha yaha kiyA thA ki bhAratahitaiSI brADalA sAhabake cunAvameM Arthika sahAyatA dI thii| aise ghora nAstikako sahAyatA ! aisI bAta kaise baradAzta ho sakatI thI ? garaja yaha ki libarala bhI usase udAsIna ho gye| mi0 brADalA majadUra-dalakI orase ummedavAra hue the| milane eka to prAyaH sabhI majadUra-dalake ummedavAroMko sahAyatA dI thI; dUsare brADalAkA vyAkhyAna sunakara use vizvAsa ho gayA thA ki ve buddhimAna haiM, niSpakSa haiM, logoMkI prasannatA aprasannatAkI orase lAparavA haiM, mAlthasake prajAvRddhiviruddha siddhAntako ve pasanda karate haiM aura lokamatake viruddha kahanekA unameM sAhasa hai| isa kAraNa usane unakI sahAyatA karanA apanA kartavya smjhaa| isI sahAyatAse mila sabakI A~khoMkA zUla ho gayA / TorIpakSavAloMne to milakA cunAva na hone pAve, isake lie apanA bahutasA rupayA kharca karane meM bhI saGkoca na kiyA / isa taraha milako isa dUsare cunAvameM parAjita honA pdd'aa|

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77 zeSa jIvana / vesTa minisTarameM milakI hAra huI / yaha sunakara usake pAsa tIna cAra sthAnoMse aura bhI AmaMtraNa Aye ki tuma hamAre yahA~kI ummedavArI kro| parantu usane socA ki isa jhaMjhaTase chuTTI pAnekA yaha bahumUlya avasara A milA hai-ise ava vyartha nahIM jAne denA cAhie, ataeva AmaMtraNako dhanyavAdapUrvaka asvIkAra kara diyaa| isake bAda vaha apane pahale udyogameM laga gayA aura bahudhA dakSiNa yUropameM hI rahane lagA / varSameM kabhI eka do bAra landana AtA thA, nahIM to vahIM aviganAna nAmaka grAmameM banA rahatA thA / mAsika patroMmeM lekha likhanekI usane phira dhUma macA dI / aba usake lekha bahudhA 'kArTa nAITa lI rivyU' nAmaka patrameM prakAzita hote the| isI samaya usane 'striyoMkI paravazatA' ko chapAkara prakAzita kiyA / milake jIvanakA yaha antima bhAga bahuta hI zAnti aura sukhase vyatIta huaa| usake gharakI sArI vyavasthA aura dekharekha misa Telara rakhatI thii| usane use kabhI cintita aura asukhI nahIM hone diyaa| isa antima samayameM vaha koI bar3A grantha nahIM likha sakA / vividha viSayoMpara kucha nibandha hI likhakara usane saMsArayAtrA pUrI kara dI / san 1873 meM isa mahApuruSakA dehAnta huA / usa samaya usakI umra lagabhaga 67 varSakI thii| __ mRtyuke anantara usake dharmaviSayaka tIna nibandha aura bhI prakAzita hue, jinase isa bAtakA pUrA pUrA patA lagatA hai ki usake dharmaviSayaka khayAlAta kisa DhaMgake the| mila una mahApuruSoM se thA jinhoMne sArI pRthivIko apanA kuTumba samajhA hai, jinake hRdaya bahuta vistIrNa rahe haiM aura jinhoMne

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78 dUsaroMke upakArake lie apanA tana, mana aura dhana Adi saba kucha kharca kara DAlA hai / Ajataka jitane satyazodhaka hue haiM unameM yadi Apa khoja kareMge to milase adhika udAra aura kAryatatpara puruSa zAyada hI koI milegaa| usake vicAra ThIka hoM yA na hoM, yaha dUsarI bAta hai, parantu isameM sandeha nahIM ki usane una logoMko khUba hI saceta kiyA jo 'vAvA-vAkyaM pramANaM' kahakara prAcIna siddhAntoMpara hI sArA dAromadAra rakhate the aura isa kAraNa jinakI vicArazaktiko jaMga khA gaI thI / svAdhIna vicAroMkI mahimAko bar3hAne aura gatAnugatikatAko naSTa karaneke lie milane jo udyoga aura parizrama kiyA vaha asAdhAraNa thaa| usakI lekhanIne isa viSayameM var3A kAma kiyA / yadyapi vaha pakkA sudhAraka aura svAdhInacetA thA; parantu una sudhArakoMke jaisA ucchRkhala aura avicArI na thA jo ki purAnI imAratako jar3ase ukhAr3akara usake sthAnameM bilakula naI, imArata khar3I karanA cAhate haiM, athavA eka hI niyamako saba jagaha eka hI rUpameM caritArtha karanA cAhate haiM / unnatike pathapara agrasara honevAle pratyeka dezameM mila jaise mahApuruSoMkI AvazyakatA hotI hai| binA aise puruSoMkA avatAra hue koI bhI deza sukha aura svAdhInatA nahIM prApta kara sakatA / isa samaya jahA~ svAdhIna vicAra karanA mahApApa samajhA jAtA hai aura jahA~ svAdhInacetAoMkI miTTI palIda hotI hai, usa bhAratavarSake lie to eka nahIM saikar3oM miloMkI jarUrata hai| smaapt|

Page #83
hindI-grantha-ratnAkara kAryAlayake grantha / hamArI hindI-grantha-ratnAkara sIrIja hindImeM sabase pahalI, sabase acchI, aura netraraMjinI granthamAlA hai| isameM aba taka 45 grantha nikala cuke haiM, jo hindIke nAmI nAmI lekhakoMke likhe hue haiM, jinakI prAyaH sabhI vidvAnoMne prazaMsA kI hai aura jo do do tIna tIna bAra chapAkara bika cuke haiM / nATaka, upanyAsa, galpa, nIti, sadAcAra, rAjanIti, svAsthya, itihAsa, jIvanacarita aura vijJAna Adi sabhI viSayoMke granya haiN| Age aura bhI bar3hiyA bar3hiyA grantha nikAlanekA prabandha ho rahA hai| isa mAlAkA eka seTa Apake gharU pustakAlayameM avazya honA cAhie / isase usakI zobhA bar3ha jaaygii| isa granthamAlAke sivAya hamAre yahA~se aura bhI aneka grantha prakAzita hue haiN| unake sivAya anya sthAnoMkI pustakeM bhI hama apane grAhakoMke subhIteke lie rakhate haiM / isake lie hamArA bar3A sUcIpatra ma~gA liijie| nIce likhI sUcImeM jina granthoMpara + cihna hai, ve sIrIjakIke sivAya hamArI prakAzita kI huI anya uttama pustakeM haiM:binA cihnakI sIrIjakI pustakeM haiN| naattk| prahasana / durgAdAsa sUmakeghara dhUma prAyazcitta upnyaas| mevAr3a-patana pratibhA zAhajahA~ A~khakI kirakirI 1 // 2) usa pAra zAnti-kuTIra tArAbAI annapUrNAkA mandira nUrajahA~ chatrasAla bhISma hRdayakI parakha (jildadAra) candragupta glpgucch| sItA phUloM kA gucchA + bhArata-ramaNI navanidhi (jildadAra) + siMhala-vijaya 10) + kanaka-rekhA +pASANI m)| puSpa-latA 1) S

Page #84
glp| + yuvAoMko upadeza +diyAtale a~dherA + pitAke upadeza + sadAcArI bAlaka + zAnti-vaibhava + zramaNa nArada + baccoMke sudhAraneke upAya + sukhadAsa + vidyArthi-jIvanakA uddezya kAvya / striyopyogii| + bUDhekA byAha ) + byAhI bahU + aMjanA-pavanaMjaya vidhavA-kartavya + devadUta rAjanIti-vijJAna / jIvana-carita / svAdhInatA AtmoddhAra sAmyavAda + karnala sureza vizvAsa deza-darzana + kolambasa svadeza kAvUra rAjA aura prajA (jilda0) mahAdajI sindhiyA cikitsA vijJAna / ... itihaas| upavAsa-cikitsA AyalaiMNDakA itihAsa 1 // a) + prAkRtika-cikitsA + jainasAhityakA itihAsa )+ yoga-cikitsA + bhAratake prAcIna rAjavaMza 3) + sugama cikitsA nIti aura sdaacaar| + dugdha-cikitsA mitavyayatA / prkiirnnk| caritragaThana aura manobala caubekA ciTThA saphalatA aura usakI gobara-gaNeza-saMhitA sAdhanAke upAya baMkima-nibandhAvalI svAvalambana + landanake patra + astodaya aura svAvalambana 10) chAyA-darzana AnandakI pagaDaMDiyA~ zikSA + jIvananirvAha 1) + vyApAra-zikSA 1) + acchI AdateM DAlanekI zikSA) : sarala manovijJAna ___1 // yaha mUlya sAdI jildakA hai| kapar3ekI jildadAra pustakoMkA mUlya / ) / ) // ) adhika hai| hamArA pUrA patA--- hindI-grantha-ratnAkara kAryAlaya, hIrAbAga, po0 giragAMva, bmbii| eniFi uTE Tic : SETUS