Harshcharitna Sanskrutik Adhyayannu Avalokana

Author(s): Sukhlal Sanghavi
Publisher: Z_Darshan_ane_Chintan_Part_2_004635.pdf
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/249237/1

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'harSacarita'nA sAMskRtika adhyayananuM avaleAkana [ 64 ] bihAra-rASTrabhASA pariSade paTaNAmAM DA~. vAsudevazaraNu apravAla pAse - harSacarita ' upara vyAkhyAnA karAvelAM. e vyAkhyAnA emaNe pAMca divasa eka eka kalAka ApelAM, je e ja pariSada taraphathI harSacarita : eka sAMskRtika adhyayana' nAmaka pustakarUpe suvistRta ane suthitarUpe 1953nI sAlamAM prasiddha thayAM che. (puratakanI sAIjha 8 pejI rAyala ane pRSTha saMkhyA lagabhaga 300 che. ki`mata kAcuM pUThuM rUA. 85 ane pAkuM pUruM rUA. 9lA che.) . zrIyuta abhravAlajI gujarAtanA sAkSarAne aparicita nathI. tee ekavAra gujarAta vidyAsabhAnA upakrame cAlatI vidyAvistAra vyAkhyAnamALAmAM mathurAnA zilpa-sthApatya upara bhASaNa ApavA AvelA. teo lagabhaga deza varSa lagI mathurA myUjhiyamanA kayUreTara pade rahelA. te pI. ecaDI. uparAMta DI. liT paNa che ane temaNe dilhImAM senTrala eziyana enTIkvITijha myUjhiyamanA suparinTenDenTa pade ane bhAratIya purAtattva vibhAganA adhyakSapade rahI mahattvapUrNa javAbadArI nibhAvI che. temaNe I. sa. 1952mAM lakhanau vizvavidyAlayamAM rAdhAkumuda mukharajI vyAkhyAnamALAmAM ' pANini ' upara bhASA ApelAM. hamaNAM te hiMdu yunivarsiTI, banArasamAM iDiyana A enDa ArkiyolojInA mukhya prAdhyApaka tarIke kaoNleja opha inDolaeNcha ( bhAratIya mahAvidyAlaya)mAM 1951thI kAma kare che. temanAM lakhANA hiMdI uparAMta aMgrejImAM paNa prasiddha thayAM che. hiMdImAM cAra saMgraho vize huM jANuM zru, pahelA saMgraha - untyAti ' che jemAM vaidika nibaMdho che, khInna pRthvIputra ' saMgrahamAM janapadIya-lokasAhityane lagatA nidhA che. trIjA kalA aura saMskRti' saMgrahamAM kalA ane saMskRtine lagatA nidhA che. ceAthA * mAtA bhUmi ' saMgrahamAM aneka viSayone lagatA paracUraNa nibadhA che. pAMcamu pustaka prastuta ' harSacaritaH eka sAMskRtika adhyayana ' e che, , haSarita e khANunI gadya AkhyAyikA che. kAdambarInA vizvavikhyAta nAme khAte paNa vizvavikhyAta karela che ane ene vize pALonkripTaMgaAErvama evI saskRta vAyakA prasiddha che. bANu I. sa. nA sAtamA saikAmA

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24 ] darzana ane ciMtana hayAta hatA. enA pahelAM paNa saMskRta ane vividha prAkRta bhASAonA aneka gadyapadya kavi--vidvAno jANItA che, jenA khANe paNa kAbarInI prastAvanAmAM ja sammAnapUrvaka nirdeza karyAM che. kAdambarI racAyA pachI tarata ja saMskRta ane prAkRta kavi-vidyAtAe tenA anukaraNamAM gadyakathA lakhI che. ane khANanA hacaratanI prathamathI cAlatI anukaraNupara parA paNa AgaLa cAlatI rahI che. kAdambarInA anukaraNamAM racAyela yazastilakacampU ane tilakamajarI e e gadyakAvyone nirdeza ahIM jarUrI che, bannenA lekhaka zveta che, paNa yazastilakanA lekhaka sAmadeva e jaina AcAya che, jyAre dhanapAla jaina paNa brAhmaNa che. banne kAdambarInI anukRti hovA chatAM yAstilaka karatAM tilakamaMjarInI bhAta judI paDe che. yazastilakanAM sAMskRtika adhyayanarUpe pre. kRSNakAnta hindiInA eka abhyAsagraMtha nAme yazastilaka enDa IMDiyana kalcara ' aMgrejImAM hamaNAM ja prasiddha thayA che, jemAM lekhakanA gIra abhyAsa pratiiicchata thayele che. : > prastuta putakamAM chaeN. agravAle haritane avalakhI temAM AlekhA zaila ke sUcavAyela bhAratIya saMskRtine lagatAM aneka pAsAMonuM atihAsika tema ja tulanAtmaka dRSTie zilpa, sthApatya, citra, itara lalitakaLA, zAsanapaTTa, sikkA ane sAhityika purAvAone AdhAre nirUpaNa karyuM che ane te te nirUpaNanI sava rajUAta mATe temaNe 28 klarkA upara 100 jeTalAM citrA paNa ApyAM che, jemAMnAM keTalAMka te upalabdha mUrti, makAnakhaDa, vAsaNu, alaMkAra, vastra, sikkA, citra Adi anekavidha sAmagrI uparathI pheTA laI taiyAra karAvelAM che. ane jyAM evI sAmagrI maLI nathI tyAM AnuM nirUpaNa spaSTa karavA temaNe pote nirUpita vastunI potAnI ja kalpanA AkRti racI tenAM citro ApyAM che. A citrasAmagrIne lIdhe temaNe te te vastunu karela nirUpaNa vAMcanArane eTaluM pratItikara thAya che ke jyAre rUpita vastune sAme ja naI rahyo hoya. raeNntu sAMskRtika adhyayana taiyAra karavAmAM emaNe upara sUcavela zilpa, AdinI anekavidha sAmagrI uparAMta jarmana, phreMca, aMgrejI Adi pAnya aneka bhASAe mAM lakhAyela sAhityanA tathA bhAratIya saMskRta, prAkRta, pAlI, gujarAtI, hiMdI Adi bhASAomAM lakhAyela prAcaoNna-arvA cIna sAhityanA je vizALa, ane kImatI upayoga karyo che tenI yAdI ja eka sapUrNa lekha ane eTalI che. e samagra AdhArabhUta sAmagrInA Aka lananA tema ja tene AdhAre lakhAyela prastuta sAMskRtika adhyayananA vicAra d

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"harSacaritanA sAMskRtika adhyayananuM avalokana 1 kapa karuM chuM tyAre ema lAgyA vinA nathI rahetu ke lekhake nAnakaDA lAgatA prastuta pustakanI gAgaramAM mahAbhAratane sAgara samAvI che che. - pUrvakAlIna ane samakAlIna saMskRtinAM anekavidha ! o ane aMgenuM je pratibiMba pratyakSa anubhava dvArA tema ja aneka stronA kAvatvasamucita adhyayana dvArA bANanI pratibhAmAM paDeluM ane je teNe kAdambarI ane harSacarita e be kRtiomAM zabdabaddha kareluM che tenuM sarvAgINa adhyayana karI tene sAhitya-jagata samakSa sucAru ane vizada rUpamAM rajU karavAnI UMDI nema zrIyuta agravAla seve che. evA samagra sAMskRtika adhyayananI daSTie zuM zuM karavuM Avazyaka che tene nirdeza prastuta harSacaritanI bhUmikAmAM sAta muddA rUpe teoe karyo che. tene sAra e che ke kAdambarI ane harSa caritanuM zuddha tema ja prAmANika saMskaraNa taiyAra karavuM. sAthe sAthe sulabha badhI pUrva TIkAone AdhAre tenA SamAM chupAyela arthonAM raha prakaTa kiravAM. taduparAMta banne kRtimAMnA zabdone sammilita pUrNa keza-InDekasa varabarama taiyAra kare, ane e banne kRtione AdhAre bANanI saMpUrNa sAMskRtika sAmagrInuM etihAsika daSTie vivecana, ItyAdi. AvA sarvAgINa kAmane saphaLatApUrvaka pUruM karavAnI pAkI dhAraNA hovA chatAM te kamekrame regya rIte thaI zake evI dhIra ane dIrdha dRSTithI temaNe prathama harSacaritanuM sAMskRtika adhyayana karyuM ane te ja prastuta puratakamAM rajU karyuM che. bANanI bIjI ane meTI kRti kAdambarInuM evuM sAMskRtika adhyayana karavuM ane prakAzita karavuM e hajI bAkI che ema upara uparathI jotAM jarUra lAge, paNa temanI atyAra sudhInI taiyArI ane te kAma mATe pile saMkalpa e badhuM jotAM bAkInuM kAma teo ja patAvaze; patAvaze eTaluM ja nahi, paNa vizeSa sArI rIte patAvaze e vize mane leza paNa zakA nathI. jyAre meM temanI pAsethI jANyuM ke temaNe haidarAbAdamAM bANanI kAdarI viSe vyAkhyAna ApavAnuM hamaNAM ja svIkAryuM che tyAre mArI pratIti vadhAre dRDha banI. prastuta harSacaritanA adhyayana dvArA temaNe bANanA pUrvakAlIna ane samakAlIna aneka sAMskRtika aMge upara je prakAza nAkhyo che te kevaLa bANuMnA pUrNa sAMskRtika adhyayananuM ja dhAra nathI ughADato, paNa bANanA pUrvakAlIna vAlmIki, bhAsa, azva, kAlidAsa, subaMdhu Adi mahAna kavionA evA ja adhyayananuM dvAra ughADavAnI cAvI bane che; ane bANanA samakAlIna ke uttarakAlIna anya mahAkavionA viziSTa saMskRta adhyayananI bhUmikA pUrI pADe che. A daSTie jotAM harSacaritanuM prastuta

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darzana ane ciMtana adhyayana mAnavIya saMskRtine, temAMya khAsa karI bhAratIya saMskRtine, ukelavAnI AMkha arje che. e kevI rIte AMkha Ape che tenA keTalAka dAkhalAo ahIM prastuta pustakamAMthI TAMkavA vizeSa rasaprada thaI paDaze. - Do. agravAle je eka svAnubhava rajU karyo che ane je sarvIze satya che te e che ke bANane ajJAta ane askuTa arthone yathAvata samajavAnI cAvI bhAratIya kalAnI prApta sAmagrImAMthI temane maLI che. e ja rIte emane e anubhava paNa taddana sAcuM che ke kAvya ane kaLAo e banne ekabIjAne arthe yA bhAva phuTa kare che. kAvyane gUDha artha citra, zilpa ane thApatyanA namUnAothI ghaNI vAra bahu ja spaSTapaNe ukelAya che, te keTalIka - vAra evI kaLAono bhAva samajavAmAM kAvyanuM vizada varNana paNa madadagAra bane che. kAvya hoya ke kaLAo, chevaTe e badhuM lekajIvanamAMthI ja uddabhave che ane emAM jIvananAM ja satyo pratibiMbita thAya che. sAce kavi ane sAce kaLAkAra pote potAnI kRtiomAM jIvananAM ja pAsAMo pitAnI kalpanAzakti pramANe Alekhe che. eTale kavie potAnA kAvyamAM je jIvana zabdabaha karyuM hoya te ja jIvana citrakAra pitAnA citromAM, zi95kAra pASANuM dhAtu Adi uparanAM pitAnAM zilpamAM, pati pitAnA bhavananirmANamAM - ema vividha rIte aMkita kare che. kAlidAsa ane bANa vagere kavioe jIvanamAMthI je samRddhi pitapitAnAM kAvyamAM kavikauzalathI varNavI che te ja mRddhi takSazilA, ajaMtA vagerenA kalAkAroe pitApitAnI kaLAmAM mUrta karI che. tethI ja zrIyuta agravAlane bANunA aneka ajJAta ane askuTa abhiprAye phuTapaNe darzAvavAmAM te te kALanA UMDA abhyAse kImatI madada Ape che. A muddAne samajavA arthe ja temanAM lakhANomAMthI, upara sUcavyA mujaba, keTalAka dAkhalAo atre ApyA che. pAMcama udghAsamAM varNana che ke rAjamahiSI yazomatI jyAre enA pati prabhAkaravardhanane maraNukALa nizcita jue che tyAre te anumaraNa-satI thavAnI pUrI taiyArI kare che. eTalAmAM putra harSavardhana AvI bheTe che ane mAtAne satI thavAnA nizcayathI rikavA pagamAM paDe che. mAtA gadagada thaI putrane nizcaya a. AvatAM vAre che. tema karatAM tenI AMkhe AMsubhInI hovAthI te pAse paDela eka haMsanI AkRtivALA pAtramAMthI moTuM dhovA pANuM le che. e pAtra che rUpAnuM ane te eka tAmrajya sundara pUtaLI upara rAkheluM che. e pUtaLI eka varSanI sundara kanyAnI AkRti dharAve

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[ kara "harSacaritanA sAMskRtika adhyayananuM avalokana che ane tenuM lAvaNya zarIra sAthe ceTI gayela evA atyaMta jhINuM vastranA cheDAmAM AvelI pAtaLI lAla raMganI kinArIthI aMkita che. A pUtaLI ane te upara rAkhela rUpAnA pAtranuM marama zleSamAM varNana karatAM bANe je samAsagarbhita vAkya veryuM che te A: magnAMzukapaTAntatanutAmralekhAlAMchitalAvaNyakubjikAvarjitarAjatarAjahaMsAsyasamudgINena payasA prakSAlya mukhakamalam / A 16 zabdanA zleSapradhAna samAsanA adharA artho ThIka ThIka sama javA ane zabdone mAryA-macAvyA vinA temAMthI te artho ghaTAvavA DaoN. agravAlane khUba prayatna karavo paDyo, paNa jayAre temaNe takSazilAmAMthI sirakapanI khodAI karatAM maLela eka cAMdInuM haMsAkRti pAtra joyuM ane sAthe ja zrI. kumArasvAmInA "hisTarI opha InDiyana enDa inDeneziyana ArTa nAmanA pustakamAM phalaka bhAnA citra 159mAM guptakAlIna tAmramaya buddhamUrtinuM avalekina karyuM tyAre temane zleSamAMthI phalita karelA pAMca arthe paikI prathama ane mahatvane artha pUrepUre samajAze, ane temaNe uDI nirAMta anubhavI. e pace arthe temaNe pR. 98 thI 102 sudhImAM bahu kuzaLatAthI darzAvyA che. ApaNe ahIM prathama ane mukhya artha zuM che ane te upara sUcavela pAtra ane mUrti e be kalAkRtionI madadathI kevI rIte spaSTa karyo che te joIe. takSazilAthI maLeluM pAtra eka te cAMdInuM eTale ke rAjata che ane bIjuM te rAjahaMsanI AkRtivALuM 63 IMca UMcuM che. e ja rIte zrI. kumArasvAmIvALI buddha pUrti eka te tAmramaya che ane bIjuM, tenA upara sAva palaLIne zarIra sAthe ceTI gaI hoya tevI jhINI cAdaranA cheDAnI eka pAtaLI dhArI chAtI upara aMkita che. e ja rIte che. Ara. sI. hAjarA lekha ( A Passage in Bana Bhatta's Harshacharita, Poona Orientalist) jemAM kukjhikA padane artha draya mala Adi taMtra graMthane AdhAre ATha varSanI avivAhita kanyA darzAvAyela che te artha che. amavAle eka zilpAkRtimAM che ane zrI. hAjarAe taMtrane AdhAre darzAvelA arthanA kharApaNAnI pratIti karI. e zilpAkRti maholI (mathurA)mAMthI prApta thayela rANune paDakhe Ubhela eka paricArikA sevikAnI che, jenA hAthamAM madhupAnanuM pAtra che ane je haju strIbhAvanAM prakaTa lakSaNa vinAnI che. upara sUcavela takSazilAvALuM cAMdInuM

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428 ] darzana ane ciMtana rAjahaMsAkRti pAtra, zarIrathI alaga na dekhAya evuM tenI sAthe ceTI gayela jhINuM vastra dhAraNa karanAra ane mAtra chAtI upara dekhAtI :pAtaLI dhArIthI kapaDAnI kinArIno khyAla pUre pADanAra tAMbAnI banelI lAla guptakAlIna buddhamUrti, tema ja maholImAMthI prApta thayela hAthamAM madhupAnanuM pAtra laI rANu pAse UbhI rahela tenI paricArikA-jikAnI AkRti-A traNa zine AdhAre DaoN. vAsudeva harSacaritamAMnA upara nirdezala 16 padanA samAsa-vAkyamAMthI je mukhya artha kADhayo che te ja bANane abhipreta che, e vize have leza paNa zaMkA rahetI nathI. ukta kalAya zilpa prApta thayAM na hatA ane prApta chatAM kuzaLa netra sAme upasthita thayAM na heta tema ja upasthita chatAM tene marma pakaDAye na hota ke e mane bANanA kathana sAthe meLa sadhAyo na hota to bANanuM kharuM vaktavya zuM che te atyAre bANa vinA ke bIjA koI sarva bhegI vinA kaI kahIM zakata nahi e cokkasa che ane tethI ja Aja sudhImAM bANano e graM paThanapAnamAM ke vAcanamAM cAlu hovA chatAM koI kharo artha darzAvI zakyo nathI, jayAre e khare artha darzAvavAnuM mAna DaoN. vAsudevane phALe jAya che ane te arthanI zodhanA AdhAra kahI zakAya evAM kaLazilpane phALe jAya che. te vAkyo khare ane pUre artha A pramANe nIkaLe che: rANI yazomatIe A varSa jeTalI uMmaranI kanyA kujikAe nama vela cAMdInA haMsAkRti pAtramAMthI pANI laI moTuM dhoyuM. e kuzvikA sajIva kanyA che ke tevI AkRtinI pUtaLI heya, banne saMbhave che. enuM lAvaNya zarIra upara eTela bahu ja jhINA vastranI lAla tAMbA jevI dhArathI viziSTa rUpe lakSita thatuM. vastra evuM jhINuM hatuM ke te zarIrathI juduM na paDatuM hevAne lIdhe e bhAsa karAve ke jANe pANIthI palaLeluM heI zarIra sAthe coMTI gayuM hoya. AvA veSane mATe aMgrejImAM "veTa parI" zabda che te tarapha DaoNkaTare dhyAna kheMcyuM che. rAjyavardhananA vIrasavarNana prasaMge bANe je eka vAkya prajavuM che te A che* darSAt parAmRzan navakiraNasalilanisaraiH samarabhArasambhAvanAbhiSeka mana cakAra diGnAgakumbhakUTa vikaTasya bAhuzikharakozasya vAmaH pANipallavaH /

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hucaritanA sAMskRtika adhyayananuM avalokana [ 729 Ane artha spaSTa karavAmAM che. vAsudeve ahicchatrAmAMthI prApta thayela eka ramakaDA uparanI guptakAlIna vIreSanI AkRtino AdhAra lIdhe che, jemAM puruSanI DAbI bAjue lAMbI talavAra che ane jamaNI bAjue nAnI talavAra laTake che. nAnI eTale koNIthI AMgaLI sudhI lAMbI, jene saMskRtamAM asipattikA ke hurikA (charI) kahe che ane bhujapAlikA uparathI banele bhujalI zabda paNa te mATe hiMdImAM pracalita che. sAmAnya rIte e bhujAlIne eka prakAranI kaTArI ke kRpaNa kahI zakAya. bIje AdhAra temaNe ajaMtAnA citranA lIdhe che, jemAM evI nAnI talavAra jamaNuM hAthamAM dhAraNa karela puruSa citrita che ane tenI mUka pAse myAna upara hastimastakanI AkRti che. ukta ramakaDA ane citramAMnI vIrabasUcaka AkRtine AdhAre bANe jela upara likhita vAkayane (pR. 120) artha Do. vAsudeve evI kuzaLatAthI ghaTA che ke te ja bANane abhipreta havA vize jema zaMkA nathI rahetI tema e bAbatamAM paNa zaMkA nathI rahetI ke bANe je varNana karyuM che te najare joyela kaI vAstavika dazyanuM ja varNana che. upara sacita vAkyanA ekaMdara traNa artho le-camatkAra dvArA phalita karavAmAM AvyA che. temAMthI eka artha divya parIkSAne lagato che, jemAM aparAdhI manAtI vyakti pitAnI saccAI ke nirdoSatA siddha karavA tatkAlIna prathA pramANe savastra snAna karI bhInA kapaDe kUMDALAmAM UbhI rahe che ane iSTa devamUrtinuM abhiSeka-jaLa aMjalimAM laI pIe che. bIjo artha te vakhate jANItI eka kiMvadatI ke levAyakAne sUcavanAra che. e kiMvadantI kAlidAsanA meghadUtakAvyamAMnI "hinAmAnAM ca variharajU thullAvaTevana " e kaDImAM paNa sUcavAyelI mAnavAmAM Ave che. ene bhAva e che ke pAMcamA sikAmAM thayela suprasiddha be tArkika dinAga potAnA guru vasubadhunA racela abhidhamakAzanI sUkSma ane tArkika sthApanA pratipakSIo samakSa sAbhimAna karato. trIje, paNa prastuta artha te rAjyavardhanane lagate che. jyAre rAjyavardhana potAnA pitA prabhAkaravardhananA mRtyuthI zakAtura hatuM ane zakanA AvegamAM virakata vRttithI valkala dhAraNa karavAnI taiyArImAM have tyAre eNe acAnaka pitAnA banevI grahavarmAnA mAlavarAja dvArA thayela vadhanA tema ja pitAnI bahena rAjyazrI keda thayAnA samAcAra sAMbhaLyA ane tarata ja zokanuM sthAna krodhe lIdhuM. tema ja tene DAbe hAtha kSatricita

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@a. ] darzana ane ciMtana vauravRttithI jamaNI bAjue bAMdhela kRpANunI mUTha upara paDyo. e mU hastimastakanI AkRtinA alaMkArathI suzobhita hatI. bANu rAjyavardhananI e kSAtradhama cAgya vIravRttinuM utprekSAthI vaNaeNna karatAM kahe che ke enA DAbheA hAtha kAza ( myAnabala ) evI bAhuzikhara bhujAlI (kRpANa)nI mUTha ke je di nAga-kuMbhasUvikaTa arthAt vizALa hastimaratakathI zobhatI, tenA upara paDayo. te vakhate jANe ema lAgatuM hatuM ke DAbe hAtha drupa arthAt vIravRttinA AvegathI ( parAmazana) kRpANane aDakatI vakhate nakhamAMthI nIkaLatAM kirArUpa jaLanA pravAhA dvArA e nAnAzA kRpAne paNu yuddhabhAra mATe sama' che evI dhAraNAthI abhiSeka karatA na hoya ! khANu pahelavahelAM hanA AmaMtraNathI ene maLavA gayA tyAre e hunA darabAramAM enI cAthI kahyA--sauthI pAchaLanA bhAga--mAM ne maLela che. bANe harSoMnA mahelanu bada zabdacitra savistara AlekhyuM che. e citraNamAM senA sthAna ( chAvaNI )thI mAMDI nAnI-meTI aneka cIjo ane khaLatAnu pracalita paribhASAmAM varNana che. zrIyuta apravAle e varNana pUrepUruM samajAya ane emAM AvelI paribhASA spaSTa thAya teTalA mATe khANanA pUrvakAlIna ane uttarakAlIna evAM rAjabhavana-va nAnI khANunA vana sAthe ativistRta chatAM manora Mjaka ane jJAnaprada aitihAsika tulanA karI che. vAlmIkinA sundarakAMDamAM Avela rAvaNanA bhavananuM varNana, ayeAdhyA kAMDamAM Avela rAjA dazarathanA bhavananu ane rAjakumAra rAmanA bhavananuM vana, mahAbhAratanA udyogapavamAM Avela dhRtarASTra ane duryodhananAM bhavanAnu vaNaeNna, zakarAja kaniSkakAlIna azvoSanA saundarananda kAvyamAM Avela nandanA bhavananuM varNana, guptakAlIna pAAtikamAM Avela vAranitAnAM bhava nAnu varNana, kAdambarImAMnA zudraka ane caMdrApIDanA bhavananu varNana, mRcchakaTikamAMnA vasantasenAnA bhavananu vana, hemacaMdranA kumArapAlaritamAMnA rAjabhavananuM varNana, vidyApatinuM kAtilatAgata varNana, pRthvIcaMdracaritamAMnu mahelanu varNana, AmeragaDhanA mahelanu varNana, dillInA lAla killAmAM Avela akabara ane zAhajahAMnA mahelAnu vana ane laMDanamAMnA haeNpTana kA mahelanu varNana, chevaTe rASTrapatinA rAjamahelanu varNana ApI prabhAkaravardhananA rAjabhatrana ane harSanA kumArabhavananA bANe karela varNana sAthe tulanA karI cepIsa khAtAne lagatuM eka sUcaka kASTaka ApyuM che, je khANuNita mahela, lAla killAmAMnA mahela ane laMDananA hepTana kArya nAmanA rAjamahela--e traNeyanI nakhazikha sarakhAmaNI pUrI pADe che

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harSacaritanA sAMskRtika adhyayananuM avalokana [ 731 ane AkhA itihAsakALamAM judA judA dezomAM ane judI judI rAjya saMsthA emAM paNa mAgata ke svAbhAvika kevuM kevuM sAmya UpasI Ave che. tenuM jijJAsAvadhaka citra (pR. 203 thI) rajU kare che. rAjabhavananI vigate samajAvavA temaNe keTalAMka citra paNa. pAchaLa ApyAM che. harSavardhana pitAnI guma thayela vidhavA bahena rAjyazrInI zodhamAM nIkaLe che. chevaTe te vidhyATavImAM eka AzramamAM jaI pahece che. te Azrama divAkaramitra nAmanA eka asAdhAraNa bauddha vidvAna bhikSane che. enA varNanaprasaMge bANe e AzramanuM dabadU citra zabdomAM rajU karyuM che. temAMthI ApaNe ahIM te AzramamAM ekatra thayela 19 dArzanika agara dharmasaMpradAyene TUMka paricaya karIzuM. divAkaramitra bauddha bhikSu che, jyAre bANa vaidika brAhmaNa che, tema chatAM bANe divAkaramitranI asAdhAraNa vidvattA ane mahattAne je nirdeza karyo che te eka bAjuthI bANunI yathArtha taTasthatA sUcave che ane bIjI bAjuthI te samayamAM prasiddha evAM vidyApIThe ke guskuLAnI yAda Ape che. takSazilAnuM vidyApITha te prathamathI prasiddha hatuM ja, paNa bANanA samayamAM nAlaMdAnI kIrtidhajA paNa gaganacuMbanI hatI. e dArzanikanA varNanamAM bANe te kALe cAluM paNa paripAka pAmelI abhyAsa prathAne saMketa sudhdhAM karyo che. vidyAthIo prathama granthapATha karatA, pachI gurumukhe te te zAstranA siddhAnta sAMbhaLI te upara zaMkA-samAdhAna karatA, tyAra bAda Itara maMtavyanuM khaMDana karatA-e krame tulanAtmaka adhyayana dvArA vidyAne sthira ane vibhaLa karatA. je 19 dArzanikone ullekha bANe karyo che te prathamathI cAlyA AvatA sAtamA saikA sudhInA ane tyAra bAda vikaselA Aja sudhInA dhArmika tema ja dArzanika ItihAsa upara puSkaLa prakAza pAthare che. bANe 1. AhaMta, 2. mazkarI, 3. vetapaTa, 4. pAMDuribhikSu, 5. bhAgavata, 6. varNa, 7. kezaluMcana, 8. kapila, 9. jaina, 10. lekAthatika, 11. kaNAda, 12. aupaniSada, 13. aizvarakAraNika, 14. kAradhI, 15. dharmazAstrI, 16. paurANika, 17, sAptatantava, 18. zabda ane 19. pAMcarAtrika dharmapathano ullekha karyo che. A pathenuM oLakhANa DaoN. agravAlajIe kuSANa tema ja guptakAlanI mathurA ane ahicchatrA AdimAMthI prApta thayela mUrtio ane kalAkRtione AdhAre tema ja yazastilaThyapU, naiSadha mahAkAvya ane prabodhacandrodaya nATaka Adi anekavidha sahityika purAvAone AdhAre karAvyuM che. sAthe sAthe harSacaritanA ja pAMcamA ullAsamAM zleSa dvArA nirdezela 21 nI prastuta 19 paze.

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-73ra ] . darzana ane ciMtana sAthe sarakhAmaNI paNa karI che. e oLakhANa ane sarakhAmaNIne TUMka sAra e che ke AhaMta, tapaTa ane kezaluMcana e traNa phirakAo jaina paraMparAnA che ane e yAdImAM AvatuM navamuM jaina vizeSaNa bauddha paraMparAnuM sUcaka che. atyAre ApaNe jaina pada sAMbhaLatAM ja mahAvIranA anuyAyIone baMdha karIe chIe, paNa bANunA samaya sudhImAM jaina vizeSaNa mahAvIranA anuyAyIo mATe khAsa pracalita na hatuM. "jina" zabda uparathI jaina pada bane che. jina zabda jema mahAvIra Adi tIrthakarane sUcaka che tema ja te tathAgata Adi itara amane paNa sUcaka che. tema chatAM te vakhata sudhImAM jaina" pada moTebhAge bauddha saMpradAya mATe vaparAtuM ane atyAre jANItA jaina phirakAo te kALamAM anya anya vizeSaNa dvArA oLakhAtA. atyAre vetAMbara, digambara, sthAnakavAsI ane terApaMtha ema cAra mukhya jaina phirakAo che, paNa bANunA samayamAM mukhya traNa hatA. digaMbara, zvetAMbara ane yApinIya. A traNa phirakAo anukrame AhaMta, tapaTa ane kezaluMcana evAM vizeSaNothI bANe nirdeza kyanuM tAraNa zrI. agravAlajIe kAryuM che. e game tema che, chatAM e kharuM ke bANa jaina paraMparAnA tatkAlIna badhA phirakAothI paricita ha. yApanIya saMdha Aje juduM astitva nathI dharAvata, paNa te kALe pradhAnatA bhogavato. yApanIya sAdhuo rahetA nagna eTale digaMbara, paNa ghaNI bAbatamAM zvetAMbara-tapaTane maLatA AvatA, tethI Akhare e saMgha juduM astitva gumAvI digaMbara-zvetAMbaramAM ja samAI gayo che. makarI eTale ze ke pAzupata. teo maskara eTale daMDa dhAraNa karatA. pAMDaribhikSu e AjIvaka paraMparAnA bhikSuo. mahAvIranA samakAlIna ane pratispadhI gazAlakanI paraMparAmAM thanArA bhikSuo Avaka kahevAtA. teo paNa nagna rahetA. Aje Avaka paraMparA judI nathI rahI, paNa mArI daSTie giranAra, himAlaya vageremAM rahetA nAgA bAvAonI paraMparAmAM te rUpAMtara pAmI che. varNa te naiSThika brahmacArIne varga. kapila e sAMkhya. kAyatika e cAka. kaNAda e vaizeSika ane azvarakAraNika e niyAyika. aupaniSada e prAcIna vedAntI. kArabdhamI e rasAyana banAvanAra dhAtuvAdI. dharmazAstrI e smArta. paurANika e purANajIvI. sAptatantava e karmakAMDI mImAMsaka-je saptataMtu eTale yajJa kare-karAve. zabda e zabdabrahmavAdI vaiyAkaraNa. zrI. agravAlajI lakhe che ke kuSANa ane guptakALamAM bhAgavata dharmanA aneka phAMTAo hatA, jemAMthI ukhAna viSNu uparAMta tenA sahacArI azruta, satya, puruSa ane aniruddhanI upAsanA karatA; jyAre

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"harSacaritanA sAMskRtika adhyayananuM avalokana | [ 33 sAte viSNune nArAyaNarUpe upAsatA, tema ja nRsiMha ane varAharUpe mahAviSNunI mUrtinI kalpanA karatA. evI guptakAlIna mUrtio mathurAkaLAmAM maLI Ave che. vakhAno ane sAtvate karatAM prAcIna hatA mUlapaMcarAtra Agama. ene anusaranAra te pAMcarAtrika. atyAre te A badhA phaTA o eka bhAgavatamAM samAI gayA che. prAjyotiSa (kAmarUpa-AsAma)nA tatkAlIna adhipati bhAskara varmAne haMsavega nAmane dUta harSavardhanane maLe che. enuM varNana karyA bAda bANe rAjyakarmacArIo ane darabArI ne konI vividha manovRttionuM UMDuM vizleSaNa karyuM che. temAM bANa evA nekaronI arasaparasa khaTapaTa, caDasAcaDasI, khuzAmatakhorI ane ninya vyavahAra AdinuM anubhavasiddha citra rajU kare che, je hamezAM sulabha evI nakonI manodazAnuM yathArtha pratibiMba mAtra che. chevaTe bANuM tyAM sudhI kahe che ke je svamAnI hoya tene vAste eka kSaNa mAtra paNa mAnavocita gaurava sAthe jIvavuM sAruM che, paNa jo mAthuM jhukAvavuM paDe te manasvI mATe traNeya vizvanuM rAjya paNa sAruM nahi." zrI. agravAla lakhe che ke bANanI A samIlAno je vizvasAhityamAM bhaLavo durlabha che. chellA yuddha vakhate lazkaranI ane lazkarI sAmAnanI thatI tvarita heraphera vakhate prajAnI je barabAdI ane behAlI ApaNe nihALI che tevI ja harSa vardhananI vijayayAtrA vakhate lazkaranI kUcathI thatI bANe varNavI che. hAthIo vacamAM AvatAM jhUMpaDAMne kacarI nAkhatA. e trAsa jaI bicArA jhUMpaDAvAsIo mahAvata upara DhephAM--paththara pheMkI evA bhAgI jatA ke mahAvate jotA ja rahI jAya. ghoDesavAre pitAnA ghaDAone ane mAlasAmAna lAdI janArAo pitAnAM khaccara ke baLadone rastAmAM paDatAM khetaramAMthI Ubho pAka khavaDAvI detA ane kheDUtone tebA kirAvatA. sainikomAM paNa pAchaLa heya te AgaLa cAlanArane jaladI cAlavA ne rasto ApavA vInave agara dhamakI Ape te AgaLa cAlanAra pAchaLa cAlanArane dhIre thavA dhamakAve. arasaparasa mazkarI, ToLaTappAM ane vinoda karatAM sainike cAlyA kare, ityAdi. baNe harSanA sanika-varNananuM je hUbahU citra kheMcyuM che, temAM vahelI savAre traNa vAgyAthI UpaDavAnI taiyArIo thaI rahI che. e 77 samAsavALA vistRta varNanamAM eka "rinanorathApana vyAkRtavyariLi" evuM pada Ave che.. kANee ane kAle " vyavahArina ' padane artha vyApArI athavA adhikArI

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sex] darzana ane ciMtana ( evA karyAM che, paraMtu DaoN. amravAlanI sUmekSikAne prazna thayA ke savAre traNa vAge lazkara sUtu hAya tyAre vyApArI ane adhikArI sauthI pahelAM Ave kevI rIte ? e praznanA uttaramAMthI temane sUjhI AvyuM ke ' vyavahArina ne artha jhADU denAra ja baTe. sauthI pahelAM jhADU denArAo AvI sUtela nAkaracAkarane jagADI de che; ane vyavahArina e pada hindI zabda 'luhArI'nuM saMskRta rUpa che. buhArI' ne artha hindImAM jhADU ke sAvaraNI thAya che ane hindImAM sarvatra jhADUvALA yA khuddArI denevAlA-jhuhAranevAlA ema vaparAya che. zrI. agravAlanI dRSTi vastusthitinA mULane kevI rIte pakaDe che enuM A eka udAharaNa che. ' mANe bhinna bhinna prasaMge te kALamAM pracalita pradhAne anusarI aneka bhAta, pAta ane jAtanAM vaonuM varNana judAM judAM khAsa nAmeAthI karela che. te badhAM nAmeAne yathAvata artha zuM che ane temAM vastatva e sAmAnya tattva hevA chatAM keTakeTalA ane kayA prakAranA taphAvata che e vigate ( rR. 76thI ) zrI. agravAle darzAvyuM che, je vaSranI nate banAvaTe AdinA itihAsa upara puSkaLa prakAza nAkhe che ane bhAratamAM keTakeTalA prakAranI vastranI jAtAnA ane raMgonA vikAsa thayeA hatA tenI mAhitI pUrI pADe che. sAthe ja IrAna, cIna jevA dezomAM khanatAM ane vaparAtAM vastro bhAratamAM paNa vaparAvA lAgyAM hatAM ane e dezanA vyApAra tema ja avarajavane sabaMdha kA hatA evI evI aneka jJAtavya bAbatonuM prakaraNa te umere che, jemAMthI ahIM to mAtra stavaraka ane bAMdhaNI (pR. 73) ene nirdeza karIzu stavaraka e mULamAM IrAnI anAvaTa che. pahelavI bhASAmAM statrakU kahevAya che, paNa phArasI ane arabImAM tene stama kahe che. kurAnamAM paNa ene ullekha che. zrI. agravAlajIe guptakAlIna sUryanI mUrtio uparanA jarInA kImatI kATanA kapaDAne tathA tucchatrAthI prApta sUnI tema ja nakInI bhRNmaya pUtaLIonA kATa ane ledhAne eja stavarakanA banela darzAvyA che ane varAhamihira e veSane udIcyaveSa tarIke oLakhAvyA che tenI saMgati zrI. agravAle esADI che. gujarAtanI peThe bhAratanA khIjA aneka bhAgamAM kapaDAM upara bAMdhaNInuM kAma ane ragADha thatAM. khaNe evA vastrano ullekha karela che. tenI samajUtI zrI. agravAle lagabhaga AkhA dezamAM thatAM bAMdhaNInAM kAmeAnu varNana karI atimaneArjaka ApI che. ANe rAjAnI veSabhUSAnA varSoMnaprasaMge traNa prakAranA pAyAnA ane

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75 hucastinA sAMskRtika adhyayananuM avalokana cAra prakAranA keTanuM varNana karyuM che. pAyajAmAnAM nAma A rahyAM : svasthAna, piMga ane satulA, keTanAM nAma : kacuka, cInalaka, vArabANa ane sUryAsaka. ApaNe ahIM mAtra pAyajAmA vize zrI. agravAle Apela (pR. 148) mAhitIne ja TUMkamAM nirdeza karIzuM. teo jaNAve che ke A dezamAM pAyajAmA paheravAne sArvajanika rivAja zaMkAnA AgamanI sAthe I. sa. pUrve pahelI zatAbdIthI zarU thayela che. I. sa. nI pahelI zatAbdImAM te mathurA kalAmAM enA namUnAo maLe che. zaka rAjAo pachI guptakALamAM te sainika pioSAkamAM pAyajAmAe nizcita sthAna lIdhuM che. eTaluM ja nahi, paNa samudragupta ane candraguptanA keTalAka sikkAo upara te samrATa pote paNa pAyajAmo paherela aMkita che. bANanA samaya sudhImAM te badhI jAtane pAyajAmAe pioSAkamAM sthira jevA thaI gayelA. tethI ja te pAyajAmAonuM tAdaza varNana ane vargakaraNa kare che. jene bANa svasthAna kahe che te gujarAtImAM thayuM ke cUMthaNI che. hindImAM dUdhanA kahevAya che. sUthaNuM ane dUdhanA ne svasthAna zabdane ja apabhraMza che athavA ema kahe cUMthaNuM ke sUthanA zabda uparathI kavie svasthAna zabda saMskRtamAM saMskAryo che. game tema che, paNa e zabda anvartha che, eTale ke artha pramANe jAya che. muMthaNuM e eka evA prakArano raNa ke suravALa che je piMDIo nIce AvatAM sAva sAMkaDA moDhAno thaI jAya che; eTale ke te potAnA sthAna-jagyA upara coTI rahe che ane Amatema khasatA nathI. kaccha-kAThiyAvADanA rajapUta vageremAM A pAyajAme pracalita che. devagaDhanA maMdiramAM nartakInuM eka citra che, jemAM te nartakI evuM ja thayuM paherela AlekhelI che. agravAlajIe phalaka 19 citra naM. 69 mAM e nartakInuM citra darzAvyuM che. TUMthaNuM netra nAmaka kapaDAthI banatuM. netra e eka prakAranuM rezamI vastra hatuM, je sapheda hoya. netra zabdanuM pAlImAM vaira ane gujarAtImAM netara ke netarAM evuM rU5 maLe che. gujarAtImAM ra valovavAnI je derI hoya che te * zrI gaNapati zAstrI arthazAstra 1, pR. 194 upara lagTA zabdano artha karatAM smech| jaMghAtrANaM susthAnAbhidhAnamiti kvaciTTIkAdazaiM likhitam, sandhanamityanyatra riNita ratha De. motIcaMdajI (prAcIna bhAratIya bhUSA pR. 24) kahe che ke pAyajAmA mATe hindImAM mULA ane gujarAtImAM sthANuM) zabda che ja, paNa saMskRtamAM te [jU kahevAya che. agravAlajI bANane AdhAre vayana zabda uparathI sUthanA zabda upave che. mAruM eka sUcana e che ke bhUtana arthAta sUtrathI bAMdhavuM) e zabda uparathI sUthanA, sUNuM banI zake.

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736] darzana ane ciMtana netaruM ane mahAbhAratamAM te ja arthamAM maitra zabda vaparAyele che. netra ghaDAne gaLe baMdhAtI rAzanuM paNa nAma che. piMga e evI salavAra che ke jene moDhiye paTTI hoya ane je paheravAmAM khUlatI heya. atyAre e Ama paMjAbI pizAka che ja. piMgI zabda upara carcA karatAM agravAlajI madhya eziyA sudhI gayA che. madhya eziyAnA zilAlekhamAM paMgA nAmanA vastrane ullekha che. mahAvyutpatti nAmaka bauddha graMthamAM pUMgA vastrane ullekha Ave che. agravAlanI kalpanA ThIka lAge che ke te ja paMgA zabda prAkRta rUpamAM bANe fuTM tarIke vAparyo che. A piMga salavArano eka namUne ahicchatrAmAMthI prApta eka pu mUrtimAM maLI Ave che, jenuM citra phalaka 19, naMbara 70 upara agravAlajIe darzAvyuM che. satulA e DhIMcaNa sudhI ke kAMIka te upara sudhI paherAto ja dhaze. che ne te judA judA raMganI paTTIo sAMdhI evI rIte banAvAte ke jenAthI vizeSa zebhI UThe. agravAlajIe ajaMtAnI guphAcitromAMthI satulA paherela eka puruSa ane eka strInAM citra phalaka naM. 24, citra naM. 71 ane 71 mAM Apela che. AthI vadhAre dAkhalA ApI vivecana karavuM e vAcakane trAsa ApavA barAbara che. ahIM te ATaluM TUMkANa ane ktAMya eka rIte laMbANa eTalA mATe karyuM che ke mAtra bANunA ja nahi paNa sAhityamAtranA abhyAsIo . vAsudevazaraNe karela "harSacarita nA adhyayanane kALajIpUrvaka vAMcavAvicAravA ane e ja dizAmAM kAma karavA prerAya. gujarAtI bhASAmAM AvAM gaMbhIra sAMskRtika adhyayana prakaTa karavAnI veLA kyAranIye pAkI gaI che ane saMskRta-prAkRta jUnI gujarAtI Adi aneka kavikRtio evA adhyayananI rAha paNa joI rahI che. -saMskRti, phebruArI 1954.