Words For Violence In Seniors Of Jaina Canon

Author(s): Colette Caillat
Publisher: Colette Caillat

Page 10

216
Colette Caillat
prāņa-vyaparopana, "to tear breath, life, out"56; and there is every reason to regard as a synonym pāņa-vaha, used in Sūy 2.6.26(d) f. (JAS 812 f.). Moreover, it will be remembered how, in the third stanza of Sūy (a)ivāyae pāņe is seen to be in complementary distribution with various forms of HAN. Thus both the verbal phrase and nominal compound denote the utter destruction of beings, and emphasise the violent process which results in the final suppression of breath and lives.
3. HAN
Turning to HAN, attention will be called 1) to the vitality of this root, and 2) to some stereotyped phrases showing the meaning of the verb.
3.1. Several verbal forms of this root have already been met with. More can be added (whether without, or with, preverbs). The present stem has been remoulded generally following the normal MIA pattern. Most forms are listed in Pi 499, are comparatively common and easily accounted for. Only a few will need some comment. In Ayār, Sūy, Uut, Dasav, the following occur.
In the ind. pr., the 3 pl. is currently of the "thematic" type: hananti. The tradition also hands down vi-ni-hanti (mandā), Sūy 1.7.16 (JAS 396), which is accepted in all editions and Pi 499 (im Verse"!), without explanation; ? renders it as 'vinighnanti' vyāpadayanti (107); only the Cu apparently had some misgiving, as it writes vihedhantil; this vinihanti probably results from a blend of the old (Sk) 3 sg. hanti with the usual MIA 3 pl. ending. 58 In the 3 sg. hanāi (Utt 20.44 = JAS 747) is influenced by the “9th" present class, in the same way as bhaņāi is seen to be (Pi 514), whether in Amg or in Pa.59
Further, in a somewhat confused passage of Āyār, hammai appears to be taken as an active 3 sg. 60:
na hammai kamcanam savva-loe.
The imper.2 sg. / pl. hana, hanaha are frequent.
So are, in the optative, hane, hanejjā (passim). According to the cit, in Utt 18.49 (JAS 599), pahane is to be understood as a preterite (= prāhan, prahatavān).61 One instance of the old "athematic" type (Sk hanyät) is