Words For Violence In Seniors Of Jaina Canon

Author(s): Colette Caillat
Publisher: Colette Caillat

Page 14

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Colette Caillat
Ț (38) writes: 'na ghnanti' na vyāpādayanti; cf. 'hanyante' vyāpādyante, 135 ad 1.11.18 (JAS 514); similarly hantā (Sūy 2.1.17 = 651) is glossed vyāpādako bhavati (T 186).
It is also noteworthy that, in the gloss of 1.2.3.21a (JAS 163):
tivihena vi pāņi (v.l. a) mā hane,
Ț refers to the first mahavvaya, prohibiting "pāndivāya", († 51).78
For the passive, equivalents in SūyȚ are pīdyante, "are oppressed, harassed" (93 ad 1.5.2.17 = 343; pīdyamānāḥ, 110 ad 1.7.30 = 410); or tādyamānāḥ, naștāḥ, "wounded, destroyed, perished" (88 ad 5.1.20 = 319).
Further it will be remembered how parallel Jaina and Buddhist canonical passages seem to waver between HAN and HIMS.79 Süy? admits the synonymy, e.g. in the gloss of 2.1.24 (= 657): according to the canonical text the năstikas maintain that there is nothing reprehensible if one "buys and causes to buy, kills and causes to kill, cooks and causes to cook" (Jacobi), se kiņam kiņāvemāņe, hanam ghāyamāņe, payam payāvemāņe--for which Ţ (189) adduces the following equivalents: 'ghnan' himsan, 'ghātayan' vyāpādayan.80
Such glosses actually confirm the wide semantic extension of HAN.
4. HIMS
4.1. It has just been seen how, in the cit, various forms of HAN have sometimes been glossed by the corresponding forms from HIMS81; moreover, how, in several canonical pādas, HIMS and HAN have been exchanged.82 Further the Cu also replaces HAN by HIMS when quoting Utt 6.6c (= 167), the vulgate text of which is
na hane pāņiņo pāņe,
"do not strike (out) the breaths of the breathing", i.e. "do not deprive the living being(s) of life", "do not kill".
The related Cu changes to the (unmetrical)