Sound Synthesis in Indo European Indo Iranian and Sanskrit

Author(s): Satya Swarup Mishra
Publisher: Ashutosh Prakashan Sansthan

Page 52

CHAPTER VI
OLD INDO-ARYAN CONSONANT SYNTHESIS
42. Old Indo-Aryan innovations in Consonant Synthesis
Innovations in consonant synthesis in OIA are mainly due to some fresh assimilations and some analogical remodellings. The earlier assimilations in IE and IIr were rather partial assimilations, simply changing a voiceless to voiced or a voiced to voiceless, without disturbing the place of articulation of any one of the two so. nds. But in OIA the assimilation was rather complete assimilation in several cases; e.g. d->ll, d-+-j>jj etc. But this complete assimilation is mostly found in external sandhi in OIA. In a few cases internal sandhi also shows complete as imilation; e.g. kṣullaka (AV) <kṣud+la-ka, anna <ad - na etc. Anological remodelling is found in the change of r to s, ś, s, h, modelled after the change of tor before voiced sounds.
Individual cases of assimilation may be taken up now. 43. A nasal assimilated a preceding plosive into its class nasal. Traditional grammars alternatively prescribe a corresponding voiced stop, side by side with the class nasal; e.g. vāk+moya > vanmaya; alternative prescribed form is vagmaya. The only exceptional form showing g instead of ǹ is vagmi, which may also be analysed as vākgm-i, (gm√gam).
44. tld->ll instead of dl (in IE d+1>dl); e.g. tallabdham tad +labdham > IE tod-lebdhom. In internal sandhi also OIA shows // instead of tl, dl; e.g- kṣullaka