Sound Synthesis in Indo European Indo Iranian and Sanskrit

Author(s): Satya Swarup Mishra
Publisher: Ashutosh Prakashan Sansthan

Page 60

42 SOUND SYNTHESIS IN IF, IIR & SANSKRIT
67. ḥ+-%'(h)/d(h) > h-k(h)/” p(h) and alternatively hh(h), hp(h).
(h is used here for Skt jihvāmūlīya 'sound produced at the root of the tongue and h is used here for upadhmānīya 'sound approaching puff' ). e.g. devah kah or devah kah; divah putrah or divah putrah.
Historically this shows s/s-t-k(h)/p(h) > +-k(h)/p(h) or h+k(h) & h +-p (11). Actually also alternatively sis remain instead of becoming in several forms. Often in compounds s is retained; e.g. vedic paras-pá 'far-protecting', havis-pā 'drinking the offring”; (vd & cl) duş-krt 'evil-doing'; (cl) paras-param, puras-kāraḥ.
67a. Sincer has become h fivally, and is partly confused with ḥ < s/$, there are several cases, where r > ḥ or s besides iemaining r before h(h)/p(h); e.g. punaḥ kaleḥ (<punar), punaḥ punaḥ, svaḥ-patiḥ (for & beside svarpatiḥ), antaḥ-pātra (<untar-), antas-patha ( antar-). As shown above r>h or s here is obviously an innovation, due to iufluence of s(>$>z)>r.
68. h ss's >hshshs or ss'śś ss or sss. In other words h is retained, or assimilated or (rarely, specially in vedic) dropped, when a sibilant follows; e.g. manaḥsulmanassul ahasu; haviḥşulhavişşu etc.
Besides this is also frequent in external sandhi; e. g. krtah-sarvah/krta-sarvah; nih-svaram nissya am, nisvarain.
Historically IE shows optionally s for ss (vide above 19); Skt has an inovation in showing hs as an optional forin. This hs is more frequent in later phase of the
language,