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RECENT BUDDHIST STUDIES
of parts of the Vinaya of the Mulasarvästiväda school and of the socalled Patna Dharmapada. Fragments of Sutras from the Turfan collection were edited by Waldschmidt in the fourth volume of the catalogue of the Sanskrit manuscripts from Central Asia, and in separate publications.47 Fragments of the Abhidharmaprakaraṇabhāṣya were edited by J. Imanishi." J. Takasaki identified fragments of the Dharmaskandha among the Gilgit fragments edited by Sudha Sengupta. Candrabhal Tripathi identified fragments of the Ekottaragama among these same fragments, and is preparing a new edition. 50
In the past, Western scholars have paid relatively little attention to Abhidharma literature. The one great exception is, of course, de La Vallée Poussin. It is therefore not surprising to see that two important Abhidharma texts were recently translated by two pupils of Lamotte. José van den Broeck translated Ghoşaka's Amṛtarasa from the Chinese.51 The translation is preceded by a long and interesting introduction which outlines the place of the Amrtarasa in the development of the Sarvästiväda school. Marcel van Velthem translated Skandhila's Abhidharmavatāraśāstra from the Chinese and edited the text of the Tibetan version. 52 Another important Abhidharma text, the Abhidharmahṛdaya Abhidharmasära by Dharmaśrī was translated into English by Charles Willemen and into French by I. Armelin. 53 The same text has also been studied in several articles by Leon Hurvitz. In my previous lectures I
or
49
47 Cf. note 29.
48 Fragmente des Abhidharmaprakaranabhäṣyam in Text und Übersetzung, NAWG.I. Hist.-phil.Kl., 1975, Nr. 1, 54 pp.
49 'Remarks on the Sanskrit Fragments of the Abhidharmadharmaskandhapādaśāstra' Journal of Indian and Buddhist Studies 13 (1965), pp. 403(33)-411(41).
50 Cf. von Hinüber's article (see note 37), p. (6)332.
51 La saveur de l'immortel (A-p'i-t'an Kan Lu Wei Lun). La version chinoise de l'Amṛtarasa de Ghoşaka (T. 1553). Louvain-la-Neuve, 1977. Cf. J. W. de Jong's review, T'oung Pao 66 (1980), pp. 277-283.
52 Le traité de la descente dans la profonde loi (Abhidharmavatāraśāstra) de l'Arhat Skandhila. Louvain-la-Neuve, 1977. Cf. J. W. de Jong's review, T'oung Pao 65 (1979), pp. 294-303.
53 Charles Willemen, The Essence of Metaphysics. Abhidharmahrdaya. Bruxelles, 1975; I. Armelin, Le coeur de la loi suprême. Traité de Fa-cheng. Abhidharmahrdayaśāstra de Dharmasri. Paris, 1978. Cf. J. W. de Jong's review, Eastern Buddhist XIII, 1 (1980), pp. 151-158.
54 The Abhidharma on the "Four Aids to Penetration", Buddhist Thought and Asian Civilization (Emeryville, 1977), pp. 59-104; 'Fa-sheng's Observations on the Four
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