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NIRJARA.
79
properly. Of the five types of living beings, the one-sensed and the like, a layman is forbidden to kill, or destroy, intentionally, all except the lowest (the one sensed, such as vegetables, herbs, cereals, etc., which are
endowed with only the sense of touch). (ii) Refraining from falsehood. This vow is trans
gressed by revealing the secrets of others,
false speech, forgery, and the like. (iii) Stealing or taking what is not freely given is
the subject matter of the third vow. Selling goods not up to sample, employment of false weights and measures, adulteration, counterfeiting, receiving stolen property, employment or encouragement of thieves, and harbouring dacoits are some of the forms
of its transgression. (iv) Refraining from indulgence in sex-passion.
The muni is naturally enjoined to practise complete control, since sex-passion is a great enemy of spiritual progress; but the layman only vows to restrict his carnal lust to his married spouse. Artificial gratification, encouraging others in sexual lust, looking lustfully at any woman other than one's own wife, use of aphrodisiac remedies when weak, and the like, constitute a transgression
of this vow. (v) Putting a limit on one's possessions. This is
calculated to lessen the sense of power, pride, and the like.
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