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DHARMA IN PRACTICE.
171
is called deathma painful process at all times, and more so when the bodies are separated by force of external violence. Pain is also felt by all kinds of living beings when their limbs are cut, pierced, torn asunder or otherwise mutilated.
Himsá is the causing of pain to another, and includes all kinds of acts calculated to interfere with one's enjoyment of life or freedom in respect of one's prânae.
The following table will enable the reader to form a general idea of its main types at a glance :
himsa.
injuring one-sensed beings
injuring the remaining types
of living beings
(A)
(B)
deliberate
accidental
due to carelessness
implied in the struggle for existence
(D)
necessary (E)
wanton (B)
in defence of for the main- in the treat- in the em
i body, tenance of ment of ployment of ji property law and wounds, etc. men and and order.
animals for the iii country.
purposes of trade,
etc., etc.
killing for sport - slavery sacrifice vivisection food, trade, etc.
The layman, very naturally, is not expected to avoid injuring the one-sensed beings, nor can he refrain from all other kinds of injury except wanton cruelty. He is,
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