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फेब्रुआरी २०११
१८३
dasa c'eva sahassāim ațsh'eva sayā havasti samkaliyā eyam muhutta-gaạitam ņātavvam kamma-vāsassa
(JK 49). (ii) kamma-māsa, sāvaņa-māsa or uu/riu-māsa. To each of the five years listed above correspond five types of months.26 The “practical month”, which like the corresponding year, has three names, consists of 30 days and nights:
... sāvaņo tisam (JK 62).??
“A practical (month) has 30 (days and nights)”. Thus this type of month has an integer number of days (Pkt. niramsayā, "non fractional”; Skt. paripūrņa), differently from the other types of months.28 This makes the kamma-māsa easier to handle in practical matters than the other types of months:
kammo niramsayāe māso vavahāra-kārao loe sesā u saņsayāe29 vavahāre dukkarā ghettum (JK 106
25. Kammasamvacchara is also one of the five years known as lakkhana ("symbolic”?) in JP 7.278. The verse of the sūtra (281) where it is defined states that it is that year in which the vegetation occurs when it is not the normal period of vegetation. The flower and fruit go when it is not their season. The rainfall is also not at proper time and as required” (p. 523 of Sacitra sriJambūdvipa prajñapti sūtra. ed. Pravartak Shri Amar Muni, Delhi, 2006). 26. They are also listed and described in Nemicandra's Pratvacanasāroddhara, dvāra 141. 27. Compare unmāso tisa-dino of the Pravacanasāroddhāra and the commentary: esa eva ca stu-māsaḥ karma-māsa iti vā samāna-māsa (!) iti vā vyavahriyate. uktam ca: esa c'eva un-māso kamma-māso sāvana-māso bhannai / (unidentified quotation) 28. Cf. JK 61-64; 30 12. ahorātras in the solar month. 29 32/62 in the lunar month, 27 21/67 in the constellation month and 31 121/124 in the extended month. - Compare Arthasāstra 2.20. 47-51 (see below).
