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98 INDIA AS DESCRIBED IN EARLY TEXTS
In the Jätakas we have mention of three other kings of Pañcāla, namely, one whose son was the valiant prince Jayaddisa; 1 secondly, Brahmadatta who oppressed his subjects with taxes and tyranny; and thirdly, Cūļaņi Brahmadatta who partly succeeded in subduing the then king of Videha by a well-plotted stratagem.3 King Cūļaņi Brahmadatta finds mention in the Rāmāyana (i, 32), the Jaina Uttarādhyayana Sutra (xiii, 1) and the Svapnavāsavadattā (Act V). Even in the Buddha's time Pancāla was being ruled by a king of its own, although like the Kuru realm, it lost its political importance. If it be correct to think that the Pañcālas were originally the same people as the Krivis who find mention in the Vedic texts, we can say that they settled at first on the Sindhu and the Asikni (Chenab) and that their country was divided as Western and Eastern instead of Northern and Southern.4
In the Anguttara Nikāya, as noted before, the country of Maccha (Sk. Matsya) is included, together with its people, in the traditional list of sixteen mahājanapadas. In this and other Pali lists the Maochas as a people are usually associated with the Sūraseñas, while in the Vidhurapaņạita Jātaka they are said to have witnessed the contest at a game of dice between 1 Jätaka, v, p. 21f.
Ibid., v, p. 98%. 8 Ibid., vi, p. 294,
+ Vedro Index, i, p. 469.
