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RELIGION
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resounded with the uproar of doctrines (samayapavadaka). To provide them with a fixed residence during the rains, their lay supporters, kings, queens, princes, courtiers and bankers, permanently dedicated the arāmas to this or that particular order of Paribbājakas and Samanas. The result was that the ärāmas gradually became known as Paribbājaka-ārāmas,
or converted into vihāras or monastic establishments. The mountain caves where they used to seek shelter during the rains, were likewise turned into lenas or cave-dwellings.
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The Šaravana 2 near Śrāvasti was the place where the Ajivika leader, Magkari Gośāla, was born of Parivrājaka parents. The Jetavana on the south side of Savatthi was originally a private garden of Prince Jeta, which was subsequently converted into a vihara by the banker, Anathapindika, for the Buddha and his disciples. The Pubbārāma or the garden on the east side of the city was similarly converted into a vihara by Visakhā, daughter-inlaw of the banker, Migāra, and offered as
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O
1 This was the famous gardon of queen Mallika in the suburb of Savatthi, provided at first with one shed and subsequently with many sheds to make accommodations for the wandering ascetics or recluses Digha, 1, p. 178
2 B. O. Law, Srävasti in Indian Literature (Memoir A.SI, No. 50), p. 10.
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3 Ibid, p. 10
Ibid, pp. 10, 22-25,
