First Principal of the Jaina Philosophy

Author(s): Hirachand Liladhar Zaveri
Publisher: Jaina Vividh Sahitya Shastramala

Page 47

42
THE FIRST PRINCIPLES OF
thing (dravya), in its pure state without regarding its outward condition. For instance, in this way all living beings (jivas) are thought of as pure souls (sudhatmas) like the liberated beings (siddhas). In this case the particular modifications (paryayas) of the being which are due to karma are disregarded. The name of this fifth subdivision of the first class of aspects is karmopadhi-nirapeksha-suddha dravyarthika-naya.
6. In the sixth it is the permanent nature of the substance (dravya) that is thought of, leaving aside all thought of its change from one thing to another. Any substance is eternal, and, although it changes its modification, it is the unchanging nature of the substance that is thought of in this sixth aspect. A ball of knitting wool, though knitted into a sock and thus having changed its modification, can be thought of as wool. The stuff, though changed from one thing to another, is still permanent and is not destroyed. The name of this sixth subdivision of the first class of aspects is utpada-vyaya-gaunatve satta-grahaka-suddha dravyarthika-naya.
7. In the seventh one takes the view that the substance (dravya) is not separate from its modifications and natures (paryayas and svabhavas). Its name is bheda-kalpana-nirapeksha-suddha dravyarthika-naya.
8. In the eighth one regards the substance as it