First Principal of the Jaina Philosophy

Author(s): Hirachand Liladhar Zaveri
Publisher: Jaina Vividh Sahitya Shastramala

Page 46

THE JAIN PHILOSOPHY
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and if it were red, then red would be its condition. The name of this second subdivision of the first class of aspects is called svadravya-grahakadravyarthikanaya.
3. The third subdivision is that aspect by which one knows that the non-existence of a thing is proved by knowing the substance, whereabouts, time-relation and condition of other things. For instance the jar above mentioned has in it the non-existence of cloth as its substance, the absence of Ireland as its whereabouts, the non-existence of the past and of the future as its time of existence, and it has in it the non-existence of blackness as its condition of colour. The name of this third subdivision of the first class of aspects is paradravya-grahaka dravyarthika-naya.
4. The fourth is the aspect of a substance by which one knows the existence of the substance (dravya) by its predominant quality amongst its innumerable qualities. For instance, the predominant quality or characteristic of the soul is knowledge. The soul has other qualities too, but knowledge is a quality which is found only in souls and not in any other substance. The name of this fourth subdivision of the first class of aspects is parama-dravya-grahaka dravyarthika naya.
5. In the fifth one thinks of the substance, or