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172
Dvyäśrayakāvya
The kings were religious and went to pilgrimages after winning the enemy (V.132). In the old age, they led their lives in pilgrimages (VIII.15). They observed asceticism and passed their old age peacefully.
ADMINISTRATION
Division: The country was divided into Janapadas. For example, Sindhu territory is referred to as an independent Janapada (VIII.116). Mandalas are the further divisions of a particular Janapada. Governors of mandalas called Mäṇḍalikas were also invited in the council-ball of the king. According to H.D. Sankalia, mandala was the largest territorial division corresponding to a modern province, though at times Lata and Sauraṣṭra are called desas and Gürjjara (the whole of Gujarat) a maṇḍala. The other units in descending order of size were a Visaya, Pathaka, group of villages and a village1. A.K. Majumdar has noted fourteen maṇḍalas in the Chaulukyan inscriptions2. Mandala was divided into villages, Khalatikas (mountain according to Apte's dictionary) and forests (III.84), Another important unit of the division was Pathaka3. The head of the village is called Grāmaņi (I 181).
Concept of good Administration
Even in the time of Caulukyas, Ramarajya was thought to be an ideal for the king (VII.4). An administrative ideal was not to forfeit the wealth of others (VIII.31). There were no thieves and law and order was preserved (VIII 28). The subject had the full right to express their opinion in a publie place (XIII.6).
1. Sankalia, H.D. Archaeology of Gujarat, Bombay, 1941, p.202. 2. Majumdar, A.K. Chaulukyas of Gujarat Bombay, 1956, pp.208-209. 3. ibid., p.210.
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