________________
XXX
DEŠINĀMAMÄLA
the words into strings of vowels as in Mahāraştri. In the former the words can be easily recognised as of Sanskrit origin, in the latter they are transformed beyond recognition. The first kind of Tadbhavas are called by Hoernle, Siddha Tadbhavas and the second class of Tadbhavas are called Sadhyamāna Tadbhavas. The former are regarded by him as late Tadbhavas, the latter as old Tadbhavas. This view explains the different degrees of decay in the Tadbhavas by the theory of earlier or later introduction of the words from Sanskrit. The difference of decay may also be explained by supposing that the more decayed Tadbhavas were introduced from the spoken vernaculars into the literary Prakrits at a later time and were already in a more advanced stage of decay than the less decayed Tadbhavas and that neither were directly introduced from Sanskrit, while the Tatsamas were borrowed by the literary Prakrits directly from Sanskrit. This assumption better accounts for the varying degrees of decay observed in the Tadbhava words and the absence of any decay in the Tatsamas than the assumption of their being simultaneously borrowed directly from Sanskrit along with the Tatsamas. It is supported also by the fact that changes in literary dialects after they are fixed by Grammar are arrested and, therefore, the greater decay of words must be explained by their being introduced from the spoken Prakrits at a later time than the less decayed words. The existence of spoken Prakrits in the Vedic age proved by the presence of Prakritisms in the Vedic literature also confirms the above view. The explanation of the various changes in the Prakrit dialects by substitution (Adesa) or augment (āgama) from Sanskrit as given by the Prakrit grammarians is entirely artificial and purely hypothetical and
Hoernle,-'A Comparative Grammar of the Gaudian Languages," Introduction, p. xxxviii.
