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Referenences Chapter 1
1. For details consult, Desai, P.B., Jainism in South India and Some Jaina
Epigraphs, Sholapur, 1957. The principal sites yielding Jaina vestiges in south India are Bādāmi, Aihole, Ellorā, Sravanabelgola, Halebid,
Humchā, Arsikere, Tirupparuttikkunram, Dánavulapádu etc. 2. Chandragupta Maurya, Samprati, Khāravela, Nāgabhata II (?) and
Kumārapāla Chaulukya. 3. Epigraphia Indica, Vol.I, Inscriptions, 1, 2, 7, 21, 29; Vol.II,
Inscriptions 5, 16, 18, 39, pp. 237-40; Nahar, P.C., Jaina Inscriptions, Vol. I, Calcutta, 1918, pp. 192-94, 233 (Inscription 898); Vijaya Murti
(Ed.), Jaina Silālekha Samgraha, Pt. Ill, Bombay, 1957, p. 108. 4. Unnithan, N.G., Relics of Jainism-Alatūr', Jour. Indian History, Vol.
XLIV, Pt. 1, No. 130, April 1966, p. 542. The Jina images from Bādāmi,
Aihole, Ellora etc. do not show these features. 5. Consult Marshall, John, Mohen-jo-daro and the Indus Civilization, Vol.
1, London, 1931, Pl. XII, Fig. 13, 14, 18, 19, 22, p. 45, pl. X; Chanda, R.P., 'Sindh Five Thousand Years Ago,', Modern Review, Vol. LII, No.
2, Aug. 1932, pp. 151-60. 6. Shah, U.P., 'Beginnings of Jaina Iconography', Bulletin Museums and
Archaeology in U.P. No. 9, June 1972, p. 2. 7. For details consult, Shah, U.P., 'A Unique Jaina Image of Jivantasvāmi',
Journal Oriental Institute, Vol. 1, No. 1, Sept 1951 (1952), pp. 72-79; Shah, 'Sidelights on the life-time Sandal-wood Image of Mahāvira,'
Journal Oriental Institute, Vol. I, No. 4, June 1952, pp. 358-68. 8. Shah U.P., Akotā Bronzes, Bombay, 1959, pp. 26-28, Pl. 9 a, b, 12a. 9. Jain, J.C., Life in Ancient India as Depicted in Jain Canons, Bombay,
1947, pp. 252, 300, 325. The earliest literary reference is found in the
Vasudeva-hindi of Sanghadāsa Gani (c. mid 6th century A.D.). 10. Trişasti-salākā-purusa-caritra, 10.11.379-80. 11. It may be noted that there is no mention of Jivantasvāmin image in the
Digambara iso-canonical or literary works and as a consequence no Jivantasvāmin image is known from any of the Digambara (and even Yapaniya) sites. Tiwari, Maruti Nandan Prasad, Jivantasvāmi Images',
Bharati, New series, 2, 1984, pp. 78-83. 12. Jayaswal, K.P., Jaina Image of Maurya Period', Journal Bihar and
Orissa Research Society, Vol. XXIII, Pt. I, 1937, pp. 130-32.
134 Ambikā
