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357
1.6.52 argues, for instance, that souls are necessarily touched by 18 kriyas when they are committed, that H.A.M.G are touched by them in the six directions, but A are touched by them in three to five directions only when obstructed (for instance, when they remain at the end of loka), and that the commitment of these kriyas follows a definite order of sequence (anupurvi). The thought pattern as such belongs to the fourth-fifth canonical stages. Anupurvi is explained in X VI.4.600 that when a being commits kriya relevant to avirati, his soul is touched by it at the same moment, in the same place (de'sa), and in the same pradesa where the commitment is made. This text refers to 1.6.52. We place both texts in the fourth-fifth canonical stages.
358
Regarding fivefold kriyas beginning with arambhiki, V.6.204 reads that while a vessel seller searches for his stolen vessel, he commits the first four kriyas, i.e., arambhiki, parigrahiki, mayavrtti and apratyakhyaniki, but he may or may not commit the last mithyadarsanavrtti, depending on whether he is a Jaina or not. Then, if he recovers the stolen vessel, he is said to commit less sin. It continues to consider four other instances wherein a buyer does or does not bring a vessel home after he does or does not pay a partial or full payment of the item. In all the cases, both the vender and the purchaser commit the first four kriyas, and the commitment of the last kriya depends on their being Jaina or not. The aphorist tries to show which of the two would commit a greater or lesser sin in each case. The Prajnapana III offers the general rule pertaining to the simultaneous occurrence of these kriyas that one who commits arambhiki, for instance, commits this and that kriya at the same time. Various illustrations of kriya as such must have been made prior to the formulation of this Prajnapanā rule. Let us place our text in the late third canonical stage onwards at present.
359
There are abundant illustrations of another set of five kriyas in the Bhagavati as shown below. When a hunter sets a trap to kill an animal, he commits first three kriyas, i.e., kayiki, adhikaraniki and pra dueşiki; when he traps game, he commits first four kriyas, i.e., with the addition of paritāpaniki; and when he kills it, he commits all five kriyas, i.e., with the addition of pranatipata ( 1.8.65). The same treatment is made in the case where a man collects grass and woods, etc., in order to make fire, by way of distinguishing the first stage of merely collecting grass, etc., the second stage of setting alight but not yet burning them, and the third stage of burning them (1.8.66). In 1.8.67, the hunter and the trap of 1.8.65 are replaced by a hunter and an arrow. Similarly handled are the case when A breathe A' in IX.34.391 and the case when wind-beings blow over roots and other parts of a tree in IX.34.392. Fivefold kriyās are said to touch a blacksmith tempering iron (XVI.1.562), and a man who bends and stretches his hands, etc., to see if it is raining or not (X V1.8.584).
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