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Notes Bk. V
349
32. When matter (pudgala) exists in the form of a skandha with two pradeśas, it is matter as substance. When it exists on one or more pradeśas of space, it is matter as place when it exists in some shape or form, it is matter as shape or form. When it exists as phenomena, it is mitter as phenomena. In other words, span-assubstance (dravya-sthānāyu), span-as-place (kşetra-sthānāyu), span-as-shape (avagahaná sthānāyu) and span-as-phenomena (bhäva-sthānāyu) characterise pudgala as well as skandha.
33. The implication given here is not different from what is generally understood ; but the real implication is clear only to the seers. In the words of Abhayadeva Suri,
gamanikämátramevedaṁ aştānāṁa api eşāṁ bhāvarthaṁ tu bahuśrutah vidanti
sūtränań
[A chadmastha has a limited knowledge ; so he knows by inference. The knowledge of an omniscient is limitless ; so he makes no use of inference.]
34. The following is an imaginary case regarding the distribution of pudgalas with and without pradeśas. It may give an idea regarding their proportions :
pudgalas as Without pradeśas With pradeśas
phenomena
1,000 99,000
time 2.000 98,000
substancc
5,000 90,000
space 10,000 90,000
35. Births and deaths are a regular process. But when more are born than die, it is Increase ; when more die than are born it is Decrease ; when as many are born as die, it is a state of Constancy.
36. When to the existing number of living beings more are added, it is sopacaya (with reinforcement) ; when the number diminishes due to deaths, it is săpacaya (with withdrawal) ; when due to simultaneous births and deaths, there are simultaneous increases and decreases, it is sopacaya
