Jain Vidyache Vividh Aayam Part 05

Author(s): Nalini Joshi
Publisher: Nalini Joshi
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/009845/1

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jainavidyece vividha AyAma (sphuTa-ciMtanAtmaka lekha) bhAga - 5 * lekhana va saMpAdana * DaoN. nalinI jozI prAdhyApikA, jaina adhyAsana seTha hirAcaMda nemacaMda jaina adhyAsana phirodiyA prakAzana puNe vidyApITha oNgasTa 2011

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21. jainadharma va zIkhadharma : kAhI tulanAtmaka nirIkSaNe (sanmati-tIrtha vArSika patrikA, jUna 2009) (jJAna va mAhitIcA prasAra he ekavisAvyA zatakAce vaiziSTya Ahe. sarva jaga jhapATyAne javaLa yeta Ahe. sarva dharma va saMpradAyAMcyA mANasAMnA phakta ApalA dharma ANi saMpradAyApuratAca saMkucita vicAra karUna cAlaNAra nAhI. jagAta zAMtatA ANi salokhA nAMdAyacA asela tara ekamekAMcyA dharmAcA Adara karaNe sarvAta mahattvAce Ahe. jaina dharmAta tara itarAMcyA matAMcA Adara karaNe he tattvata: anekAntavAda ANi syAdvAdAcyA rUpAne mAnyaca kele Ahe. yAca uddiSTAne prerita hoUna sanmati-tIrtha saMstheta pragata abhyAsakramAcyA rUpAne jagAtalyA sarva pramukha dharmAMcI toMDaoLakha vidyArthyAMnI karUna ghetalI. 2008-2009 yA varSAta zIkhadharmAviSayI je ciMtana kele tyAtUna puDhIla taulanika nirIkSaNe mAMDalI Aheta.) vizvakozAtIla mAhitIpramANe zIkhadharma hA jagAtIla pAcavA moThA dharma Ahe. muslIma, khrizcana, bauddha, hiMdU ANi zIkha hA tyAMcA krama Ahe. sAhajikaca bhAratAta sarvAta uzirA janmAlA AlelA hA dharma Aja saMkhyecyA dRSTIne jainAMpekSAhI jAsta Ahe. i.sa. cyA 15 vyA va 16 vyA zatakAta zIkhadharmAcA prAraMbha va kramAkramAne vikAsa hoU lAgalA. abhyAsakAMcA asA aMdAja Ahe kI jagabharAta 2 koTI 30 lAkha loka zIkhadharmI Aheta. jainadharma paraMparene anAdi mAnalA Ahe. lekhI purAvyAnusAra to RgvedAhanahI nakkI prAcIna Ahe. jainadharmAcA itihAsa pAhU lAgalyAsa ase disate kI sthAnakavAsI saMpradAya jyA kALAta nirmANa jhAlA sAdhAraNata: tyAca kALAta zIkhadharmAcAhI udaya jhAlA. uzirA sthApana hoUnahI zIkhadharmIya saMkhyene jAsta asaNyAcI kAraNe nakkIca tyA dharmAcyA vaiziSTyAMmadhye sAmAvalelI Aheta. kliSTa tattvajJAna, avaghaDa paribhASA, AcArAcA kaDakapaNA, khANyApiNyAvarIla nirbaMdha ANi sAdhuvargAlA pAyIca vihAra karUna prasAra karaNyAcA asalelA niyama yAmuLe jainadharmAcyA prasArAlA sAhajikaca maryAdA paDalyA. varIla sarva bAbatIta zIkhadharma sahajasulabha va udAramatavAdI disato. zIkha' hA jarI 'dharma' mhaNUna oLakhalA jAta asalA tarI to vastuta: hiMdUdharmAcA eka saMpradAyaca Ahe. gurU nAnakadevAMnI hiMdUdharmAtIla aniSTa prathA va cAlIrItIMmadhye sudhAraNA ghaDavUna hA saMpradAya sthApalA. zIkha tattvajJAnAvara sAMkhya ANi vedAnta tattvajJAnAcI asalelI chApa taseca brahma, paramAtmA, jagat, Izvara, prakRti, puruSa, mAyA i. paribhASAhI zikhAMnI hiMdU dharmAtUnaca ghetalelI disate. jainadharma hA vaidika, brAhmaNa athavA hiMdU dharmAcI zAkhA agara saMpradAya nasUna to eka svataMtra zramaNadharma Ahe. tyAcI mULa tattve, siddhAnta, IzvarAviSayIcI mAnyatA, ahiMsA-saMyama-tapa-vairAgya yAMnA asalele prAdhAnya, he sarva tyA dharmAcI svataMtratA siddha karaNyAsa purese Ahe. kALAnusAra bAhya parivartane yeUnahI jaina dharmAcA gAbhA toca rAhilA. ___ donhI dharmAMcyA dhArmika graMthAMcyA svarUpAtahI mUlagAmI bheda ADhaLatAta. donhI dharmAMce graMtha tyA-tyA kALAta bolIbhASeta asaNe' he sAmya mAtra tyAta disate. garugraMthasAhiba yA ekAca graMthAlA zIkhadharmAne maLa AgamagraMthAcA darjA dilA Ahe. jainAMmadhye zvetAMbara saMpradAyAne 45 athavA 32 ardhamAgadhI AgamagraMtha mAnale Aheta. digaMbarIya loka zaurasenI bhASetIla prAcIna graMthAMnA AgamagraMtha mAnatAta. yAcA artha asA kI jaina AgamagraMtha vistArAne va saMkhyene kitItarI adhika Aheta. graMthasAhibAtIla padyAMcyA vibhAgaNIcA mukhya AdhAra 'rAgAnusArI racanA' hA Ahe. zIkhadharmAta ekaMdarItaca gAyana ANi vAdanAlA mahattva asalyAmuLe graMthasAhibAtIla padye rAgAMvara AdhArita, geya, rasALa va bhaktirasapUrNa Aheta. yAulaTa gAyanavAdana i. sarva kalAviSkAra jaina sAdhUMsAThI pApazruta va varjanIya mAnale Aheta. tyAmuLe kAhI jaina Agama chaMdobaddha asale tarI gAyanavAdanAlA tyAta sthAna nAhI. zivAya 'guru mAniyo graMtha' ase mhaNUna zikhAMcyA

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- - dahAvyA gurUMnaMtara te yA graMthAlAca gurusthAnI ThevatAta. jaina loka jJAnapaMcamI athavA zrutapaMcamIlA graMthAMcI pUjA kIta asale tarI te gurusthAnI mAnIta nAhI. ulaTa AgamagraMthAMce jJAna prabhAvI upAdhyAya kiMvA gurUMkaDUnaca gheNyAcA pradhAta Ahe. graMthasAhibAta zIkha dharmAtIla gurUMcyA padyaracanAMbarobaraca jayadeva kavI, kabIra, nAmadeva yAMcyAhI racanA sammIli Aheta. yAta disUna yeNArA udAramatavAda ApalyAlA RSibhASitAsArakhyA ekhAdyAca prAcIna jaina graMthAta disato. jaina dharmAta jasajasA kaTTarapaNA vADhata gelA tasatazI itarAMcI saMbhAvanA te 'mithyAtvI' agara 'pAkhaMDI' mhaNUna karU lAgale. anekAntavAdAzI visaMgata azI hI goSTa haLUhaLU yA dharmAta ziralI. ___ eka paripUrNa darzana' yA dRSTIne vicAra karatA jaina dharmAtIla sarvAta adhika pramANita saMskRta sUtrabaddha graMtha 'tattvArthasUtra' yAcA nirdeza karatA yeto. tattvajJAna, vastumImAMsA, AcaraNa, jJAnamImAMsA va adhyAtma yA sarvAMcI surekha guMphaNa yA graMthAta disate. zIkha dharmAta mAtra tattvajJAna va AcAraviSayaka mArgadarzana graMthasAhibAtUna vikhuralelyA svarUpAta ADhaLate va tehI zodhUna kADhAve lAgate. tattvajJAnAcI sughaTa, tArkika mAMDaNI he jaina darzanAce khAsa vaiziSTya disate.tattvajJAna va AcAra samajUna sAMgaNyAsAThI jainAMnI vividha prAkRta va saMskRta bhASeta jI vipula sAhityAcI nirmitI kelI, tehI jaina dharmAce vaiziSTya Ahe. ___ yA donhI dharmAtIla tattvajJAnAcA DhAcAca vegaLA asalyAmuLe tyAviSayI adhika carcA karaNe yethe ucita TharaNAra nAhI. mAtra dona-tIna goSTI namUda karAvyAzA vATatAta. 'jaga nirmiNa sAmarthyazAlI sata-svarUpa IzvaralA saMpUrNa zaraNa jANe' - he zIkha dharmAce vaiziSTya Ahe. yAulaTa jagatkA IzvarAcI sattA amAnya karUna jainadharma, karma ANi puruSArtha yAcI sAMgaDa ghAlato. svata:cI Atmika zuddhI sarvocca mAnUna Izvara zaraNAgatIlA sthAna deta nAhI. tIrthaMkarAMnA suddhA jainadharma kavaLa pUjanIyatecyA sthAnAvara Thevato. koNAcyA kRpene uddharUna jANyAcI goSTa jainadharma mAnya karIta nAhI. gurugraMthasAhibAta karmagatIcA ullekha asalA tarI karmasiddhAnta tyAMnI vizeSa spaSTa kelelA nAhI. ___ zIkhadharma sRSTIcI utpatti IzvarakRta mAnato tara jainadharma sRSTIlA anAdianaMta mAnato. zIkha dharmApekSA jaina dharmAtIla svarga-naraka kalpanA tarkadRSTyA adhika susaMgata va caturgatIMvara AdhArita Aheta. donhI dharmAMnI jAtivarNabhedAMcA niSedha kelA Ahe. zIkha dharmAne sarva jAtivarNAMcyA lokAMsAThI 'laMgara prathA' cAlU kelI. AjahI laMgara pratheta jAtivarNabheda, uccanIca, raMkarAva ase bheda kele jAta nAhIta. sarvajaNa ekatra miLUnaca tethe asalelI sarva kAme karatAta va ekatra jevatAta. jaina dharmAta siddhAntarUpAne jarI jAtivarNabheda mAnya kelA nasalA tarI pratyakSa vyavahArAta mAtra mAgIla dArAne jAtivarNavyavasthA ghusalelI disate. ____ zIkha dharmAtIla dahA gurUMnI tIrthayAtrA karaNyAcA niSedha kelA asalA tarI tyA-tyA gurUMcyA nAvAne tIrthakSetre nirmANa jhAlI Aheta. badalatyA paristhitIta tyAta kAhI anucitahI vATata nAhI. jaina dharmAta mAtra sAta supradhiddha tIrthakSetrAMcyA yAtrA prAcIna kALApAsUna AjaparyaMta pracalita Aheta. ___mAMsAhArAcA saMpUrNata: niSedha he jaina dharmAce eka vizeSa lakSaNa mAnale jAte. tyA tulaneta zIkha gRhastha sAmiSa va nirAmiSa donhI prakArace AhAra ApApalyA vaiyaktika AvaDInusAra ghetAnA disatAta. tyAbAbata tyAMnA zIkha dharmAce kaDaka baMdhana disata nAhI. zIkha samAjAta nAmakaraNa, vivAha, dIkSA, mRtyU i. saMskAra atizaya sAdhepaNAne sAjare kele jAtAta. tyAveLI graMthasAhibAtIla padye mhaTalI jAtAta. jaina samAjAta he sarva saMskAra va vizeSata: dIkSA atizaya thATAmATAta va DAmaDaulAta hote. nAmakaraNa, vivAha i. prasaMgI AgamAtIla pATha vAcaNyAcA praghAta nAhI. zikhAMcyA dhArmika cihnAta kRpANa, kaTyAra athavA talavArIcA samAveza asato. yAulaTa jaina dharmAta hI sarva hiMsecI upakaraNe mAnUna tyAMcI devagheva kaTAkSAne TALalI jAte. ___ annapAnAce kaDaka niyama, kaMdamuLAMce varjana, rAtribhojanAcA tyAga, upavAsAlA dilele mahattva, parISaha sahana karaNyAviSayIce mArgadarzana hI sarva jaina dharmAcI vaiziSTye Aheta. yAbAbatIta mAtra zIkha dharmAcI dRSTI sarvasvI vegaLI

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Ahe. 'zarIra hA AtmyAcA pAhuNA asUna tyAlA lAgaNAre savvAcArazera annapANI rojacyA roja dyA', azA ta-hece udgAra graMthasAhibAta ADhaLatAta. upAsatApAsAlA jAsta prAdhAnya nAhI. 'bhikSAcarya' pUrNa varNya Ahe. zIkha dharmAtIla pahilyA pAca gurUMnI ApalyA AyuSyAcyA zevaTAparyaMta satsaMgAbarobaraca zetI vyavasAyahI kelA. hAtAne kAma va strAne harinAma' yAca sUtrAne zIkhadharmIya vAgata hote va Aheta. yAbAbata gItetIla niSkAma karmayoga hA tyAMnA AdarzarUpa vATato. AdhyAtmika unnatIsAThI saMsAra soDaNyAcI garaja bhAsata nAhI. graMthasAhibAta mhaTale Ahe kI, 'hasaMdiA khelaMdiA painaMdiA khAvaMdiA vice hovai mukati / ' jIvana utsAhAne jagaNyAcI zikhAMcI pravRttiparakatA yA udgazAtUna spaSTa disate. ___zikhAMcA itihAsa ANi jainAMcA itihAsa yAta mUlagAmI pharaka Ahe. jainAMcyA itihAsAta zAMtatA, ahiMsA ANi saMyama yAMce sAmrAjya disate. sazastra pratikArAcA tyAMnI kadhIhI vicAra kelA nAhI. yAulaTa zikhAMcyA zevaTazevaTacyA gurUMcA itihAsa hA laDhAyA, raktapAta, sAmrAjya, balidAna yAMnI bharalelA disato. bhAratAcyA uttara sImelA lAgUna asalelyA yA paMjAba prAMtAne i.sa.cyA 7-8 vyA zatakApAsUna te theTa briTIza rAjavaTIparyaMta aneka parakIya AkramaNe sosalI. atyAcAra sahana kele. dhArmika julUmahI anubhavale. laDhAU bANyAcyA yA samAjAne yA sarva anyAyAcA pratikAra samarthapaNe kelA. parakIya dharma va rAjyakartyAMpuDhe kadhIhI mAna tukavilI nAhI. akhera akhera tara sazastra sainyadaLehI ubhI kelI. ____svataMtra khAlasA rAjyAcyA mAgaNIsAThI AjahI gurUdvArAMcyA AzrayAne zastra-sAThA karaNyAcA prasaMga zikhAMcyA itihAsAta yeUna gelA. kai. iMdirA gAMdhIMcyA rAjavaTIta 'oNparezana blU sTAra' karUna hA prayatna moDUna kADhAvA lAgalA. 'saccA DerA saudA' caLavaLImadhye nukatAca raktapAta jhAlyAce prasaMgahI ghaDale Aheta. tyAMcyA itihAsAcI samIkSA karatAnA hI sarva dhArmika, rAjakIya va sAmAjika pArzvabhUmI baghaNe atyaMta garajece Ahe. eka goSTa mAtra kharI kI tyAMnI svata:cyA dharmAcA prasAra mAtra kadhIhI talavArIcyA baLAvara kelA nAhI. gAyana-bhajana-satsaMga va upadeza azA sopyA mArgAMnI tyAMnI zIkhadharmAcA prasAra kelA. vANIsaMyama, mana:saMyama, satsaMga, sevA, aikya, dayA-kSamA-saMtoSa, kAma-krodha i.cA tyAga, dAnAdi puNyAcaraNa, svata:cI sudhAraNA, sArthaka-nirarthaka viveka ANi kRtrimatecA niSedha he sAre mudde mAtra jaina va zIkha yA donhI dharmAta samAna disatAta. ___ yA taulanika nirIkSaNAMcA uddeza koNAcIhI zreSThatA-kaniSThatA TharaviNe hA nAhI. jainadharma va zIkhadharma yAMcI pArzvabhUmI, itihAsa, jIvanAkaDe pAhaNyAce dRSTikona yA dRSTIne tyAMcyA aMtaraMgAcA zodha gheNyAcA hA eka prayatna Ahe. **********

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22. jainAMcyA AgamagraMthAMtIla bahAttara kalA (vidarbha saMzodhana maMDaLa vArSika, 1986) prAcIna bhAratAta adhyayanAce viSaya mhaNUna aneka vidyA, kalA, ityAdIMcA ullekha vAGmayAta sApaDato. hiMdUMcyA graMthAta causaSTa kalAMcA nirdeza yeto. yA kalAMce parigaNana va artha yAMbAbata matabheda disato. taseca kadhI 64 pekSA adhika kalAhI sAMgitalyA gelyA Aheta. ' bauddhAMcyA lalitavistara nAmaka graMthAta bodhisattva mhaNaje buddha hA 90 pekSA adhika kalAMmadhye pAraMgata hotA, ase mhaTale Ahe. jaina dharmIyAMcyA graMthAta 72 kalA asA ullekha yeto. yA 72 kalAMcyA sUcI jainAMcyA AgamagraMthAta ADhaLatAta. jainAMcyA Agametara graMthAta prAyaH azA sUcI nAhIta. tathApi udyotanasUrikRta kuvalayamAlA' yA prAkRta bhASetIla graMthAta 72 kalAMce parigaNana Ahe. paNa tyA kalA AgamagraMthAMtIla kalAMpekSA vegaLyA Aheta. prastuta lekhAta jainAMcyA Agama graMthAtIla 72 kalAMcA vicAra kelA Ahe. kalA mhaNaje kAya ? kalA yA zabdAce aneka vyutpattyartha taseca pracalita artha dile jAtAta. tyAMmadhye 'ekhAdyA kAmAtIla apekSita athavA Avazyaka cAturya, prAvINya' asA eka artha Ahe. jainAMcyA AgamagraMthAvarIla TIkAkAra' abhayadeva hA 'kalA:' mhaNaje 'vijJAnAni' asA artha deto. tyAcyA mate, ekhAdyA jJeya viSayAce vizeSa jJAna mhaNaje kalA hoya ANi mhaNUna 'kalanIyabhedAd dvisaptatiH kalAH' ase to sAMgato. jaina AgamagraMthAtIla 72 kalA jainAMcyA AgamagraMthAMpaikI samavAyAMgasUtra, jJAtRdharmakathA (nAyAdhammakahAo ), aupapAtikasUtra ANi rAjapraznIyasUtra (rAyapaseNaiyasutta kiMvA paesikahANaya) yA cAra graMthAta 72 kalA dilelyA Aheta. yA kalAMmadhye kAhI kalA samAna Aheta tara kAhI kalA vegaLyA Aheta. taseca lakSaNIya goSTa azI kI kAhI graMthAta yA kalA 72 pekSA jAstaca Aheta. eke ThikANI tara 72 hI saMkhyA sAdhaNyAsa, aneka kalA ekAca kramAMkAkhAlI dilelyA Aheta. hA sarva tapazIla puDhIlapramANe sAMgatA yeIla. (a) nAyAdhammakahAo yA graMthAta kalA barobara 72 Aheta. (A) samavAyAMgasUtra-yethe kramAMka deUna 72 kalA dilelyA Aheta. paraMtu kalA kramAMka 67 khAlI ekUNa 3 kalA, kramAMka 68 khAlI ekUNa 7 kalA, kramAMka 69 khAlI ekUNa 5 kalA, kramAMka 70 khAlI ekaMdara 2 kalA, ANi kramAMka 71 khAlI ekUNa 2 kalA Aheta. AtA, tyA tyA kramAMkAkhAlI jara ekaca kalA ThevalI, tara ekUNa caudA kalA - (3+7+5+2+2 = 19 ; 19-5 = 14) jAsta hotAta. mhaNaje samavAyAMgasUtrAta ekUNa kalA 86 (72+14) hotAta. samavAyAMgasUtrAtIla kalAMcyA saMdarbhAta puDhIla goSTa sAMgaNe Avazyaka Ahe. bha.mahAvIra 2500 mahAnirvANa mahotsava yAprasaMgI, paMDitA sumatibAI zahA yAMcyA saMpAdakatvAkhAlI prasiddha jhAlelyA 'pUrNArghya' yA jJAnakozAtmaka graMthAta, 'samavAyAMgasUtrAmadhye 72 kalAMcI nAmAvalI Ahe.' (pR.785) ase mhaNUna puDhe yAdI detAnA mAtra pratyakSAta 85 kalA dilelyA Aheta. ANi kalAMcI 85 saMkhyA hoNyAce kAraNa ase kI 'pokkhacca' hI kalA yA yAdItUna gaLalI Ahe ; tI dharalI kI samavAyAMgasUtrAtIla kalA 86 hotAta. mhaNaje 72 mhaNUna ApaNa 85-86 kalA de Ahota, he yA kalAMbaddala lihiNAr2yA lekhakAcyA lakSAta Alele disata nAhI. (taseca, pUrNArghya madhIla yA yAdIta

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camatkArika mudraNadoSa jhAlele Aheta. tyAMcA nirdeza puDhe kelA Ahe.) (i) aupapAtikasUtra-yA sUtrAcyA mudrita pothIta kalAMcI saMkhyA 75 hote. prA. surU yAMnI saMpAdita kelelyA aupapAtika sUtrAta sahA kalA kaMsAta ThevalelyA Aheta. tyA dharUna ekUNa 80 kalA hotAta, tyA soDalyAsa kalA 74 hotAta. prA. surUcyA pustakAta kaMsAta asaNAr2yA 'vatthavihi' ANi 'vilevaNavihi' yA kalA pAthImadhye kaMsarahita dilyA Aheta. kherIja, surU-saMpAdita pustakAtIla saMbhava, muThThinjuddha, maNipAga, ANi dhAupAga' yA kalA pothIta nAhIta. __ yethehI puDhIla goSTa lakSAta ghyAvI :- vara ullekhilelyA pUrNArghya' graMthAta mhaTale Ahe. 'aupapAtikasUtrAmadhye bahAttara kalAMcI eka yAdI dilelI Ahe. tI yA yAdIpramANeca (mhaNaje samavAyAMgasUtrAtIla yAdIpramANeca) asUna kevaLa kAhI nAvAMmadhye pharaka Ahe.' (pR.787) paNa he vidhAna saMpUrNapaNe barobara nAhI. kAraNa aupapAtikasUtrAtIla puDhIla 8 kalA samavAyAMgasUtrAta nAhItaca. (1) pAsaka, (2) hiraNNajutti, (3) suvaNNajutti, (4) cuNNajutti, (5) cakkavUha, (6) garulavUha, (7) sagaDavUha ANi (8) layAjuddha, mhaNaje yethehI kalAMbaddala lihiNAr2yA lekhakAcA ghoTALA jhAlelA Ahe. (I) malayagiri yA TIkAkArAcyA vRttIsaha asaNAr2yA rAjapraznIya sUtrAcyA mudrita pothIta kalAMcI saMkhyA 73 Ahe. paNa zrI. dozI yAMnI saMpAdita kelelyA rAyapaseNaiyasuttacyA mudrita pothIta 72 kalA Aheta, kAraNa tethe rAja.cyA mudrita pothItIla paDivUha' hI kalA gaLalelI athavA gALalelI Ahe. DaoN.pa.la.vaidya ANi zrI.e.TI.upAdhye yAMnI saMpAdita kelelyA 'paesikahANaya' graMthAta kalAMcI saMkhyA barobara 72 Ahe. tathApi vara ullekhilelyA pothItala kAhI kalA yethe sApaData nAhIta. bahAttara kalAMcI nizcitI ____ vara pAhilyApramANe kalAMcI saMkhyAbhinnatA abhayadevasUrIsArakhyA TIkAkArAcyA lakSAta AlI nasatI taraca navala. yA sthitIta 72 hI kalAMcI saMkhyA sAdhaNyAsa abhayadeva ase sucavito :- kAhI kalAMcA aMtarbhAva anya kalAMmadhye hoto ase samajAve. (ihaca dvisaptatiH iti kalAsaMkhyA uktA, bahutarANi ca sUtre tannAmAni upalabhyante, tatra kAsAMcit kAsucid aMtarbhAva: avagantavyaH / ) he mhaNaNe samAdhAnakAraka vATata nAhI. taseca, kalAMce varga karUna, ekA vargAta aneka kalA ghAtalyA tarI 72 hA kalAsaMkhyecA prazna suTata nAhI. yA bAbatIta ase sucavitA yeIla :- jyApramANe ekhAdyA graMthAcyA aneka hastalikhitAvarUna pATha nizcita karatAnA jAstIta jAsta hastalikhitAta AlelA pATha prAya: svIkAralA jAto. tyApramANe 72 kalAMcyA bAbatIta karAve. mhaNaje ase :- 72 kalA asaNAr2yA sarva graMthAta jyA kalA samAnapaNe yetAta, tyA sarva ghyAvayAcyA yApramANe kramAne karIta gelyAsa 72 kalA TharavitA yetIla, hI dRSTI patkarUna kalAMce parigaNana puDhIlapramANe hoIla. kalAMce parigaNana kalAMcyA sUcI ekUNa cAra graMthAMta Aheta. tevhA prathama cAra graMthAMta, maga tIna graMthAMta, naMtara dona graMthAMta samAna asaNAr2yA kalA, va zevaTI ekekA graMthAMta asaNAr2yA kalAMce nirdeza karatA yetIla. yA saMdarbhAta puDhIla bAbI lakSAta asAvyAta :- (1) jJAtAdharmakathA ANi nAyAdhammakahAo hI ekAca graMthAcI dona nAve Aheta. (2) rAjapraznIya, rAyapaseNaiya ANi paesikahANaya hI ekAca graMthAcI nAve Aheta. (3) kalAMcI nAve prAkRta bhASeta Aheta. tevhA kadhI kalAnAmAMcI varNAntare bhinna asalI tarI kalA mAtra ekaca Ahe. azA kalA detAnA, vegaLe varNAntara deNAr2yA graMthAce nAva kaMsAta Thevale Ahe. (4) kalA-nAmAMcI saMskRta chAyA tyAMce puDhe spaSTIkaraNa karatAnA dilI Ahe.

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(1) nAyA, sama, rAja/rAya, ANi aupa. yA graMthAtIla samAna kalA azA Aheta : (1) leha (2) gaNiya, gaNita (a au) (3) rUva (4) naTTa, NaTTa (aupa) (5) gIya (6) vAiya (7) saragaya (8) pokkharagaya (nAyA, vaipa), pukkharagaya (9) samatAla (10) jUya (11) jaNavAya (12) aTThAvaya (13) porekacca (14) dagamaTTiyA (15) annavihi, aNNavihi (a au) (16) pANavihi (17) vatthavihi (18) sayaNavihi (19) ajjA (20) paheliyA (21) mAgahiyA (22) gAhA (23) siloga, siloya (a au, jJAtA) (24) AbharaNavihi (25) taruNIpaDikamma (26) ithilakkhaNa, itthIlakkhaNa (sama) (27) purisalakkhaNa (28) hayalakkhaNa (29) gayalakkhaNa (30) goNalakkhaNa (31) kukkuDalakkhaNa (32) chattalakkhaNa (33) daMDalakkhaNa, DaMDalakkhaNa (jJAtA) (34) asilakkhaNa (35) maNilakkhaNa (36) kAgiNilakkhaNa (nAyA). kAgaNilakkhaNa (sama, rAya, suau, jJAtA), kAkaNilakkhaNa (aau) (37) nagaramANa, NagaramANa (rAya, rAja) (38) vUha (39) paDivUha, parivUha (jJAtA) (40) cAra (41) paDicAra, paricAra (jJAtA) (42) juddha (43) nijuddha, niyuddha (rAya) (44) juddhAijuddha', juddhAtijuddha (jJAtA, aau) (45) muTThijuddha (46) bAhujuddha (47) Isattha, isattha (aau) (48) charuppavAya, charuppavAha (aau) (49) dhaNuvveya, dhaNuveya (rAja, rAya) (50) hiraNNapAga, hirannapAga (jJAtA) (51) suvaNNapAga, suvannapAga (sama, jJAtA) (52) vaTTakheDa (nAyA, sama, aau), vaTTakheDDa (rAma, rAja), vattakheDDa (suau) (53) nAliyAkheDa (nAyA, sama, vaipa), NAliyAkheDa (a au) NAliyA kheDDa (rAya, rAja, suau) (54) pattacchejja (55) kaDacchejja (nAyA), kaDagacchejja (jJAtA, sama, rAya, rAja, suau), kaDavacchejja (aau) (56) sajjIva, sajIva (sama, rAja) (57) nijjIva (58) sauNaruya. (2) (a) nAyA, rAya, aupa yA tinhItIla samAna kalA azA : (1) pAsaya (nAyA), pAsaga (rAja, rAya), pAsaka (a au) (2) vilevaNavihi (3) gIiyA (4) hiraNNajutti (5) suvaNNajutti, suvanna-jutti (jJAtA) (6) cuNNajutti, cunnajutti (jJAtA) (7) vatthuvijjA (8) cakkavUha (9) garulavUha (10) sagaDavUha (11) layAjuddha. (A) nAyA, sama ANi rAya yA tinhItIla samAna kalA azA :(1) aTThijuddha (2) suttakheDa, suttakheDDa (rAya) (i) sama, rAya ANi aupa yA tinhItIla samAna kalA azA :(1) cakkalakkhaNa (2) maNipAga (suau) (3) dhAtupAga (suau) (I) nAyA, sama ANi aupa yA tinhItIla samAna kalA azA :(1) khaMdhAramANa (nAyA, suau), khaMdhAvAramANa (sama) (3) sama ANi aupa yA dona graMthAMtIla samAna kalA puDhIlapramANe : (1) gaMdha jutti (2) cammalakkhaNa (3) khaMdhAvAranivesa (sama), khaMdhAranivesaNa (suau) (4) vatthunivesa (sama)11, vatthunivesaNa (suau) (5) nagaranivesa (sama), nagaranivesaNa (suau) (4) ekAca graMthAta ADhaLaNAr2yA kalA azA Aheta :(ka) rAya / rAja madhye puDhIla kalA Aheta :(1) NiddAiya (NiddAiyA) (2) mANavAra (3) juddhajuddha (4) khaMdhavAra, khaMdavAra (upa) (5) jaNavaya

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(kha) aupa madhye puDhIlapramANe kalA Aheta :(1) saMbhava (2) muttAkheDa (suau) (3) khuttAkheDDa (aau) (ga) sama madhye asaNAr2yA kalA puDhIlapramANe Aheta : (1) madhusittha (2) miMDhayalakkhaNa (3) caMdalakkhaNa (4) sUracariya (5) rAhucariya (6) gahacariya (7) sobhAgakara (8) dobhAgakara (9) vijjAgaya (10) maMtagaya (11) rahassagaya (12) sabhAsA (13) vatthumANa (14) daMDajuddha (15) AsasikkhA (16) hatthisikkhA (17) dhammakheDa (18) cammakheDa varIla parigaNanAcA sArAMza asA :(1) nAyA, sama, rAja / rAya, aupa yA cArAMtIla kalA (2) tIna graMthAMtIla samAna kalA (a) nAyA, rAya, aupa (A) nAyA, sama, rAya (i) sama, rAya, aupa (I) nAyA, sama, aupa Mrm ML (3) sama va aupa yA dohoMtIla kalA (4) ekekA graMthAtIla kalA :(ka) rAya / rAja (kha) aupa (ga) sama 3 // 106 kalA bahAttara kazA hotIla ? vara pAhilyApramANe cAra graMthAtIla samAna 58 kalA ANi (a) madhIla tIna graMthAMtIla samAna 11 kalA miLUna 69 kalA hotAta. AtA, varIla (A), (i) ANi (I) madhye tIna graMthAMnA samAna kalA 2,3,1 azA Aheta : (1) aTijuddha (1) cakkalakkhaNa (2) suttakheDa (2) maNipAga (1) khaMdhAvAramANa (3) dhAtupAga yAtIla koNatyA tIna kalA gheUna 72 hI saMkhyA sAdhAvI, asA prazna nirmANa hoto. yA praznAce uttara tIna prakArAMnI detA yeIla : (a) abhayadevAne sucavilyApramANe, varIla 2,3,1 kalAMtIla eka kalA dusar2yA kaleta samAviSTa karAvayAce Tharavile tara mAge AlelyA 'hiraNNapAga' madhye 'dhAtupAga' ANi 'maNipAga' yA kalA jAtIla, ANi 'nagaramANa'madhye 'khaMdhAvAramANa' hI kalA jAIla. maga (1) aTThijuddha (2) suttakheDa, va (3) cakkalakkhaNa yA tIna kalA uratIla. yA tIna kalA va pUrvIcyA 69 kalA miLUna 72 kalA hotIla (yethe pUrvIcyA koNatyA kaleta dusarI kalA ghAlAvI yAbaddala matabheda hoNyAcI zakyatA Ahe). (A) cAra graMthAMnA samAna asaNAr2yA 58 kalA gheUna, 72 saMkhyA purI karaNyAsa tIna graMthAtIla samAna kalAMmadhUna 14 kalA puDhIlapramANe nivaDatA yetIla (yethehI nivaDIbAbata matabheda

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hoNyAcI zakyatA Ahe) :- (1) pAsaya (2) vilevaNavihi (3) gIiyA (4) hiraNNajutti (5) suvaNNajutti (6) cuNNajutti (7) vatthuvijjA (8) cakkavUha (9) garulavUha (10) sagaDavUha (11) layAjuddha (12) suttakheDa (13) cakkalakkhaNa (14) dhAtupAga (i) cAra graMthAMtIla samAna 58 kalA gheUna, 72 saMkhyA purI karaNyAsa tIna, dona va ekA graMthAta yeNAr2yA kalAMtUna puDhIla 14 kalA nivaDatA yetIla (yethehI nivaDIbAbata matabheda hoIla) :-(1) hiraNNajutti (2) suvaNNajutti (3) cuNNajutti (4) vatthuvijjA (5) layAjuddha (6) suttakheDa (7) dhAtupAga (8) cammalakkhaNa (9) khaMdhAvAranivesa (10) gahacariya (11) vijjAgama (12) AsasikkhA (13) hatthisikkhA (14) cammakheDa varIla carcecA mathitArtha asA hoto :- cAra graMthAMtIla samAna azA 58 kalA kaLalyA tarI uralelyA 14 kalA TharaviNyAbAbata matabheda hoIla. azA sthitIta '72 kalA yAca' ase nizcitapaNe sAMgaNe zakya hoNAra nAhI, he ughaDa Ahe. ___ azA sthitItahI abhayadevAcyA mhaNaNyApramANe, TharavalelyA 72 kalAMta, bahAttara soDUna uralelyA 34 kalA kazAbazA basavilyA. udAharaNArtha - cuNNajuttimadhye gaMdhajutti (1) juddhamadhye aTThijuddha (2) va juddhajuddha (3) asilakkhaNamadhye cakkalakkhaNa (4) dhAtupAgamadhye mANipAga (5) vatthuvijjAmadhye khaMdhAramANa (6) mANavAra (7) khaMdhAvAranivesa (8) vatthunivesa (9) nagaranivesa (10) khaMdhavAra (11) vatthumANa (12) layAjuddhamadhye daMDajuddha (13) jaNavAyamadhye jaNavaya (14) vaTTakheDamadhye muttAkheDa (15) cammakheDa (16) dhammakheDa (17) pokkharagayamadhye khuttAkheDa (18) goNalakkhaNamadhye miMDhayalakkhaNa (19) taruNIpaDikammamadhye madhusittha (20) nijjIvamadhye NiddAiyA (21) sauNaruyamadhye sabhAsA (22) hayalakkhaNamadhye AsasikkhA (23) gayalakkhaNamadhye hatthisikkhA (24) ase kele tarIsuddhA samamadhIla puDhIla dahA kalA koNatyA anya kalAMta aMtarbhUta karatA yetIla hA praznaca Ahe. (1) saMbhava (2) caMdalakkhaNa (3) sUracariya (4) rAhucariya (5) gahacariya (6) sobhAgakara (7) dobhAgakara (8) vijjAgaya (9) maMtagaya (10) rahassagaya. AtA, vargIkaraNa karUna 72 kalA TharavAvyAta, ase mhaTale tarI kalAMcI saMkhyA 106 ca rahANAra ANi kalAMceca 72 varga karUna tyAMmadhye 106 kalA basavAvyAta ase mhaTale tarI varga mhaNUna koNatI kalA ghyAvI va tIca kA ghyAvI, hA prazna nirmANa hotoca. azA sthitIta 72 kalAMcI nizcitI karaNe he kAma soDUna deNeca yogya vATate. tyApekSA jainAgamAMta ADhaLaNAr2yA 106 kalAMce artha jANUna gheNe heca aneka dRSTIMnI yogya vATate. kalAvAcaka zabdAMce artha jainAMcyA jyA cAra AgamagraMthAMta kalAMcyA sUcI Aheta, tyA graMthAMvarIla prAcIna TIkAkArAMnI tyAMce spaSTIkaNa dilele nAhI. yAlA thoDAsA apavAda abhayadeva hA Ahe. samavAyAMgasUtrAvarIla ApalyA TIketa tyAne leha, gaNiya, rUva, naTTa, ANi vAiya yA zabdAMce spaSTIkaraNa dilele Ahe. uralelyA kalAMcyA bAbatIta, 'ityAdika: kalAvibhAgo laukikazAstrebhya: avaseya:' (pR.83ba) ase mhaNUna to mokaLA hoto. tyAmuLe he AgamagraMtha saMpAdita karaNAr2yA Adhunika vidvAnAMnI dilelyA arthAMkaDe ApaNAMsa vaLAve lAgate. tyAcI mAhitI azI : (a) DaoN.pa.la.vaidya ANi zrI.e.TI.upAdhye yAMnI svataMtrapaNe 'paesikahANaya' saMpAdita kele Ahe. tyAMmadhye 72 kalAMce artha iMgrajI bhASeta Aheta.(A) samavAyAMgasUtrAtIla kAhI kalAMce marAThIta vargIkaraNa taseca spaSTIkaraNa 'pUrNArghya' graMthAta sApaDate. (i) jJAtAdharmakathAsUtrAcyA mudrita AvRttIta kalAMce artha gujarAthI bhASeta Aheta. kherIja nAyAdhammakahAomadhIla kalAMce artha el.DI.bArneTa yA paMDitAne ApalyA aMtagaDadasAo' yA anya jainAgamagraMthAcA

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iMgrajI bhASAMtarAta dile Aheta. yAce kAraNa ase. aMtagaDadasAo graMthAcyA tisar2yA vargAta, 'gayasukumAla' yA kumArAcI kathA Ahe. tyAcyA saMdarbhAta, tyAcyA zikSaNApAsUna te to bhogasamartha' hoIparyaMtace varNana he meha' mArApramANe Ahe ase mhaTale Ahe (tae NaM tasya dAragassa amApiyaro nAmaM kareMti gayasukumAle tti / sesaMjahA mehe jAva bhosamatthe jAe yAvi hotthA / ) AtA, yA meha kumArAcI kathA nAyAdhammakahAomadhye prathama yete. hA meha 72 kalA zikato. tyAMcI yAdI nAyAmadhye Ahe. tyA 72 kalAMcA artha bArneTa deto. bArneTane dilelyA arthAMcyA bAbatItahI dona goSTI yethe namUda karAvayAsa havyAta :- (1) bArneTane 'vilevaNavihi'ce bhASAMtara dilele nAhI. (2) bArneTace Rules of House Keeping he zabda muLAtIla koNatyAhI zabdAsAThI nAhIta. tevhA nAmAmadhIla 'vatthavihi' hI kalA 'vatthuvihi' azI gheUna, bArneTane hA artha dilA kI Rules of Besmearing ase tyAlA mhaNAvayAce hote, he kAhI sAMgatA yeta nAhI. vara ullekhilele sarva artha nehamIca yogya vATata nAhIta, taseca tyAMmadhye sarva 106 kalAMcA artha AlelA nAhI. mhaNUna prastuta lekhAta ase kele Ahe :- varIla sarva artha ekatra karUna dile Aheta, tyAta kAhI ThikANI adhika mAhitI pUraka mhaNUna joDalI Ahe. kAhIMce navIna artha sucavile Aheta. ANi jyA kalAMce artha pUrvI yeUna gelele nAhIta, tyAMcA artha dilelA Ahe. ___kalAMce artha detAnA, puDhIla paddhata svIkAralI Ahe :- (1) iMgrajI arthAMce marAThI rUpAMtara kele Ahe, va mULa iMgrajI zabda TIpAMta dile Aheta. (2) bahuteka ThikANI gujarAthI artha tasAca dilA Ahe, to kaLaNyAsa phArazI aDacaNa yeta nAhI. (3) artha jyAMnI dile Aheta, tyAMcI AdyAkSare tyA tyA arthAMpuDhe kaMsAta ThevalI Aheta. (4) pUrNArghya graMthAta vargIkaraNa karUna jase artha dile Aheta, taseca te yogya tethe TIpAMta dile Aheta.(5) vara jyA kramAne kalAMce parigaNana kele Ahe tyAca kramAne tyAMcA artha dilA Ahe. sarva kalAMce artha (1) cArahI graMthAMta samAna asaNAr2yA kalA (1) leha (lekha) :- lekhana (bA.vai.u.gu.) niranirALyA lipItIla va padArthAMvarIla ANi viSayAMvarIla lekhana, asA artha abhayadeva deto. tyAlA dharUna pUrNAr2yAmadhye artha dilA Ahe (pR.785). svAmI, sevaka, pitA ityAdIMnA uddezUna karAvayAce patralekhana2 asAhI artha abhayadeva deto. (2) gaNiya (gaNita) :- saMkhyAna (a), aMkagaNita (bA.vai.), aMkagaNita, bIjagaNita va rekhAgaNita (=bhUmiti) (u)-moThyA saMkhyAMcA guNAkAra ityAdi kriyA toMDI vA jhaTapaTa karaNe (A). (3) rUva (rUpa) :- soMga gheNe.2 (bA.vai.), raMgaviNe (vai), nANI pADaNyAcI vA dravyavinimayAcI kalA (vai), rUpa badalaNyAcI kalA (u.gu.), mUrtikalA va citrakalA 4 (pU)-yethe rUvacA nATaka asA artha gheNyAce kAraNa nAhI, kAraNa to artha puDhIla naTTa'madhye yeto. (4) naTTa (nATya), :- nRtya (bA.vai.u.), nATaka (gu), nATyakalA (a) nATyakaleta nRtyakalAsuddhA yete ase abhayadeva mhaNato. tevhA naTTa mhaNaje nATyakalA vA abhinayakalA ANi nRtyakalA. (kadhI gIta, nRtya ANi vAdina yA tIhIMnA miLUna nATya hI saMjJA dilI jAte. kalAnAM tisRNAmAsAM nATyamekIkriyocyate / (jainAMce) padmapurANa, prathama bhAga (pR.479). hA artha yethe abhipreta nAhI. kAraNa puDhe gIta va vAditta yA kalA svataMtrapaNe sAMgitalyA Aheta.) (5) gIya (gIta) :- gAyana (bA.vai.u.gu.), tAla, sUra, ityAdi sAMbhALUna karAvayAce gAyana. (6) vAiya (vAdita, vAditra) :- vAdyasaMgIta5 (vai.u.), saMgIta vAdye vAjaviNe (bA.vai.gu.), vAdyakalA (a) vAdye hI tata (udA. vINA) avanaddha (udA. mRdaMga), suSira (udA.povA), ANi ghana (udA.TALa) azI cAra prakAracI mAnalI jAtAta. tI vAdye vAjaviNyAcI kalA.

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(7) saragaya-yA zabdAcI saMskRta chAyA 'svaragata' azI gheUna puDhIla artha dile jAtAta :- maukhika saMgIta 16 (vai), AvAjAne saMgIta karaNe (bA), saMgItAtIla svara oLakhaNe (u.gu.)-saragaya zabdAcI saMskRta chAyA 'zaragata' ANi 'smaragata' azIhI hote. zaragata mhaNaje bANavidyA hI puDhe dhanurveda yA nAvAne yete. smara mhaNaje madana, kAma. tevhA smaragata mhaNaje kAmakalA, premakalA, kAmazAstra asA artha hoto (A). (8) pokkharagaya (puSkaragata) :- Dramane saMgIta karaNe (bA), Drama vAjaviNe (vai), puSkara he saMgItAce vAdya vAjaviNe (u), vAjiva samAravAnI kaLA (gu). vAdya hI kalA mAge yeUna gelI Ahe. tevhA puSkara vAdyAce vAdana asA artha gheNyAta aucitya vATata nAhI. mhaNUna puDhIla artha yogya vATato. puSkara mhaNaje pANI (gIlako), maga puSkaragata mhaNaje jalataraNa, pohaNyAcI kalA (A). (9) samatAla (samatAla) :- jhAMja/TALa' yAMce saMgIta (vai), jhAMja/TALa8 vAjaviNe (bA), saMgItAtIla18 kAlAce niyamana (u), samAna tAla jANaNyAcI kalA (gu). mAge vAiya yeUna gelyAne, jhAMja/TALa vAjaviNe hI kalA svataMtra sAMgaNyAcI jarUrI disata nAhI. tyAmuLe hAtAcyA TALIne ThekA deNe, aneka vAdyAMcA samatAla9 sAdhaNe/ oLakhaNe hA artha barA vATato. (10) jUya (dyUta) :- dyUta (bA,vai,u,gu) jugAra. (11) jaNavAya :- yA zabdAcI 'janavAda' azI saMskRta chAyA gheUna puDhIla artha dile jAtAta :- lokAMzI vA lokAMnA AvaDela ase saMbhASaNa (bA), samAjAtIla vaktRtva (ve), saMbhASaNa (u), lokAMbarobara vAdavivAda (gu). hI kalA nAma, sama, aupa ANi vaipa/upamadhye Ahe, paNa rAja/rAya yAMta 'jaNavaya' ase Ahe. zakyatA azI vATate kI 'jaNavaya' hA mudraNadoSa asAvA. tathApi jaNavaya hI svataMtra kalA ghetalyAsa kAya artha hoIla he puDhe sAMgitale Ahe. yethe jaNavAya zabdAcI 'janavrAta' azI saMskRta chAyA hoU zakate ; tyAcA artha janasamUha. tevhA lokasamUhAvara niyaMtraNa ThevaNyAcI kalA, lokAMce netRtva karaNyAcI kalA asA artha hoto (A). (12) aTThAvaya: - yA zabdAcI 'aSTApada' azI saMskRta chAyA gheUna puDhIla artha dile jAtAta :- ATha caurasa21 asaNAr2yA paTAcA kheLa (bA), ATha caurasAMcA kheLa1 (vai), buddhibaLAcA kheLa29 (vai), ATha caurasa21 asaNArA phAzAMcA paTa (u), soMgaTyAMcA paTa22 (copATa) (gu) - aTThAvaya zabdAcI saMskRta chAyA 'arthapada' azI hoU zakate. tyA zabdAcA artha 'arthazAstra' hoU zakato. tevhA kauTilIya arthazAstra sArakhyA zabdAMta arthazAstra zabdAcA jo artha toca artha yethe Ahe (A). (13) porekacca, pokkhacca :- porekacca hA zabda nAyA, vaipa/upa, ANi aupa yAMta Ahe. vaipamadhIla TIpAMta 'porekatta' asAhI zabda dilelA Ahe. rAja/rAyacyA dona pothyAMta pArekavva' asA zabda Ahe. sama.madhye pokkhacca asA zabda Ahe. AtA, pArekavva ANi pokkhacca he donhIhI zabda pAsamamadhye ADhaLata nAhIta. puraskRtya vA pauraskRtya yA saMskRta zabdAMcI varNAntare prAkRtamadhye porekatta, porekacca ANi pokkhacca azI hoU zakatAta. mhaNUna yethe porekacca va pokkhacca hI ekAca kalecI nAve mAnalelI Aheta. 'pArekavva' hA zabda mAtra lekhaka-pramAda kiMvA mudraNadoSa asAvA. porekacca zabdAce ase artha dilele Aheta :- nagararakSaka23 (bA), nagararakSakAcI23 kartavye (?) (vai), nagararakSaNAce23 kartavya athavA nagararakSaka3-kartavye (u), nagararakSaNa (gu), yA arthAMmadhye paurakRtya azI saMskRta chAyA ghetalelI disate. paraMtu tI gheUnahI puDhIla artha hoU zakato :- paurakRtya mhaNaje nAgarikAMcI kArye mhaNaje tyAMce kajje, takrArI ityAdi soDaviNe mhaNaje nyAya deNyAcI kalA asA artha hoto (A). puraskRtya azI chAyA ghetalyAsa, sanmAnanIya/mAnanIya vyaktIcA AdarasatkAra/mAnasanmAna karaNyAce jJAna asA artha hoIla (A). (14) dagamaTTiyA (udakamRttikA) :- mAtIbarobara pANI misaLaNe (bA,vai), pANI va mAtI yAMcyA guNAMcI

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cAcaNI gheNe (u), pANI va mAtI yAMcyA saMyogAne navIna vastU banaviNe (gu) ; sajAvaTa va nirmitIcyA hetUne pANyAmadhye maLalelyA mAtIcyA lagadyApAsUna ghara, mUrti, ityAdi suMdarAkAra vastU nirmANa karaNyAcI kalA (pU).-yethe, pANyAtUna mAtI (=gALa) bAjUlA kADhaNe mhaNaje pANI gALaNyAcI (Filtering) kalA, asAhI artha hoU zakato (A). (15) annavihi (annavidhi) :- annAce niyama (bA,vai), anna gheNyAce vA tayAra karaNyAce niyama (u), dhAnya nIpajAvanAnI kaLA (gu).-anna he bhakSya, coSya, lehya va peya ase cAra prakArace mAnale jAte. tyAta kadhI bhojya hA prakAra ghAlUna anna he pAca prakArace mAnale jAte. anna tayAra karaNyAcI kalA mhaNaje pAkakalA. yAkherIja bhinna Rtu ANi upavAsadivasa yAveLI koNate anna kase khAve yAce niyama (A). (16) pANavihiH - yA zabdAcI 'pAnavidhi' azI saMskRta chAyA gheUna puDhe artha dile jAtAta :- piNyAce niyama26 (bA,vai), pANI piNe athavA26 vAparaNe yAMce niyama (u), navaM (navIna) pANI utpanna karavAnI, saMskArathI zuddha karavAnI ane unuM (=garama) karavAnI kaLA (gu).-pAna mhaNaje madyapAna asAhI artha hoto. prAcIna kALI madyapAnAcI prathA hotIca. tevhA pANavihi mhaNaje madyapAnAce niyama (A). kherIja, pANavihi zabdAcI 'prANavidhi' azIhI saMskRta chAyA hote. maga, dehAtIla prANakriyA vyavasthita cAlU ThevaNyAce niyama asA artha hoto (A). (17) vatthavihi (vastravidhi) :- pozAkhAce niyama8 (vai), kapaDe zivaNe, dhuNe va aMgAvara ghAlaNe yAMcI kalA28 (u),navAMvastra banAvavAnI, vastra raMgavAnI, vastra zIvavAnI tathA paheravAnI kaLA (gu) ; vividha prakAracI vastre viNaNyAcI va zivaNyAcI kalA (pU).-niranirALyA prakArace sUta kADhUna, viNUna, raMgavUna zivaNe ANi bhinna Rtu, prasaMga ityAdImadhye yogya tI vastre vAparaNyAcI kalA (A). (18) sayaNavihi :- yAcI saMskRta chAyA 'zayanavidhi' azI gheUna puDhIla artha dile jAtAta :- zayyece niyama29 (bA,vai), zayyA tayAra karaNe ANi vAparaNe yAMcI kalA (u), zayyA banAvavAnI, suvAnI yukti jANavI vigerenI kaLA (gu), zayyecI sajAvaTa karaNyAcI kalA (pU). bhinna prakAracyA-puSpazayyA ityAdi-zayyA tayAra karaNe, tyAMcI sajAvaTa karaNe ityAdi (A). zayana mhaNaje nidrA asAhI artha Ahe. maga nidrA ANaNyAcI kalA asA artha hoIla (A). taseca, sayaNavihi zabdAcI 'sadanavidhi' azIhI saMskRta chAyA hote. maga, ghara suzobhita karaNyAcI, gharAcI aMtarbAhya sajAvaTa karaNyAcI kalA, asA artha hoIla (A). (19) ajjA (AryA) :- AryA chaMdAta racanA vA kAvyaracanA (bA,vai,u) ; saMskRta tathA prAkRta bhASAMnI AryA vigerenA lakSaNa jANavA, banAvavAnI kaLA (gu). AryA he kAvyaracanesAThIce vRtta Ahe. (20) paheliyA (prahelikA) :- kUTa? (bA), kUTAMcI racanA (vai), kUTe31 banaviNe ANi soDaviNe (u), prahelikA bAMdhavAnI kaLA (gu). prahelikA hA citrakAvyAcA eka prakAra Ahe. tyAta dilelyA varNanAvarUna te kazAce varNana Ahe he zodhAvayAce asate. udA. naranArI samutpannA sA strI dehavivarjitA / amukhIkurute zabdaM jAtamAtrA vinazyati / / (uttara-boTAMnI vAjavilelI cuTakI). (21) mAgahiyA :- yA zabdAcA saMbaMdha 'magadha' zabdAzI joDUna puDhIla artha dile jAtAta :- mAgadhI racanA (bA), mAgadhIcI racanA32 (vai), mAgadhI bhASece kiMvA magadha dezAcyA itihAsAce jJAna (u), magadha dezAnI bhASAmAM gAthA vigere banAvavAnI kaLA (ga). pAsamamadhye 'mAgahiA' mhaNaje eka chaMdavizeSa asA artha dilA Ahe : to ghetalyAsa mAgahiA chaMdAtIla kAvyaracanA asA artha hoIla. kherIja hA zabda mAgadha (=bhATa, stutipAThaka) yA zabdApAsUnahI sAdhatA yeto. maga, mAgahiA mhaNaje bhATAMnI racalele stutigIta. va naMtara sAmAnyapaNe stutigIta vA stotra asA artha hoIla (A). (22) gAhA (gAthA) :- gAthA racanA23 (bA), gAthecI racanA23 (vai), gAthAchaMdAta kAvya racanA3 (u), prAkRta bhASAmAM gAthA vigere banAvavAnI kaLA (gu). gAthA hA kAva racanesAThIcA eka chaMda Ahe. (23) siloga (zloka) :- zloka karaNe34 (bA). padyAMcI racanA34 (vai). sAmAnyapaNe padye karaNe athavA34 anuSTup chaMdAta padye karaNe (u), anuSTup zloka banAvavAnI35 kaLA (gu), zloka mhaNaje sAmAnyapaNe padya athavA

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anuSTup chaMdAtIla padya asA artha Ahe. zloka yA zabdAlA mhaNa kiMvA vAkpracAra asA eka artha Ahe (golako), to ghetalyAsa mhaNI tayAra karaNe va tyAMcA artha jANUna gheNe asA artha hoto. to artha barA vATato, kAraNa AttAparyaMta AryA, gAthA yA racanAMcA nirdeza jhAlA Ahe (A). (24) AbharaNavihi (AbharaNavidhi) :- alaMkArAce niyama6 (bA,vai), AbhUSaNa tayAra karaNe va vAparaNe (u.gu.), niranirALI-phUla ityAdIMcI-AbharaNe tayAra karaNe, mAhIta asaNe, va tI kazI kazI vAparAvIta, yAMce jJAna mhaNaje AbharaNavidhi (A). (25) taruNIpaDikamma (taruNIpratikarma) :- striyAMcI veSabhUSA (vA), taruNa kumArIcI veSabhUSA (vai), taruNa striyAMce prasAdhana (u), taruNInI sevA8 (gu), taruNIlA snAna ghAlaNe, tice kesa viMcaraNe, kesAMnA sugaMdhI dhUra deNe, kesAMcI vividha racanA karaNe, tice anya zarIrasaMskAra, veSabhUSA va alaMkArabhUSA yAMcA samAveza taruNIpaDiyamamadhye hoto (A). (26-36) itthilakkhaNa (strIlakSaNa), purisalakkhaNa (puruSalakSaNa) hayalakkhaNa (hayalakSaNa), gayalakkhaNa (gajalakSaNa), goNalakkhaNa (golakSaNa), kukkuDalakkhaNa (kukkuTalakSaNa), chattalakkhaNa (chatralakSaNa), daMDalakkhaNa (daMDalakSaNa), asilakkhaNa (asilakSaNa), maNilakkhaNa (maNilakSaNa), kAgiNilakkhaNa (kAkinIlakSaNa) :(26-36) yA kalAMmadhye kramAne strI, puruSa, ghoDA (haya), hattI (gaya), gAya/baila (goNa), koMbaDA (kukkuDa), chatrI/chatra (chatta), daMDa, taravAra (asi), maNi, ANi kAgiNI nAvAce ratna yAMce lakSaNa jANaNe, azA kalA sAMgitalelyA Aheta. lakSaNa mhaNaje khANAkhuNA (bA), khuNA va cihne9 (vai,u), guNa39 (u), lakSaNa (gu), ase artha dilele Aheta. tevhA, yethe sAMgitalele padArtha ANi prANI he bare-vAITa, sadoSa-nirdoSa, zubha-azubha ityAdi Aheta. he oLakhaNyAcyA tyAMcyA ThikANacyA viziSTa khuNA, AkRti, cihna ityAdi hota (A). yethe, daMDa mhaNaje zastra mhaNUna vAparAvayAcI kAThI, soTA, gadA (u), asA artha dilelA Ahe. sAdhA dAMDakA vA daMDukA asAhI artha hoIla (A). kAgiNi he eka prakArace 1 ratna Ahe. ___ (37) nagaramANa (nagaramAna) :- nagarAce mojamApa (bA), nagarIMcI yo janA vA AkhaNI (vai), nagarayojanA (vai), nagarayojanA (u), navUnagara vasAvavAnuM pramANa vigere (gu). navIna nagara vasavitAnA athavA junyA nagarIlA joDUna navIna nagara vasavitAnA karAvayAcI mojaNI, AkhaNI yojanA ityAdi. (38) vUha (vyUha) :- sainyAcI viziSTa racanA2 (bA), sainyAcI viziSTa 2 uDatI/halatI racanA (vai), sainyAcI mAMDaNI (u) vyUha yuddhanI racanA (gu). saMcalana vA yuddha yAMsAThI karAvayAcI sainyAcI viziSTa racanA athavA mAMDaNI. __ (39) paDivUha (prativyUha) :- (samorIla sainyAcyA") virodhI azI sainyAcI viziSTa racanA (bA), sainyAcI viziSTa (virUddha) uDatI/halatI racanA (vai), (pratipakSAcyA sainyA-)viruddha sainyAcI mAMDaNI (u), sAmAvALAlA (=samorIla) sainya sanmukha svasainya rAkhavAnI kaLA (gu), pratipakSa vA zatru samora asatAnA, svasaMrakSaNa karaNyAsa athavA zatrUlA zaha deNyAsa, tyAlA virodhI hoIla, azI sainyAcI viziSTa prakAracI vyavasthA, mAMDaNI kiMvA racanA. (40) cAra (cAra) :- (sainyAcI) uDatI/halatI45 mAMDaNI (bA), sainyAcI mAMDaNI (vai), sainyagaNanecA 6 aMdAja (u), sainya calAvavAnI kaLA (gu). (41) paDicAra (praticAra) :- (sainyAcI) halatI prati-mAMDaNI (bA), prati 6-mAMDaNI (vai), sainya mAMDaNIcI kalA (u), sainyane sAmA sainyanI sanmukha calAvavAnI kaLoM (gu). cAra ANi paDicAra mhaNaje sainyAcI hAlacAla va zatrUcI cAla pAhUna tyAviruddha ApalyA sainyAcI hAlacAla, he artha ThIka Aheta. tathApi yethe puDhIla arthahI lAgU paDaNAre Aheta :- cAra mhaNaje hera, guptahera. tevhA, cAra mhaNaje pUrva pahANI vA pahANI (Reconnaissance) vA heragiri karaNyAcI kalA. ANi maga praticAra mhaNaje zatrUcyA heragirI viruddhacI heragirI, asA artha hoto (A).

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(42) juddha (yuddha) :- jhagaDA/mArAmArI" (bA, vai, u), sAmAnya yuddha (gu). pratyakSa zatrUbarobara yuddha, jhagaDA, mArAmArI, hANAmArI taseca svataMtrapaNe pratipakSAbarobara karatA yeNArI laThThAlaThThI vA mArAmArI. (43) nijuddha (niyuddha) - jorAcI mArAmArI (bA, vai), javaLUna kelelI, vaiyaktika mArAmArI (u), vizeSa yuddha (gu). nijuddha mhaNaje kustI athavA mallayuddha. hAca artha jaina vAGmayAta anyatrahI sApaDato. udA. AkhyAnamaNikoza, zloka 16 - 17, pR. 261 (A). (44) juddhAijuddha (yuddhAtiyuddha) :- ucca 50 mArAmArI (bA, vai), bhayaMkara " mArAmArI ( u ), atyaMta vizeSa yuddha 51 (gu). (45) muTThijuddha (muSTiyuddha) * muSTi vAparUna kelelI hANAmArI. (46) bAhujuddha (bAhuyuddha) :- kustI 52 (bA, vai), hAtaghAIcI laDhAI (u), hAtAMcA vApara karUna kelelI hANAmArI. (47) Isattha :- yA zabdAcI 'iSu-astra' azI saMskRta chAyA gheUna, bANa soDaNe (bA, vai), dhanuSyabANAce zAstra (u), ase artha dilele Aheta. yA zabdAcI 'ISadartha' azI saMskRta chAyA gheUna, 'thoDAne ghaNuM ane gha thoDuM dekhADavAnI kaLA' (gu). asA artha kelelA Ahe. yethe, Isattha zabdAta pahilA zabda Isa (dezI) = khuMTA, khiLA, Iza=Izvara, ANi IsA = nAMgarAce eka kASTha ANi dusarA zabda zAstra kiMvA astra, he zabda ghetA yetAta. tyAnusAra puDhIla artha hotAta. khiLA Dart, to phuMkUna vA anya prakArAne mAraNyAcI kalA, IzvarAce zAstra mhaNaje IzvaravAdAce jJAna, nAMgarAce kASTha yAvarUna nAMgaraNyAcI kalA. eka nakkI kI yethe 'bANa soDaNe vA dhanuSyabANAce zAstra' he artha ghetA yeNAra nAhIta, kAraNa puDhe dhanurveda hI svataMtra kalA AlI Ahe (A). (48) charuppavAya ( tsarupravAda) :- khaDga pelaNe4/cAlaviNe (bA, vai), khaDgayuddha 4 ( u ), khaDganI mUTha banAvanA vigerenI kaLA (gu). tsaru mhaNaje taravAra vA anya zastra yAMcI mUTha asA artha Ahe. maga mUTha asaNArI zastre cAlaviNyAcI kalA asA artha hoto (A). yethe 'charuppavAha' asAhI pAThabheda ADhaLato. pravAha mhaNaje 'uttama ghoDA' asA artha Ahe (gIlako) tevhA charuppavAha mhaNaje ghoDyAvara basUna mUTha asaNArI zastre cAlaviNyAcI kalA asA artha hoIla (A). (49) dhaNuvveya (dhanurveda) dhanuSyavidyA 55 (bA), dhanuSyabANAce 5 zAstra (vai), dhanuSyabANazAstrAvarIla 55 (veda) graMtha ( u ), dhanuSyabANanI 56 kaLA (gu). (50) hiraNNapAga (hiraNyapAka ) :- aghaDIva sone muzIta ghAlaNe" (bA, vai), rupe vitaLaviNe" (u), rupAno pAka banAvavAnI kaLA (gu). (51) suvaNNapAga (suvarNapAka) :- ghaDIva sone muzIta" ghAlaNe (bA, vai), sone" vitaLaviNe (u), suvarNano pAka banAvavAnI kaLA (gu). yethe hiraNNa ANi suvaNNa ase svataMtra zabda vAparale asalyAne, tyAMce bhinna artha gheNe Avazyaka Tharate. mhaNUna hiraNNa mhaNaje aghaDIva sone, rupe, athavA anya maulyavAn dhAtu, ANi suvarNa mhaNaje ghaDIva sone ase artha ghyAve lAgatAta. : (52) vaTTakheDa :- yA zabdAcI 'vRttakrIDA' azI saMskRta chAyA gheUna, puDhIla artha dilele disatAta. goLyAMzI kheLa (bA), goTyAMzI kheLa" (vai), ceMDUMzI kheLa" (u) yethe vRtta mhaNaje golapadArtha asA artha Ahe. gujarAtI bhASAMtarAta 'kSetra khaMDavAnI (= nAMgaraNyAcI) kalA' asA artha Ahe. AtA vaTTa mhaNaje kAsava (pAsama) hA artha ghetalyAsa, 'kAsavAMzI kheLa' asA artha hoIla (A). vaTTakheDa zabdAcI 'vartmakrIDA' azIhI saMskRta chAyA hote. maga, rastyAvara karAvayAcA athavA dAkhavAvayAcA kheLa, asA artha hoIla (A). (53) nAliyAkheDa :- yA zabdAcI 'nAlikA - krIDA' azI saMskRta chAyA gheUna, puDhIla artha dile jAtAta :- kamaLAMcyAdeg deThAMzI kheLa (bA, vai), kamaLAMce deTha kApaNe, kamaLAcyA deThApAsUna banavilele vA kamaLAcyA

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deThAcA AkAra asaNAre vAdya vAjaviNe, eka prakArace dyUta (u), kamaLanA nALa chedavAnI kaLA (gu). nAlI mhaNaje tAlavAdya asA artha Ahe (gIlako), paNa mAge 'vAiya' yeUna gele asalyAne, to artha yethe gheNyAce kAraNa nAhI. nAlIka mhaNaje bhAlA (gIlako), ANi 'NAliA' mhaNaje ApalyA zarIrApekSA cAra boTe lAMba kAThI (pAsama), ase artha Aheta. he dona artha lakSAta gheUna, nAliyAkheDace puDhIla artha hotAta. bhAlyAcA kheLa, bhAlA phekaNyAcA kheLa ; lahAna bhAlyAcyA TokAlA dorI bAMdhUna kasarata dAkhaviNyAcA kheLa ; bothATIcA kheLa. taseca, nAliyA zabdAcI saMskRta chAyA 'nADikA' azIhI hote. nADikA mhaNaje hAtacalAkhI, zarIrAtIla nADI (ApaTe koza), asA artha Ahe. tyAlA dharUna, hAtacalAkhIcA kheLa, athavA zarIrAtIla viziSTa nADyA dAbaNyAcI kalA, asehI artha hotAta (A). (54) pattacchejja (patracchedya) :- pAnAMvarIla korIva kAma (bA), pAnAMpramANe AkRtyA61 kADhaNe (vai), bANAne jhADAMvarIla1 pAnAMcA vedha karaNe (u), patra chedavAnI kaLA (gu)-patra mhaNaje jhADAce pAna taseca dhAtu ityAdIcA patrA asAhI artha Ahe. te lakSAta ghetalyAsa puDhIla artha hotAta. pAne ityAdI kApUna vegaLyA AkRtyA tayAra karaNe, vastra ityAdIvara vividha pAnAMcyA AkRtyA kADhaNe ; dhAtUMce patre kApaNe ; taseca dhAtu ityAdIMcyA patryAMvara kAma karaNe (A). (55) kaDacchejja/kaDagacchejja (kaTa-/kaTaka-cchedya) :- bAMgaDyAMvara52/kAMkaNAvara korIva kAma karaNe (bA), vartuLAkAra AkRti kADhaNe (ve), bAMgaDItUna/kaMkaNAtUna/kaDyAmadhUna bANa soDaNe (3), kaDA, 12cUDI, kuMDaLa chedavAnI kaLA (gu).-kaTa mhaNaje gavata, bAMbUcA padArtha, phaLI/taktA ase artha Aheta (gIlako). kaDa mhaNaje tAsalele lAkUDa, parvatAcA eka bhAga, ANi kaDA, ase artha Aheta (pAsama). yAMnA anusarUna puDhIla artha hotAta :- gavata kApaNe, bAMbU chilaNe, phaLyA kApaNe, lAkUDa tAsaNe, parvatAcA ekAdA bhAga phoDaNe. (parvatAcyA kaDyAvara caDhaNe-utaraNe hA artha hoIla kAya ?) (A). (56) sajjIva (sajIva) :- jIvana64 deNe (bA,vai), mRta mANasAMnA jivaMta karaNyAcyA maMtrAMce jJAna (u), marelAne (mUrchA pAselAne) maMtrAdika vaDe jIvato karavAnI kaLA (gu).-bezuddha mANasAlA zuddhIvara ANaNyAcI kalA. (zaraNa AlelyAlA jIvadAna deNe asA artha hoIla kAya ? (A)). (57) nijjIva (nirjIva) :- jIvita5 gheNe (bA), jIvita5 kADhUna gheNe (vai), sonyAsArakhyA dhAtUMnA auSadha yA svarUpAta vAparaNyAsa yogya karaNyAcI kalA (u), jIvatAne maMtrAdika vaDe marelA jebo karavAnI kaLA (gu).-yethe nirjIva hA zabda bezuddhI va maraNa yA dona arthAMnI ghetA yeIla. maraNa hA artha ghetalyAsa :- ziraccheda, phAsa, sULa, jALaNe, buDaviNe, taravAra/bhAlA khupasaNe, gadA ityAdIMnI mastaka phoDaNe, gaLA dAbaNe, nAkatoMDa dAbo ityAdIMnI jIva gheNe. bezuddhI asA artha ghetalyAsa :- pIDA/mAra, mohinI vidyA, maMtra, auSadha ityAdIMnI bezuddha karaNe (A). (58) sauNaruya (zakuna ruta) pakSyAMce oraDaNe (bA), pakSyAMce AvAja (vai), bhinna bhinna pakSyAMce AvAja oLakhaNyAcI kalA (u), kAgaDA, ghubaDa, vigere pakSIonA zabda jANavAnI kaLA (gu).-taseca, niranirALyA pakSyAMpramANe svata:cyA toMDAtUna AvAja kADhaNyAcI kalA (A). (2) tIna graMthAMta samAna asaNAr2yA kalA (a) nAyA, rAma, aupa yAMta samAna asaNAr2yA kalA : 1. pAsaya (pAzaka) :- phAzAMnI kheLaNe (bA,vai,u,gu). yAcyA joDIne phAsa kiMvA jALe tayAra karaNyAcI athavA phAzI deNyAcI kalA, asA artha ghetA yeto (A). 2. vilevaNavihi vilepanavidhi :- sugaMdhI pesTace niyama (vai), vilepanAcI kaLA (u), vilepananI vastu jANavI, taiyAra karavI coLavI vigerenI kaLA (gu).-suvAsika vA auSadhI vilepane tayAra karaNe ANi vAparaNe

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(A). 3. gIiyA (gItikA) :- povADA68 karaNe (bA), bhAvagIte va povADe yAMcI racanA (vai), gIti vRttAta gANI vA kAvya8 yAMcI racanA (u), gIta banAvavAnI kaLA (gu)-gIti nAmaka vRttAta padye karaNe vA gIte racaNe. 4. hiraNNajutti (hiraNyayukti) :- aghaDIva sone karaNyAcA69 upAya (bA), aghaDIva sonyAcA zodha va kAma (vai), rupe vA anya maulyavAn dhAtu yAMcI cAcaNI (u) suvaNa naq banAvauM tenA alaMkAra vigere banAvavA tathA paheravA vigerenI kaLA (gu). 5. suvaNNajutti (suvarNayukti) :- ghaDIva sone karaNyAcA upAya (bA), ghaDIva sonyAcA zodha va kAma (vai), sonyAcI zuddhI ANi cAcaNI00 (u), rughu navu banAvauM tenA alaMkAra vigere banAvavA tathA paheravA vigerenI kaLA (gu). mAge pAhilyApramANe, hiraNya mhaNaje rupe vA anya maulyavAn dhAtU. suvarNa mhaNaje sone. sone, rupe ANi anya maulyavAn dhAtU asaNArI khanije zodhaNe, tyAtUna dhAtU vegaLA kADhaNe, to zuddha karUna tyAcA, patrA, tAra ityAdi banaviNe, AvazyakatenusAra tyAMnA chidre pADaNe, tyAMcA kasa oLakhaNe, ityAdi kalA. kherIja, yuktI mhaNaje mizraNa asAhI artha Ahe (gIlako), tyAnusAra niranirALyA dhAtUMcyA mizraNAne mizra dhAtU siddha karaNe, asAhI artha hoto (A). 6. cuNNajutti (cUrNa yukti) :- sugaMdha ANi cUrNe (bA), cUrNAcA vApara (vai), pUDa vA cUrNa tayAra karaNe (u) gulAla abIla vigere cUrNa banAvavAnI tathA teno upayoga karavAnI kaLA (gu) :-sugaMdhI taseca auSadhI ANi khANyAsa yogya apa DI) tayAra karaNe (A). 7. vatthuvijjA (vAstuvidyA) :- bAMdhaNIcI vidyA (bA), bAMdhaNIce zAstra (vai), vAstuvidyA (u), ghara, dukAna vigerevAstUzAstranI vidyA (gu).-yethe vatthuvijjA zabdAcI saMskRta chAyA vastuvidyA' azIhI hote ; tyamusAra padArthavijJAnazAstra asA artha hoIla (A). (8-9) cakkavUha (cakravyUha),g2arulavUha-garuDyUha) :- cakra va garuDa yAMcyA AkArApramANe sainyAcI mAMDaNI karaNe. (10) sagaDavUha (zakaTavyUha) :- pAcarIpramANe asaNArI sainyAcI mAMDaNI (u). paNa zakaTAcyA AkArAcI sainyAcI mAMDaNI hA zabdaza: artha Ahe. kAhI vyUhAMcyA mAhitIsAThI manusmRti 7.187-188 varIla kullUka ityAdIMcI spaSTIkaraNe pahAvIta. (11) layAjuddha (latAyuddha) :- zAkhAyuddha 5 (bA), veta-yuddha (vai), cAbakAne kelele yuddha (u), latA vaDe yuddha (gu).-latA yA zabdAce artha cAbUka (ApaTekoza), yaSTi, chaDI (pAsama) ase Aheta. tevhA cAbakAne athavA chaDIne kelelI mArAmArI asA artha hoto. 'so...dAragaM layAe haMtuM payatto' (vasudevahiMDi, pR.75) madhye latA mhaNaje chaDI asA artha Ahe. taseca, samavAyAMgasUtrAta 'daMDajuddha' hA zabda Ahe (A). zI caNe-pa jAnAzapAyajA - 1 (A) nAyA, sama, rAya yA tIna graMthAMtIla samAna kalA (1) aTThijuddha :- hA zabda 'asthiyuddha' asA gheUna, asthiyuddha 6 (bA,vai), hADApAsUna banavalelyA zastrAMnI yuddha (u) ; asthi (athavA) yaSTi vaDe yuddha (gu), ase artha dile jAtAta. aTTi mhaNaje jyAta biyA jhAlelyA nAhIta azI phaLe asAhI artha Ahe (pAsama) maga, azI hiravI kaThiNa phaLe phekUna kelelI mArAmArI asA artha hoIla. aTThijuddha hA zabda 'aTThiya-juddha' asAhI ghetA yeto. maga eke ThikANI sthira na rahAtA (aTTiya=a-sthita) kelele yuddha, asA artha hoto (A). (2) suttakheDa (sUtrakrIDA) :- dhAgyAMzI/sutAMzI kheLa (bA,vai) dorAMzI kheLa (u), sutara (saraLa)78 chedavAnI kaLA (gu)).-sUta vAparUna bharatakAma/kazidA karaNe, lokarIcyA dhAgyAMnI hAtAne viNakAma karaNe, dorIne

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ANi dorIvarUna uDyA mAraNe hA kheLa, tANalelyA dorAvarUna cAlaNe, ubhyA dorAvara hAtAcyA upayogAne caDhaNe ANi utaraNe, dor2yAMnI kaLasUtrI bAhulyAMcA kheLa karaNe, hehI artha hotAta (A). (i) sama, rAya, va aupa yA tinhItIla samAna kalA (1) cakkalakkhaNa (cakralakSaNa) :- mAge lakSaNa' cA artha AlelA Ahe. cakra mhaNaje cAka. he cAka ratha, gADI, kuMbhAra, pavanacakkI ityAdIMce asU zakela. taseca, cakra he phekUna mAraNyAce eka zastrahI hote (A). (2) maNipAga (maNipAka) :- mAge 'pAka' zabdAcA artha yeUna gelA Ahe. tyAlA dharUna, vAToLA padArtha (maNi) tayAra karaNyAsa kAcesArakhI vastU vitaLaviNe asA artha hoIla. maNi mhaNaje ratna, motI, sphaTika, lohacuMka, kAca ityAdIMcA vAToLA padArtha ase artha Aheta (gIlako) ; ANi pAka mhaNaje pakvatA, pakti, pUrNatA asAhI artha Ahe. maga ratnamaNi ityAdIMnA pUrNatA ANaNe asA artha hoIla (A). (3) dhAtupAga (dhAtupAka) :- dhAtU mhaNaje khanija dhAtU (gIlako), zise, jasta he dhAtU (pAsama), ase artha Aheta. khanije va zisAsArakhe dhAtU vitaLaviNe, te zuddha karaNe va tyAMcyA vastU tayAra karaNe asA artha hoto. (A). (I) nAyA, sama, aupa yA tinhItIla samAna kalA (1) khaMdhAvAramANa (skaMdhAvAra-mAna) :- zibirAce mojamApa (bA), sainyanA paDAvanu pramANa vigere (gu).-javaLa pANavaThA ityAdi taseca surakSita jAgA pAhUna, sainyAcyA saMkhyepramANe chAvaNIcI AkhaNI karaNe (A). (3) dona graMthAMta samAna asaNAr2yA kalA sama ANi aupa yA dohoMtIla samAna kalA (1) gaMdhajutti (gaMdhayukti) :- hI vividha prakAracyA sugaMdhI dravyAMcyA rAsAyanika saMyogApAsUna navanavIna sugaMdhI dravya nirmANa karaNyAcI kalA Ahe (pU). gaMdha mhaNaje sugaMdhI padArtha. niranirALI attare, sugaMdhI tele, uTaNI ityAdi tayAra karaNyAcI yukti vA kauzalya (A). (2) cammalakkhaNa (carmalakSaNa) :- lakSaNacA artha mAge AlA Ahe. carma mhaNaje kAtaDe athavA DhAla (A). __ (3)-(5) khaMdhAvAranivesa/khaMdhAvAranivesaNa (skaMdhAvAraniveza/skaMdhAvAranivezana), vatthunivesa/vatthunivesaNa (vastu-vAstu-niveza/nivezana), nagaranivesa/nagaranivesaNa (nagaraniveza/nagaranivezana) :- niveza ANi nivezana he zabda samAnArthI Aheta. niveza mhaNaje vasaviNe, sthApanA. skaMdhAvAra mhaNaje chAvaNI, zibira, vastu mhaNaje ekhAdA padArtha, vAstu mhaNaje imArata ityAdi. nagara mhaNaje zahara. tevhA, ArAkhaDA athavA AkhaNI karUna sainyAsAThI vA pravAzAMsAThI chAvaNI ThokaNe, imAratIMcI bAMdhaNI karaNe, nagara vasaviNe ase artha hotAta. vastu mhaNaje kaTTA, pAra, samAdhi, staMbha yAMsArakhA padArtha bAMdhaNe vA sthApana karaNe (A). (4) ekA graMthAtIla kalA (ka) rAya/rAjamadhIla kalA (1) NiddAiya (NiddAiyA) (nidrAyita) :- nidrA mhaNaje jhopa. have tyAveLesa vATela tyA ThikANI jhopI jANe, jhopa sAvadha ThevaNe, itarAMnA jhopa ANaNe (A). yethe, NiddA/NiddAyA asA dezI zabda mULa ghetalyAsa, tyAcA artha 'viziSTa vedanA' (pAsama) Ahe. maga, svata:madhye athavA itarAMmadhye viziSTa vedanA nirmANa karaNe, asA artha hoIla (A). (2) mANavAra :- yA rAya/rAja graMthAta 'khaMdhavAra mANavAra' ase zabda kramAne yetAta. AtA, khaMdhavAra zabdAlA

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joDUna puDhIla 'mANa' ghetalA, tara nAyA, sama, aupa yAMmadhye asaNAr2yA khaMdhAvAramANapramANe, yethehI khaMdhAvAramANa hI kalA hote. 'mANavAra' madhIla 'mANa' hA 'khaMdhAvAra'lA joDUna ghetalyAvara urato 'vAra' zabda. hA zabda 'cAra' zabdAaivajI lekhakAcA pramAda asAvA. ANi tethe 'cAra' ghetalyAsa, sadhyAcyA rAja / rAyamadhye na yeNArI 'cAra' hI kalA ApoApaca yete (A). mANavAra asA svataMtra zabda pAsamamadhye noMdalelA nAhI. tyAcA nakkI artha kAya asAvA he sAMgatA yeta nAhI. mANa mhaNaje mana. mANa zabdAne cAra prakAracyA mojaNyA sUcita hotAta :- prastha, ityAdi mApAMnI mojaNe (meyamAna), hAta ityAdIMnI mojaNe (deza - mAna), zera ityAdi vajanAMnI mojaNe ( tulAmAna), ANi ghaTiyaMtra ityAdIvarUna kAla mojaNe (kAla-mAna). vAra mhaNaje kuMbha, ghaDA (pAsama). he artha gheUna 'mANavAra'cA artha kAya karAyacA asa prazna paDato. AtA, vAra mhaNaje vAsara ANi mAna mhaNaje kAlamAna ase ghetalyAsa, divasa ityAdi mojaNe asA kAhI tarI artha hoIla (A). tathApi mANavAra hI svataMtra kalA na ghetA, vara sucavilyApramANe khaMdhAvAramANa va cAra ase gheNe yogya vATate (A). (3) juddhajuddha (yuddhayuddha) : - mAge AlelyA 'juddhAjuddha' aivajI juddhajuddha hA lekhaka-pramAda asAvA. ANi tase mAnale nAhI tarI juddhajuddha mhaNaje joradAra yuddha asA artha hoIla (A). 82 (4) khaMdhavAra (skaMdhAvAra) :- hI kalA vaipa ANi upa madhye Ahe. zibirAcI yojanA 2 (vai), chAvaNI ThokaNyAcI yojanA'9 (3) . - sainyAcI chAvaNI, zibira vA taLa AkhaNe va ThokaNe (A). (5) jaNavaya :- hA zabda mAge AlelyA 'jaNavAya' aivajI lekhakadoSa athavA mudraNadoSa asAvA. tase mAnale nAhI tara yA zabdAcA artha asA hoIla :- jaNavaya mhaNaje janapada janapada mhaNaje rASTra, jamAta, grAmINa bhAga, janatA/prajA ase artha Aheta (ApaTe koza ). maga, rASTrAta taseca prajeta kAya cAlale Ahe he jANUna gheNe asA hoIla. kherIja, jaNavaya zabdAcyA jana- vacas, jana - vayas, janavrata, ANi janavraja azAhI saMskRta chAyA hotAta. tyAnusAra lokasamUha kAya bolato ; prajecA AcAra-vicAra kasA Ahe, janatetIla vayogaTa kase Aheta he jANUna gheNe. taseca lokasamUhAvara niyaMtraNa ThevaNe, tyAlA anukUla karUna gheNe, asAhI artha hoto (A). (kha) aupamadhIla kalA (1) saMbhava :- yA zabdAce utpatti, zakyatA, aizvarya, paricaya, tulya pramApatA ityAdi artha Aheta. ( gIlako) tyAtIla 'utpatti' arthAlA dharUna 'prasUtikarma' karaNyAcI kalA asA artha hoIla. 'zakyatA' yA arthAnusAra zakyatA vartaviNe asA artha hoIla (A). (2) muttAkheDa :- yA zabdAcyA saMskRta chAyA mukta-krIDA, muktaka krIDA, mUrta-krIDA, ANi muktAkrIDA azA hoU zakatAta. mukta mhaNaje AnaMdita ( gIlako) maga AnaMdAne / AnaMdAsAThI kelelI krIDA. muktaka mhaNaje phekUna mAraNyAce eka zastra ( gIlako) maga galola, gophaNa ityAdi dvArA phekUna mAraNyAcI krIDA. mUrtakrIDA mhaNaje (cAracaughAta) ughaDapaNe / mokaLepaNAne karAvayAcI krIDA. muktA mhaNaje motI ANi vastravizeSa ( gIlako) maga motyAMcA/motyAMzI kheLa, taseca viziSTa prakAre halavUna vA phiravUna karAvayAcI krIDA (A). muttAkheDa hA zabda 'muddA- kheDa' (mudrAkrIDA) asA asaNyAcI zakyatA Ahe. mudrA mhaNaje hAtAMce/boTAMce viziSTa AkAra kiMvA avasthA, maga tyAdvAre viziSTa sAMketika artha pragaTa karaNyAcI kalA asA artha hoIla (A). (3) khuttAkheDa :- kutta (dezI) mhaNaje kutarA ( pAsama). kutta ce varNAntara khutta (jase - kIlace varNAntara khIla). maga kutryAce kheLa zikaNe, zikavaNe vA karUna dAkhaviNe asA artha hoIla. khutta (dezI) mhaNaje pANyAta buDaNe (pAsama). maga pANyAta buDUna rAhaNyAcA kheLa (A). (yethe khattakheDa ANi khitta-kheDa ase pATha bheda ghetA yetIla. khatta (dezI) mhaNaje khaNaNe ; maga viziSTa prakAracA vA prakArAne khaDDA khaNaNyAcI krIDA (khittakheDDa mhaNaje kSetrakrIDA mhaNaje maidAnI kheLa -A).

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yethe muttAkheDDa ANi khuttAkheDDa he svataMtra zabda kalAsUcaka mAnUna hoNAre artha vara dile Aheta. tathApi he donazabda mhaNaje itara graMthAta ADhaLaNAr2yA 'suttakheDDa' aivajI lekhanadoSa asaNyAcI zakyatA vATate. (ga) samamadhye asaNAr2yA kalA (1) madhusittha (madhusiktha) :- hA zabda pUrNAr2yA madhye pR.786 vara madhusikbha asA mudrita Ahe ; to ughaDa ughaDa mudraNadoSa Ahe. madhusiktha mhaNaje taLahAta, pAya raMgaviNyAsAThI lAgaNArI meMdI tayAra karaNyAcI kalA' Ahe (pU), hA artha 'striyAMcyA pAyAlA lAvaNyAcI meMdI vagaire' yA pAsamane dilelyA arthAlA dharUna Ahe. taseca, mahusittha mhaNaje meNa (pAsama) ; maga meNa va meNAce padArtha tayAra karaNe. kherIja, madhusikthaka mhaNaje eka prakArace viSa (ApaTekoza) maga viSa tayAra karaNyAcI kalA asA artha hoIla (A). __ hA zabda madhu ANi sittha asAhI ghetA yeIla. madhu mhaNaje madha, madya, meNa, sAkhara, ase artha Aheta (gIlako), ANi siktha mhaNaje bhAtAce zIta, ghAsa (gIlako), dhAnyakaNa, dhanuSyAcI dorI (pAsama) ase artha Aheta. tyAnusAra dhanuSyAcyA dorIlA meNAcI puTe caDhaviNe, sAkhara ghAlUna sAkharabhAta karaNe, dhAnyApAsUna madya tayAra karaNe, asehI artha hoU zakatIla (A). (2) miMDhayalakkhaNa :- miMDhaya mhaNaje meMDhA (miMDhaya mhaNaje mer3haka (=zizna) asAhI artha Ahe). (3) caMdalakkhaNa (caMdralakSaNa) :- caMdra mhaNaje AkAzAtIla caMdra, kApUra, pANI, lAla motI, chata, elacI ase artha Aheta (gIlako). ___mAgIla meMDhayalakkhaNa'cyA sAhacaryAne caMdalakkhaNa zabda jhAlA asAvA. puDhIla (4)-(6) madhIla kalAMpramANe yethe caMdacariya' ase asaNyAcI zakyatA vATate. tase ghetalyAsa caMdrAcyA gatIce jJAna asA artha hoIla (A). (4)-(6) sUracariya (sUryacarita) rAhucariya (rAhucarita) gahacariya (grahacarita) :- sUrya, rAhU, va anya maMgaLa, zani ityAdi grahAMcyA gatI ityAdIMce jJAna (A). (7)-(8) sobhAgakara (saubhAgyakara), dobhAgakara (durbhAgyakara) :- bare vAITa ghaDavUna ANaNAr2yA zaMkha, ratne ityAdi viziSTa vastUMce jJAna kiMvA maMtra taMtrAce jJAna (A). (9) vijjAgaya (vidyAgata) :- bahAttara kalAMcyA yAdIta yeNAr2yA dhanurvidyA ityAdi soDUna, uralelyA karapallavI vidyA, yogavidyA ityAdIMce jJAna asA artha hoIla (A) yethe vijjAgama zabdAcI 'vaidyagata' azI saMskRta chAyA gheUna vaidyApramANe auSadhAMce jJAna asA artha hoIla (A). (10) maMtagaya (maMtragata) :- bahAttara kalAMmadhIla kAhIMmadhye maMtrAce jJAna apekSita Ahe. te soDUna gArUDamaMtra, vazIkaraNamaMtra, ityAdi maMtrAMce jJAna asA artha hoIla (A). (11) rahassagaya (rahasyagata) :- rahasya mhaNaje gupta, jhAkalelI goSTa. tevhA, Apale va dusar2yAce rahasya gupta ThevaNe, dusar2yAMcI rahasye jANUna gheNe, jhAkalelyA goSTI oLakhaNe, gupta goSTIMcA artha lAvaNe, gupta kiMvAsAMketika goSTI tayAra karaNe va itarAMcyA oLakhaNe, ase artha hotIla (A). (12) sabhAsA :- yA zabdAcyA saMskRta chAyA samabhAsada, sabhASyaka, ANi svabhASA azA hoU zakatAta. maga tyAMce artha ase :- sabhetIla sadasya yA nAtyAne kAhI goSTI gupta ThevaNe, viziSTa niyama pALaNe, niyamAnusara bhASaNa karaNe, ityAdIMce jJAna. spaSTIkaraNAtmaka bhASyagraMthAMsaha nivaDalelyA mUlabhUta pustakAMce adhyayana karaNe. sva ce sarvAMgINa jJAna karUna gheNe ; mhaNaje ApalyA bhASece upabhASAMsaha tatsadRza anya bhASAMce jJAna asaNe. udA. prAkRtace jJAna mhaNaje saMskRtasaha prAkRta mhaNUna prasiddha asaNAr2yA bhASAMce jJAna hoya (A). (13) vatthumANa (vastumAna, vAstumAna) :- vastumAna mhaNaje vastUce mojamApa. vAstumAna mhaNaje vAstuvidyA athavA siddha asaNAr2yA vAstUMce mojamApa kADhatA yeNe (A). (14) daMDajuddha (daNDayuddha) :- chaDI, daMDukA, kAThI, soTA, gadA azAsArakhyA vastUMnI kelelI hANAmArI

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(A). (15)-(16) AsasikkhA (azvazikSA), hatthisikkhA (hastizikSA) :- ghoDe va hattI yAMnA nAnAprakArace prazikSaNa deNe (A). (17) dhammakheDa (dharmakrIDA) :- dharma yA zabdAlA saMskRtamadhye aneka artha Aheta. tyAMmadhye dhanuSya asA eka artha Ahe (gIlako). to ghetalyAsa dhanuSyakrIDA asA artha hoIla. paNa samamadhye mAge dhaNuvveya, isattha yA kala AlelyA Aheta. tyAmuLe hA artha yethe yogya vATata nAhIta. tevhA dharma mhaNaje varavarace, dAMbhika dharmAcaraNa asA artha ghetA yeIla. manusmRti 7.154 madhye rAjAcyA pAca prakAracyA guptaherAMcA nirdeza yeto. tyAta khoTekhoTe dharmAcaraNa karaNArA 'tApasa' hera Ahe. to yethe abhipreta asAvA (A). zakyatA azI vATate kI yethe dharmakrIDA asA zabda nasUma gharmakrIDA asA zabda asAvA. AtA dharma mhaNaje unhALA, uSNatA, ghAma, kaDhaI ase artha Aheta (gIlako). maga kaDhaI vAparUna kheLaNyAcA kheLa, unhALyAta kheLAvayAce kheLa, unhAta kheLAvayAce kheLa, ghAma phoDaNAre kheLa, ase artha hoU zakatIla (A). (18) cammakheDa (carmakrIDA) :- carma mhaNaje cAmaDe, DhAla.86 jyAta kAtaDe agara DhAla vAparale jAte ase DhAla-taravAra, vetacarma, ityAdi kheLa asA artha hoIla (A). anya kalAMzI tulanA ___yA lekhAcyA prAraMbhI kuvalayamAlA graMthAtIla taseca hiMdu ANi bauddha kalA yAMcA ullekha kelA hotA. tyA kalAMzI jainAgamagraMthAtIla kalAMcI tulanA AtA saMkSepAne kelI Ahe. kuvalayamAlAtIla va jainAgamAtIla kalA kuvalayamAlA va jainAgama yAMmadhye puDhIla 8 kalA samAna Aheta : (1) gaNiya (2) gaMdhajutti (3) gayalakkhaNa (hatthINaM lakkhaNaM) (4) jUya (5) dhaNuvveya (6) naTTa (7) pattacchejja, ANi (8) hayalakkhaNa (turayANaM lakkhaNaM). kherIja gIya ANi gaMdhavva, vatthavihi ANi vatthakamma, ANi sayaNavihi ANi sayanasaMvihANa yA tIna kalAMtahI sAmya disate. hiMdu ANi bauddhakalA va jainakalA (1) hiMdu, bauddha ANi jaina graMthAMta sApaDaNAr2yA kalAMmadhye, yA tighAMnA samAna azA pAca kalA puDhIlapramANe Aheta :- (1) gaMdhajutti (2) gIya (3) naTTa (4) pattacchejja (5) vAiya. (2) hiMdukalA va jainakalA yAMta samAna puDhIla pAca kalA Aheta :-(1) juddha (2) jUya (3) paheliyA (4) vatthuvijjA (5) suttakheDa.. kherIja AbharaNavihi ANi bhUSaNayojana, sayaNavihi ANi zayanaracanA, nAliyAkheDa (hAtacalAkhI) va hastalAghava, yA tIna hiMdU va jainakalAMta sAmya disate. (3) bauddha ANi jainakalAMta samAna asaNAr2yA dahA kalA puDhIlapramANe Aheta :- (1) itthilakkhaNa (2) Isattha (3) gayalakkhaNa (4) goNalakkhaNa (5) dhaNuvveya (6) purisalakkhaNa (7) miMDhayalakkhaNa (ajalakSaNa) (8) rUpa (9) sauNaruyaM (zakuniruta), ANi (10) hayalakkhaNa (azvalakSaNa). kherIja jUya ANi akSakrIDA, aTThAvaya (arthazAstra) ANi arthavidyA yA dona bauddha ANi jainakalAMta sAdharmya Ahe.

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samAropa jainAgamAtIla vara ullekhilelyA kalA mAnavAcyA vaiyaktika, kauTuMbika, sAmAjika, ANi rAjakIya jIvanAzI kamIjAsta pramANAta saMbaMdhita asalyAne tyAvarUna tatkAlIna sAmAjika jIvanAcI thoDIphAra kalpanA yeU zakate. TIpA 1. bhAsaMko, khaMDa 2, prathamAvRttI, puNe 1964, pR.161-162 ; zrImadbhAgavata, bhAga 7, pra. yaMde muMbaI, 1928, zevaTace pRSTha ; lokaprabhA sAptAhika, muMbaI, 27 novheMbara, 1977, pR.44 2. lalitavistara, saM.DaoN.pa.la.vaidya, darabhaMgA 1958, pR.108 3. yA kalAMcyA sUcI sthalAbhAvI dilyA nAhIta. 4. bhAsaMko, khaMDa 2, prathamasavRttI, puNe 1964 5. abhayadeva, samavAyAMgasUtra mudrita pothI, pR.83a-83ba 6. hI kalA rAja/rAya pothyAMta nAhI paNa vaipa ANi upa yAMta Ahe. 7. hI kalA dorA madhye nAhI. 8. 'cAra' hI kalA rAja/rAya madhye nAhI. 9. juddhAijuddha hA sama cyA mudrita pothIta mudraNadoSa Ahe. 10. cakkalakkhaNa hI kalA vaipamadhye nAhI. 11. nivesa ANi nivesaNa yA dona zabdAMcyA arthAMta pharaka nasalyAne, yA zabdAMnI bodhita hoNArI kalA ekaca Ahe. 12. lekhanaM akSaravinyAsaH / salekhaH dvidhA lipibhedAt... tathAvidhavicitra-upAdhi-bhedataH vA patra-valka-kASTha danta-loha-tAmra-rajatAdayo akSarANAM AdhAraH / viSayApekSayA api anekadhA svAmibhRtya-pitR-putragurUziSya-bhAryA-pati-zatru-mitrAdInAM lekhaviSayANAM api anekatvAt / abhayadeva 13. Impersonation, painting, art of coinage or money changing art of changing appearances. 14. lepya-zilA-suvarNa-maNi vastra, cittAdiSu rUpanirmANam abhayadeva. 84. Instrumental music, making music with instruments or playing upon musical instruments. 16. Vocal music, making music with voice. 17. Making music with the drum, playing upon drums. 18. Music of cymbals, making music with cymbals, regulating musical time. 19. nRtya, gIta, vAdya, svaragata, puSkaragata, samatAla yA sarva kalAMcA viSaya saMgIta Ahe. (pU, pR.786) 20. Popular conversation, public oratory. 21. Play of the eight-square board, play ofeight squares, board of chase, a dice-board having eight squares. DaoN. vaidyAMcyA bhASAMtarAtIla chase hI cUka asUna, to zabda chess asA havA. 22. dyUta, janavAda, pokkhacca va aSTApada hyA kalA dyUtakrIDece prakAra hota (pU, pR.786). yethe ullekhilelI pokkhacca hI kalA pR.785 varIla kalAMcyA yAdIta dilelI nAhI he lakSAta ghyAve. taseca, jaNavAya ANi pokkhacca yAMnA dyUtakrIDece prakAra' mAnatA yeIla kA he zaMkAspada Ahe. 23. City police, duties of city police (?), duty of protecting a city, police duties. 24. Mixing of water with clay, testing the qualities of water and soil. 25. Rules of food, rules of taking or preparing food. 26. Rules of drink, rules about drinking or using water.

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27. annavidhI va pAnavidhI hyA niranirALyA prakArAMce khAdya, svAdya, lehya va peya padArtha tayAra karaNyAcyA kalA __ Aheta (pU, pR.786). 28. Rules of dress,art of sewing, washing and putting on clothes. 29. Rules of bed, art of making and using a bed. 30. Arya verses, composition in arya metre. 31. Riddling ; composition of riddles, making and solving riddles. 32. Magadhi composition, composition of magadhi, knowledge of magadhi language or of the history of magadha country. 33. Gatha composition, composition of gatha, composing poetry in gatha metre. 38. Slolka-making, composition of verses, composing verses in general or verses in anushtup metre. 35. AryA, prahelikA, mAgadhikA, gAthA va zloka yA yAca nAvAcyA chaMdAMviSayI va kAvyarItIsaMbaMdhI racanAviSayaka kalA Aheta (pU, pR.786). 36. Rules of ornament, making and putting on ornaments. 37. Attiring of damsels, attiring of young maids, adorning young women. 38. AbharaNavidhI va taruNI pratikarma hyA AbhUSaNe, alaMkAra va taruNIcyA aMtaraMgAMsaMbaMdhIcyA kalA Aheta (pU, pR.786). yethe 'aMtaraMgAsaMbaMdhIcyA' hA zabda 'alaMkArAsaMbaMdhIcyA' yA zabdAaivajI mudraNa doSa asAvA ase vATate. 39. Points, marks and signs; characteristics, qualities. 40. Stick, club or mace used as weapon. 41. strIlakSaNa te carmalakSaNa paryaMtacyA 14 kalA strI, puruSa, va itara vastU yAMcI zubhAzubha lakSaNe jANaNyAsAThI va __ tyAMcyAtIla guNadoSa oLakhaNyAsAThI upayogI paDatAta (pU, pR.786). 42. Measurement of cities, planning of cities, townplanning 83. Column, flying column, marshalling an army. 88. Counter-column, flying counter-column, arranging the army against an army. 84. Flying column, columns of army, estimating the strength of an army. 46. Flying counter-column, counter-columns, art of arranging an army. 47. cAra, praticAra, vyUha va prativyUha yA cAra saMgrAmavidyA Aheta. AghADIvara phaujecA moharA badalaNe, zatru sainyAcA hallA niSphaLa karaNyAsAThI upayukta azI ApalyA sainyAcI racanA badalaNe, cakravyUha paddhatIne sainyaracanA karaNe, va zatrusainyAcI vyUharacanA phoDaNyAsAThI vyavasthA karaNe ityAdi kalAMcA yAta samAveza hoto (pU, pR.786). 48. Fighting. 49. Heavy fighting, close fight, personal struggle. 50. Supreme fighting, fierce fighting. 51. yuddha, niryuddha va juddAijuddha he yuddhakalece prakAra hota (pU, pR.787) yethe juddAijuddha hA juddhAijuddha aivajI mudraNadakSe Ahe. pUrNArghya puDhe sAMgato :- azvazikSA te muSTiyuddha kalA hotyA (pR.787). 52. Wrestling, hand to hand fight. 43. Arrow-shooting, arrow-throwing, science of archery. 48. Wielding the sword, fencing. 55. Lore of the bow, science of archery, the work (veda) on the science of archery.

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56. Isattha, charuNyavAya :- surI, kaTyAra, khaDga ityAdi nirmitIcyAhI kalA asata (pU, pR.787) yethe charuNyavAya hA mudraNadoSa Ahe. 57. Casting of unwrought gold, melting silver. 58. Casting of wrought gold, melting gold. 59. Play with cells, play with pebbles, play with balls. 60. Play with lotus-stalks, cutting of lotuses, playing on a wind-instrument made of or having the shape of a lotus-stalk, or a kind of gambling. 61. Engraving leaves, drawing leaf-like figures, piercing leaves of trees with an arrow. 62. Engraving bracelets, drawing circular figures, discharging an arrow through a bracelet. 63. padmacchedya va kaTakacchedya :- pAne va gavata yAMcA cheda karUna tyApAsUna suMdara vastU banaviNyAsaMbaMdhIcyA yA kalA hotyA (pU, pR.787) yethe patracchedya aivajI padmacchedya hA mudraNadoSa Ahe. 64. Giving, life, knowledge of charms to revive dead persons. 65. Taking life, taking away life, art of making metals (such as gold) fit to be used as medicines. 66. Birds cries, cries of birds, art of recognising the notes of different birds. 67. Rules of scented paste, art of anointing 68. Ballad-making, compositions of lyrics or ballada, composing songs or poetry of giti metre. 69. Means of preparing unwrought gold, metallurgy of unwrought gold, testing silver or any precious metal. 70. Means of preparing wrought gold, metallurgy of wrought gold, testing and purifying gold. 71. yethe gujarAtI bhASAMtarAta hiraNyasAThI suvarNa ANi suvarNasAThI 'rupu' ase zabda vAparale Aheta. paNa mAgIlapramANe yethehI hiraNyAsAThI rupu ANi suvarNasAThI suvarNa ase zabda vAparAvayAsa have hote. 72. Perfumes and powders, use of powders, preparing powders. 73. Lore of building, science of building, art of architecture. 74. A form of military array resembling a wedge. 75. Branch-fighting, cane-fighting, fighting with a whip. 76. Bone-fighting, fighting with weapons made of bones. 77. Play with threads, play with ropes. 78. sUtrakrIDA, vRttakrIDA, dharmakrIDA va carmakrIDA he krIDAprakAra hota (pU, pR.787). 79. Measurement of camps. 80. skaMdhAvAramAna te nagaraniveza hyA sahA kalAMta sainyAcA taLa ubhAraNe, tyAsAThI yogya bhUmI, (va) killA ityAdIsaThi bhUmI nizcita karaNe ityAdIMcA samAveza hoto (pU, pR.787). 81. yuktireSA tu kauzalam / raviSeNakRta padmapurANa, khaMDa 1, pR.48. 82. Planning of camps, planning of encampments. 83. caMdralakSaNa te grahacarita yA cAra kalA jyotiSazAstrAsaMbaMdhIcyA Aheta (pU, pR.786). 84. saubhAgyakara te maMtragata yA cAra kalA maMtrataMtraviSayaka Aheta (pU, pR.786). 85. AsasikkhA te muSTiyuddha kalA hotyA (pU, pR.787). 86. dharmakrIDA va carmakrIDA he krIDAprakAra hota (pU, pR.787). 87. prastuta lekhAcA vistAra vADhela yA bhItIne yA viSayAcI carcA yethe kelelI nAhI.

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graMthasUcI 1. aupapAtikasUtra, abhayadevasUrikRta vRttisaha (mudritapothI), prakAzaka-bhurAlAla kAlidAsa, dvitIya AvRttI, surata, vi.saM. 1994 2. aupapAtikasUtra, saMpAdaka - en. jI. surU, puNe 1931 3. kuvalayamAlA, (udyotanakRta) saM . e. en. upAdhye, muMbaI 1959 4. gIrvANalaghukoza, saMpAdaka - ja. vi. oka, puNe, zake 1837 5. jJAtAdharmakathAMgasUtra, prathama vibhAga, (mudrita pothI), gujarAtI bhASAMtarAsaha, bhAvanagara, 6. nAyAdhammakahAo, saMpAdaka - en. vhI. vaidya, puNe 1940 7. paesikahANaya, saMpAdaka - DaoN.pa.la. vaidya, puNe 1934 8. paesikahANaya, saMpAdaka - e. TI. upAdhye, beLagAva, 1936 9. padmapurANa (raviSeNakRta), prathamabhAga, saMpAdaka - pannAlAla jaina, kAzI, 1958 10. pAidyasaddamahaNNava, saMpAdaka-seTha, kalakattA, saMvat 1985 11. pUrNArghya, saMpAdaka-sumatibAI zahA, solApUra, vIranirvANa saMvat 2504 12. rAjapraznIya, malayagirikRta vRttisaha, (mudrita pothI), ahamadAbAda, (prakAzana varSa dile nAhI). 13. rAyapaseNaiyasUtra, saMpAdaka- dozI, mudrita pothI, ahamadAbAda, vi.saM. 1994 14. lalitavistara, saMpAdaka - DaoN.pa.la. vaidya, darabhaMgA, 1958 15. vasudevahiMDi (saMghadAsakRta), prathama khaMDa, bhAvanagara, 1931 16. samavAyAMgasUtra, abhayadevasUrikRta vivaraNAsaha, (mudrita pothI) (prakAzanasthaLa va varSa deNAre pAna upalabdha pothIta phATale hote). 17. saMskRta-iMgliza-koza, saMpAdaka - vhI. es. ApaTe, dillI 1959 la la la a au ApaTekoza u upa aupa gu jJAnA nAyA pa pAsama pU bA rAja rAya saMkSepa abhayadeva, samavAyAMgasUtrAvarIla vRttI * abhayadevakRta vRttisaha aupapAtikasUtra ApaTe ke.vA. ApaTe vhI.es. saMpAdita saMskRta-iMgliza-koza upAdhye e.TI. upAdhye e.TI. saMpAdita paesikahANaya * aupapAtikasUtra - gujarAtI bhASAMtara, jJAnAdharmakathAMgasUtrAce - jJAnAdharmakathAMgasUtra nAyAdhammakahAo - * paesikahANaya vi.saM. 1985 - pAiya-sadda - mahaNNava - pUrNArdhya bArneTa - rAjapraznIya - rAyapaseNaiyasutta

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- vaidya pa.la. - vaidya pa.la. saMpAdita paesikahANaya - samavAyAMgasUtra - suru-saMpAdita aupapAtikasUtra sama suau **********