Australia Parichaya Pustika

Author(s): Ramanlal C Shah
Publisher: Parichay Trust Mumbai
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/002044/1

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paricaya pustikA pravRtti - 92 6 oNsTreliyA ramaNalAla cI. zAha 2. 6.00

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jJAnanI parabanAM cALIsa varSa vIsamI sadInI sahuthI mahattvanI ane noMdhapAtra ghaTanA eTale jJAna ane mAhitInA kSetre abhUtapUrva vikAsa. vikasatA jagata sAthe kadama meLavavA mATe, samayanI sAthe rahevA mATe ApaNe ghaNuMbadhuM vAMcavuM paDe, ghaNuMbadhuM jANavuM paDe. A vAta ApaNe samajIe chIe. paNa e mATeno samaya kyAM che? samaya kadAca hoya topaNa rasanA viSayane saraLa ane rasaprada zailImAM samajAve tevAM sAdhano kyAM che ? paricaya pustikA AvAM sAdhanomAMnuM eka madadarUpa thAya tevuM AdhArabhUta prakAzana che. paricaya pustikAomAM jJAna-vijJAnanAM aneka kSetronI jANavA jevI pAyAnI mAhitI tAravIne te te viSayanA niSNAto dvArA saraLa bhASAmAM rajU karavAmAM Ave che. sAmAnya jJAnanI spardhA hoya ke vijhano kAryakrama, vastRtvanI harIphAI hoya ke koI cokkasa viSayanI pAyAnI mAhitInI jarUra paDe tyAre paricaya pustikAo eka upayogI sAdhana banI rahe che. Aja sudhImAM pragaTa thayelI 926 paricaya pustikAomAM vAcaka zodhato hoya tevI koI ne koI mAhitI ene maLI rahe tevI pUrI zakyatA che. dara varSe pragaTa thatI 24 pustikAo zALAkaoNlejanA vidyArthIo, zikSako tema ja navuM navuM jANavA utsuka tamAma nAgarikonI jijJAsA saMtoSatI jJAnanI paraba tarIke gujarAtI samAje AvakArI che. mA

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paricaya pustikA pravRtti Adya saMpAdako : vADIlAla DagalI yazavaMta dozI oNsTreliyA ramaNalAla cI. zAha saMpAdaka : candrakAnta zAha paricaya TrasTa, muMbaI

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Shah, Ramanlal C. Australia: Countries Parichay Trust, Mumbai 2000 prathama AvRtti : 1997 bIjI AvRtti : 2000 ramaNalAla cI. zAha mudrakaH jitendra ThAkorabhAI desAI navajIvana mudraNAlaya, amadAvAda-380014 prakAzaka : paricaya TrasTa mahAtmA gAMdhI memaoNriyala bilDiMga, netAjI subhASa roDa, carnI roDa, muMbaI-400002 Teliphona : 2814059 mukhya vikretA : navajIvana TrasTa, po. navajIvana, amadAvAda-380014 Teliphona : 7540635 zAkhA : 130, zAmaLadAsa gAMdhI mArga, muMbaI-400 002 Teliphona : : 2019756 rU. 6.00

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oNsTreliyA I. sa. 1977nA DisembaramAM oNsTreliyAnA siDanI zaheramAM pI.I.ena.nI AMtararASTrIya koMgresamAM bhAga levAnuM thayuM te vakhate oNsTreliyAnAM ghaNAM badhAM sthaLono pravAsa karavAno suMdara avasara mane sAMpaDyo hato. vaLI, 1999nA sapTembaramAM bIjI vAra pravAsanI evI taka sAMpaDI hatI. eTale oNsTreliyA vize mane haMmezAM vadhu rasa rahyA karyo che. duniyAnA bIjA dezo karatAM oNsTreliyAnI eka judI 7 chApa rasika pravAsIonA citta para paDe che. atyaMta vizALa pradeza, pAMkhI vasati, bAre mAsa sarasa AbohavA, samRddha jIvana, pUrva tathA pazcimanI saMskRtino samanvaya, zikSaNanI UMcI TakAvArI, lokono milanasAra svabhAva ityAdine kAraNe duniyAnA lagabhaga savAso jeTalA dezomAM oNsTreliyAnuM sthAna pahelA paMdaramAM Ave che. oNsTreliyA eTale TApu-khaMDa (AilaeNnDa kaoNnTinanTa). khaMDa tarIke te duniyAno nAnAmAM nAno khaMDa che ane TApu tarIke te duniyAno moTAmAM moTo TApu che. A TApuno samudrakinAro bIjA nAnAmoTA enA TApuo sahita Azare chatrIsa hajAra kilomiTara jeTalo che. eziyA, yuropa, AphrikA ane amerikA - e cAre khaMDamAM, pratyekamAM ghaNA badhA dezo che. oNsTreliyA pote eka ja deza che. e rIte oNsTreliyA eka khaMDaeka deza(vana kaoNnTinanTa vana nezana)nI viziSTatA paNa dharAve che. enI uttare AvelA mahAsAgaranA chIcharA pANImAM paravALAnA khaDakonI lAMbI hAramALA (dha greTa baeNriyara rIpha) duniyAnI eka - ra

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paricaya pustikA pravRtti ajAyabI jevI gaNAya che. e jovA mATe ja pravAsIo khAsa AvatA hoya che. bhaugolika daSTie osTreliyAnI gaNanA duniyAnA chaThThA vizALa deza tarIke thAya che. te pUrvathI pazcima cheDA sudhI Azare cAra hajAra kilomiTara jeTalo lAMbo ane uttarathI dakSiNa cheDA sudhI Azare traNa hajAra baso kilomiTara jeTalo pahoLo che. osTreliyAnuM kSetraphaLa Azare 76,82,300 corasa kilomiTara jeTaluM che. bhUstarazAstranI daSTie oNsTreliyAnI dharatInuM sapATa stara bahu prAcIna manAya che. kAMgAru, pleTipasa jevAM prAgaitihAsika kALanAM prANIo oNsTreliyAmAM jovA maLe che. oNsTreliyA bhArata karatAM lagabhaga traNagaNo moTo deza hovA chatAM enI vasati be karoDa jeTalI paNa nathI. loko mukhyatve samudrakinArAnAM chasAta moTAM zaheromAM vaselA che. oNsTreliyAnA madhya bhAgamAM to moTAM moTAM raNano nirjana pradeza che. osTreliyAnI nadIo pramANamAM nAnI ane chIcharI che eTale tyAM jalamArgano khAsa vikAsa thayo nathI. sAMskRtika dRSTie vicArIe to oNsTreliyAnI gaNanA duniyAnA arvAcIna dezomAM thaI zake. oNsTreliyAno ItihAsa aDhI saikA jeTalo jUno paNa nathI. oNsTreliyAno hAlano vasavATa eTale videzIono vasavATa. * oNsTreliyAnI zodha oNsTreliyAnI zodhano itihAsa rasika che. IsavIsananA paMdaramAM saikAmAM yuropa ke eziyAnA lokone khabara nahotI ke pesiphika mahAsAgaramAM A moTo TApu Avelo che. tyAre iMglenDa, holenDa, beljiyama, phrAnsa, spena, porTugala vagere dezanA dariyAkheDuoe AphrikA khaMDane zodhyA pachI eziyAnA dezo tarapha AgaLa vadhavA lAgyA

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oNsTreliyA hatA. teoe eziyAnA kinAre kinAre jeTalI zodha karI hatI teTalI mahAsAgaranI madhyamAM karI nahotI. paMdaramA-soLamA saikAmAM teo hindustAna tarapha AvavA vadhu utsuka hatA, kAraNa ke hindustAnanI eka samRddha deza tarIke tyAre gaNanA thatI hatI. e yugamAM dariyAkheDuo pAsethI ahevAla meLavIne bhUgoLazAstrIo duniyAnA pote taiyAra karelA nakazAmAM navA navA pradezo umeratA jatA hatA. tyAre teo evA anumAna para AvyA hatA ke pRthvInA uttara goLArdhamAM jamInano je vistAra che ene samatola rAkhavA mATe pesiphika mahAsAgaramAM koI moTo bhUkhaMDa hovo joIe. oNsTreliyAnI zodha karanAra tarIke ke tyAM pahoMcanAra tarIke nahIM, paNa e dizAmAM janAra tarIke yuropanA pravAsIomAM sau prathama mAka polone yAda karavAmAM Ave che. teramA saikAmAM e TheTha cIna sudhI jamInamArge pahoMcyo hato ane pAchA pharatAM eNe potAnI pravAsapothImAM noMdhyuM hatuM ke, sumAtrAnI dakSiNe AvelA mahAsAgaramAM vizALa Tapu hovAnI zakyatA jaNAya che. paMdaramA saikA sudhImAM spena ane porTugalanA zodha-sakarIo dariyAI mArge eziyAnA kinAre AgaLa vadhatA vadhatA TheTha cIna sudhI pahoMcI gayA hatA, paraMtu teo paeNsiphika mahAsAgaranI madhyamAM ghUmyA nahotA. tyAra pachI Daca sAhasika paeNsiphikamAM jAvA(InDoneziyA)nA TApuo sudhI pahoMcyA ane enA upara teoe potAnuM Adhipatya jamAvyuM. tyAMthI pachI AgaLa vadhatAM, soLamA saikAnA aMta sudhImAM teoe nyU ginI TApu zodhI kADhyo. paraMtu tyAre teone khabara nahotI ke enI dakSiNa dizAmAM thaDa Aghe eka vizALa TApu Avelo che. sattaramA saikAmAM vilema jonsa nAmano eka Daca sAhasika jAvAthI nIkaLyo hato to nyU ginI javA, paNa pahoMcI gayo oNsTreliyAne

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E paricaya pustikA pravRtti kinAre, te evA ja bhramamAM hato ke pote nyU ginInA bIjA koI TApu para pahoMcI gayo che. I. sa. 1606mAM spenanA rAjAe Di kvirosa (De Quiros) nAmanA zodha-sapharIne potAnA mANaso laIne vahANamAM AgaLa zodha karavA mokalyo. jAvAthI AgaLa vadho te oNsTreliyAnA kinAre pahoMcyo. ene khyAla AvI gayo ke paeNsiphikamAM A eka vizALa TApu che. A TApunuM nAma potAnA rAjAnA nAma parathI rAkhavAnI ene icchA thaI. rAjA trIjA philipa hatA. paraMtu e nAma rAkhavAmAM gUMcavADo thavAno saMbhava hato. rAjA mULa to yuropanA oNsTriyA nAmanA dezanA kuMvara hatA eTale Di kvirose A TApunuM nAma rAkhyuM, 'oNsTriyA liyA desa espiritu sAnto'. paraMtu ATaluM lAMbuM nAma koNa yAda rAkhe ? eTale enuM TUMkuM nAma thayuM 'oNsTriyA liyA'. paraMtu vakhata jatAM te 'oNsTriliyA', 'oNsTreliyA' tarIke bolAvA lAgyuM. Di virose je kinAro zodhyo te oNsTreliyAno pUrva kinAro hato. paraMtu e ja arasAmAM nyU ginI javA nIkaLelA Daca vahANavaTIo dariyAmAM thayelA pavananA tophAnane kAraNe ghasaDAtA ghasaDAtA oNsTreliyAnA pazcima kinAre pahoMcyA. tophAna naDyuM, paNa eka navo TApu zodhyAno teone AnaMda thayo. teoe A TApune potAnA vatananI yAdamAM 'nyU holaeNnDa' evuM nAma ApyuM. A rIte A navA zodhAyelA TApu mATe 'oNsTreliyA' ane 'nyU holaeNnDa' evAM be nAma pracalita thaI gayAM ane ogaNIsamA saikAnA aMta sudhI e rIte e baMne nAma cAlu rahyAM. oNsTreliyAnI zodha thayA pachI sattaramA saikAmAM sAhasika dariyAkheDuonI avarajavara e dizAmAM vadhI gaI. pUrva ane pazcima kinAro zodhAyA pachI viliyama Dempiyare uttaranA kinArAnI zodha karI

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oNsTreliyA ane I. sa. 1770mAM briTiza naukAdaLanA eka kepTana jemsa kUke dakSiNa kinArAnI zodha karI ane tyAMthI te uttara kinArA sudhI pahoMcyo. eNe e pradezane nyU sAutha velsa tarIke oLakhAvyo. TAsmAna nAmanA eka sapharIe oNsTreliyAnI dakSiNe eka judo TApu zodhI kADhyo ane enuM nAma 'TAsmAniyA' rAkhyuM. Ama lagabhaga be saikAmAM osTreliyAnI zodha pUrI thaI. oNsTreliyA dakSiNa goLArdhamAM dakSiNa dizAmAM Avelo deza che. khalAsIo rAtane vakhate AkAzanAM nakSatra ane tArAone AdhAre dizA nakkI karI vahANa haMkAratA. dakSiNa dizAmAM southern Cross nAmanA tArA che (ene ApaNe jayavijaya tarIke, svastika nakSatra tarIke oLakhIe chIe). eTale khalAsIo Rhizzlee Hic The Land of Southern Cross R 4171 prayojatA. e nAma paNa pracalita thayuM hatuM. oNsTreliyAnA rASTradhvajamAM svastika nakSatra che. vasavATa spena, porTugala, holenDa vagere dezonA sAgara-sarIo osTreliyA zodhI AvyA, paraMtu jyAM pahoMcatAM AThadasa mahinA lAge evA dUranA dezamAM saMsthAna sthApI Adhipatya jamAvavAmAM teone rasa paDyo nahIM. iMglenDe e mATe buddhi doDAvI. Ama to oNsTreliyA jaIne kayo aMgreja ravAno hato ? paraMtu je kedIone dezanikAlanI sajA thaI che e kedIona to jyAM laI javAmAM Ave, tyAM javuM paDe, teone jo ghaNe dUra sudhI kAyama mATe mokalI devAmAM Ave to tyAMthI bhAgIne teo IMglenDa pAchA phare nahIM. eTale 700 jeTalA kedIone tyAM mokalavAnI yojanA thaI. temane laI javA, tyAM vasAvavA ane dekhabhALa rAkhavA thoDA karmacArIo joIe. enI paNa jogavAI thaI. ema karatAM

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paricaya pustikA pravRtti agiyAra jeTalAM vahANomAM temane mokalavAnuM nakkI thayuM. e kAphalAnA saradAra tarIke naukA khAtAnA kepTana Arthara philipanI nimaNUka thaI. emane nyU sAutha velsanA gavarnara banAvavAmAM AvyA. Avo UMco hoddo maLatAM teo tyAM javA lalacAyA. I. sa. 1787nA me mahinAnI 13mI tArIkhe iMglenDathI A vahANo UpaDyAM ane 1788nA jAnyuArInI 18mIe te oNsTreliyAnA boTanI upasAgaramAM AvI pahoMcyAM. paraMtu nakkI kareluM e sthaLa salAmatInI daSTie ane gunegAronA vasavATa mATe Arthara philipane yogya na lAgyuM. teo tyAMthI AgaLa vadhI porTa jekasanamAM 26mI jAnyuArIe AvI pahoMcyA. TekarIovALI A jagyA gunegAro para najara rAkhavAnI daSTie anukULa hatI. eTale gunegArone tyAM utAravAmAM AvyA. tana chUTA mUkI devAmAM AvyA ane jemane jyAM jhUMpaDuM ke taMbU bAMdhIna ravuiM hoya tyAM rahevAnI chUTa ApI. Ama, 26mI jAnyuArI 1788nA divase 700thI adhika aMgrejoe tyAM pahelI rAta gujArI ane vasavATa cAlu karyo. eTalA mATe 26mI jAnyuArI 'oNsTreliyana dina tarIke Aja divasa sudhI manAvavAmAM Ave che. Arthara philipe potAnI A vasAhatanuM nAma porTa jekasana badalIne 'elbiyana' rAkhyuM, paraMtu pachIthI emaNe potAnA umarAva (vAIkAunTa) sara siDanInA nAma parathI 'siDanI kova' rAkhyuM, je pachIthI mAtra siDanI tarIke ja pracalita thaI gayuM. Arthara philipe gunegArone sArI rIte vasAvyA eTale iMglenDano utsAha vadhI gayo. pachI to dezanikAlanI sajA pAmelA kedIone oNsTreliyA mokalavAnuM saheluM thaI gayuM. ema karatAM karatAM krame krame eka lAkha trIsa hajAra kedIone osTreliyA mokalavAmAM AvyA. A gunegAromAM pachIthI strI gunegArone paNa mokalavAmAM AvI paraMtu strI For Private &

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oNsTreliyA kedIo soLa TakA jeTalI hatI. teone tyAM paraNavAnI chUTa hatI. - ochI strIone lIdhe tyAM gunAonI ane bIjI samasyAo UbhI thaI. eTale puruSa-ravInuM samatolapaNuM jALavavA mATe anAthAzramonI garIba chokarIone tathA kArakhAnAMomAM kAma karatI madhyama varganI apariNIta mahilAone tyAM mokalavAnI AkarSaka yojanAo thaI. A rIte mahilAonuM pramANa vadhatAM samatolapaNuM jALavavAnI samasyA haLavI thavA lAgI. oNsTreliyAmAM mahilAo AvatAM, temanAM lagna thatAM, navI saMtati pedA thatAM vasati thoDI vadhavA lAgI, paNa ekaMdare A loko gunAhita mAnasavALA, aNaghaDa ane asaMskArI hatA. chasAta dAyakA A rIte cAlyuM. tyAM I. sa. 1850mAM oNsTreliyAmAM melbarna pAse sonuM nIkaLyuM. have tyAM javA mATe iMglenDathI zrImaMta, bAhoza, suzikSita, saMskArI aMgrejo moTI saMkhyAmAM doDyA. vahANonI avarajavara vadhI gaI. zrImaMto pANInA bhAve maLatI jagyA moTA pramANamAM kharIdavA lAgyA. sArAM pAkAM gharo baMdhAvA lAgyAM. have AraMbhanI sAdhAraNa kakSAnI vasati karatAM saMskArI suzikSita vasatinuM pramANa vadhI gayuM. vistAra vadhato gayo. navA navA pradezo briTiza hakUmatamAM umerAtA gayA ane ema karatAM samagra oNsTreliyA briTananuM saMsthAna banI gayuM. alabatta, tyAre bIjo koI rAjakIya niyaMtraNo nahotAM, eTale holenDa, porTugala, phrAnsa, jarmanI, spena vagere dezomAMthI paNa ghaNA loko AvyA ane teoe paNa potapotAnI vasAhata sthApI. paraMtu rAjyasattA briTananI rahI. AdivAsIo osTreliyAnI dharatI para pazcimanA gorA lokoe paga mUkyo na pahelAM tyAM judA judA pradezomAM AdivAsIo rahetA hatA. evA

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10 paricaya pustikA pravRtti AdivAsIonI judI judI traNasothI vadhu jAtio maLIne kula vasati trIsa lAkhathI paNa vadhu hovAno aMdAja che. eka mAnyatA evI che ke A AdivAsIo prAcIna kALamAM jAvA, malAyA vagere TApuo parathI bhaTakatA bhaTakatA, khorAka mATe sthaLAMtara karatA karatA osTreliyAnA kinAre AvyA haze. khetI temane AvaDatI nahIM hoya eTale mAchalI ane pazupakSIonA zikAra upara teo nabhatA haze. bUmareMga teonuM zikAra mATenuM jANItuM hathiyAra che. oNsTreliyAmAM hAla gogujA, volmAjorI, maMdajilajArA, gurAdijI, bAraDI vagere vividha jAtinA AdivAsIo che. keTalIye jAtiomAM mAtra pAMcasothI hajAra jeTalI vasati have astitvamAM rahI che. A AdivAsIo alaga alaga pradezamAM nAnAM nAnAM jUthomAM vasatA hovAthI ane teonI ghANI jAtio hovAthI bahAranI duniyAmAM teo eTalA jANItA nathI. osTreliyAmAM jema jema gArA vasAhatIo vadhatA gayA ane judA judA pradezomAM prasaratA gayA tema tema AdivAsIo temanAthI dUra ane dUra bhAgatA gayA. gorA lokoe mukhyatve dakSiNa ane pUrva bAju samudrakinAre potAnI vasAhato UbhI karI eTale AdivAsIo uttara, pazcima ane madhya tarapha khasatA gayA. gorA loko sAtheno temano saMparka sukhada nahoto. AraMbhamAM AvelA gorA loko krUra gunegAro hatA. AdivAsIone jotAM ja teo temane mArI nAkhatA. vaLI, gorA loko potAnI sAthe je keTalAka cepI rogo lAvyA. e rogo keTalAka AdivAsIo mATe jIvaleNa nIvaDyA. eka saikAmAM to trIsa lAkha AdivAsIomAMthI mAMDa cALIsapacAsa hajAra jeTalA rahyA. chellA keTalAka samayathI thoDAka AdivAsI yuvAno zaheramAM AvI bhaNavA lAgyA che ane gorA loko sAthe bhaLavA lAgyA che.

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oNsTreliyA 11 vasati, dharma ane bhASA AdivAsIonI vasati ghaTI ane bIjI bAju gorA lokonI vasati vadhatI gaI. daramiyAna eziyAnA judA judA dezomAMthI aMgreja potAnI sAthe laI gayelA ane bIjA evA lokono vasavATa paNa oNsTreliyAmAM thato gayo. be kAne aMte oNsTreliyAnI vasati 1,80,87,000 jeTalI thaI. emAM 98 TakA yuropIya vaMzanA loko, 4 TakA eziyAI lokonA vaMzaja ane 2 TakA AdivAsIo che. yuropIya vaMzanA lokomAM paNa 95 TakA aMgrejo che ane 5 TakA yuropanA bIjA dezanA loko che. oNsTreliyAmAM vasavATa pAzcAtya gorono thayo, paraMtu e vasavATa pRthvInA pUrva dizAnA dakSiNa goLArdhamAM thayo. yuropa bahu dUra rahyuM ane eziyAnI najIka AvavAnuM thayuM. ethI oNsTreliyAnI prajA upara pazcima ane pUrva ema baMne saMskRtino prabhAva paDyA. AbohavAnI asara raheNIkaraNI upara paNa paDI. yuropanA dezomAM jeTalI aupacArikatA che eTalI oNsTreliyanomAM jovA nahIM maLe. rastAmAM ughADA page cAlatA osTreliyano jovA maLaze ane vimAnamAM baniyana ane aDadhI caDDI paherIne musApharI karatA paoNsTreliyano paNa jovA maLaze. oNsTreliyAnI vasatimAM aMgreja vaMzajo mukhya che. aMgrejo khristI dharmanA proMTesTanTa saMpradAyane anusaranArA che. romana kaeNthalika jeTalA teo custa nathI, oNsTreliyAmAM lagabhaga 94 TakA loko khristI dharma pALe che, 1 Tako musalamAna che, 1 Tako boddha dharmIo che, 1 Tako yahudIo che ane bAkInA lokomAM anya dharmIo tathA AdivAsIo che. Ama chatAM oNsTreliyAmAM dhArmika custatA, jhanUna ke saMgharSa jovA

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12 paricaya pustikA pravRtti nahIM maLe. loko ekaMdare maLatAvaDA ane nikhAlasa che. oNsTreliyAmAM mukhya vasavATa aMgrejono hovAthI ane iMglaeNnDanuM e saMsthAna hovAthI tyAMnI rAjyabhASA ane lokonI mukhya bhASA aMgrejI rahI che. Daca, jarmana vagere loko potAnI vasAhatomAM mAMhomAMhe potapotAnI bhASA Aja divasa sudhI bolatA AvyA che, paraMtu aMgrejInA prabhutvane kAraNe navI prajAmAM te bhASAono prabhAva ocho thavA lAgyo che. oNsTreliyanonI bhASA iMgliza, paraMtu temAM bolacAlanI bhASAnA aMzonuM pramANa vadhatuM gayuM che. tyAMnA lokonA keTalAka uccAro briTananA loko karatAM judA che. ekaMdare oNsTreliyano jhaDapathI zabdo uccAre che. teo zabdamAM vacce AvatA 'a'no uccAra 'AI' jevo kare che. 'sanDe' ane 'manDe' bolavuM hoya to 'sanDAI' ane 'manDAI' evA uccAro kare che. tyAM majAkamAM kahe che ke, koI tamane pUche ke 'DiDa yU kama hiara TuDAI ?' to mAThuM na lagADavuM, kAraNa ke teo 'TuDe'ne badale 'TuDAI' bole che. teo 'bAisikalI' bole to 'bejhikalI' bole che ema samajavuM. teo 'theMka yU'ne badale 'guDa oNna yU' bole che. temanA uccAronI ane uccAraNa-avayavonI khAsiyata judI che. rAjyo ane zahero oNsTreliyAmAM sau prathama vaseluM zahera te siDanI che. AraMbhakALathI enI vasati uttarottara vadhatI rahI che ane haju paNa te oNsTreliyAnuM moTAmAM moTuM zahera che. tyAra pachI bIje naMbare AvatuM zahera te melbarna che. taduparAMta eDileiDa, brisbena, partha, hobArTa, DArvina ane kenaberA oNsTreliyAnAM mukhya zahero che. ghaNAMkharAM zahero samudrakinAre athavA kinArAthI najIkanA pradezamAM AvelAM che, kAraNa ke oNsTreliyAmAM

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osTreliyA prajAno vasavATa mukhyapaNe to samudrakAMThAnA pradezomAM thayelo che. - oNsTreliyAnI vizALa dharatInuM rAjyomAM vibhAjana vasavATa anusAra thayuM che. tyAM che mukhya rAjyo che : (1) nyU sAutha velsa, (2) vikaToriyA, (3) sAutha osTreliyA, (4) kavInsalenDa, (5) vesTarna osTreliyA ane (6) TAsmAniyA. A rAjyonI sarahado kudaratI bhaugolika sarahada anusAra nakkI na karAtAM, akSAMza ane rekhAMza anusAra, amerikAnI jema, UbhI ane ADI lITIe nakkI karavAmAM AvI che. ema karavAnuM A vizALa dharatImAM saheluM che, kAraNa ke madhya bhAgamAM raNavistAra che jyAM sarahadonA jhaghaDAno koI prazna ubhavato nathI. A cha rAjyo uparAMta pATanagara mATe ane uttara mATe prAdezika vibhAgo karavAmAM AvyA che. oNsTreliyAnAM rAjyonI ane prAdezika vibhAgonI vasati ane enAM mukhya nagaronI vasati hAla chellA sattAvAra AMkaDA anusAra nIce pramANe che : rAjyo rAjya kula vasati mukhya nagara mukhya nagaranI vasati nyU sAutha velsa pa8, 13,000 siDanI 36, 24,000 vikToriyA 43,66,000 melabanI 30, 39,000 sAutha oNsTreliyA 14,36,000 eDileIDa 10,37,000 kvInsalenDa 28,92,000 bribreIna 12,72,000 vesTarna oNsTreliyA 16, 26,000 partha 1, 58,000 TAsmAniyA 4,55,000 hobArTa 1,81,000

Page #16
1 4 paricaya pustikA pravRtti prAdezika vibhAgo prAdezika vibhAgo kula vasati mukhya nagara enI vasati uttara pradeza 1, 56,000 DArvina cha3,000 pATanagara vibhAga 3, 83,000 kenaberA 3, 72,000 A vasatimAM prativarSa thoDo vadhAro thato rahyo che. bIjA dezonA lokone paNa kAyamI vasavATa mATe paravAnagI ApavAmAM Ave che. Ama, oNsTreliyAnI kula vasati 1,80, 87, 000 jeTalI che, paNa vasati jeTalI vadhavI joIe teTalI vadhatI nathI. videzIonA praveza upara tyAM niyaMtraNo che, paraMtu sthAnika vasati vadhavAno dara paNa kudaratI rIte jeTalo hovo joIe eTalo nathI. enAM ghaNAM kAraNomAMnuM eka kAraNa e che ke pAzcAtya dezonI jema oNsTreliyAmAM paNa yuvakayuvatIomAM evuM valaNa vadhatuM jAya che ke sukhI jIvana jIvavuM hoya to saMtAnonI jaMjALa na hovI joIe. rAjyavyavasthA aitihAsika daSTie joIe to osTreliyA briTiza sAmrAjyanuM eka saMsthAna hatuM. bIjAM saMsthAnomAM sthAnika prajA hatI ane temanA para briTane rAjya karavAnuM hatuM. oNsTreliyAmAM to briTane mokalelA potAnA ja prajAjano hatA, eTale oNsTreliyAnI briTana pratyenI vaphAdArI cAlu rahe e samajI zakAya evI vAta che. AthI ja, bhAratanI AjhAdI pachI, briTiza sAmrAjyanuM visarjana thayuM ane tenI jagyAe briTiza rASTrasamUha(British Commonwealth)nuM nirmANa thayuM te vakhata oNsTreliyAe svAyatta thavA chatAM briTananA 'Dominiyana' rAjya tarIke rahevAnuM pasaMda karyuM. eTale oNsTreliyAmAM baMdhAraNIya rAjAzAhI

Page #17
15 osTreliyA (Constitutional Monarchy) che. oNsTreliyAnA rASTradhvajamAM briTananA yuniyana jekane sthAna ApavAmAM AvyuM che ane potAnA rASTragIta uparAMta briTananuM rASTragIta paNa svIkArAyeluM che. briTananAM hAlanAM rANI elijhAbetha oNsTreliyA rASTranAM vaDAM che. oNsTreliyAnI cUMTAyelI sarakAranI pasaMdagIthI ane bhalAmaNathI viTananAM rANI osTreliyAnA gavarnara-janaralanI nimaNUka kare che. Ama, briTananI mAtra aupacArika sattA che, paraMtu te oNsTreliyAnI rAjyavyavasthAno khyAla Ape che. (chellA keTalAka samayathI oNsTreliyAnA yuvAnomAM A baMdhAraNIya rAjAzAhI pratye virodhano sUra UThavA lAgyo che.) oNsTreliyAnI pArlamenTanI cUMTaNI lokazAhI Dhabe thAya che. oNsTreliyAmAM traNa rAjadvArI pakSo che : (1) lebara pArTI, (2) libarala pArTI ane (3) kanTI pArTI. emAM mukhya rasAkasI to lebara pArTI ane libarala pArTI vacce ja hoya che. osTreliyAmAM pArlamenTanAM be sabhAgRha che. eka upaluM sabhAgRha. ene seneTa kahevAmAM Ave che. bIjuM nIcaluM sabhAgRha. ene hAusa opha reprijhanTaTijha (pratinidhigRha) kahevAmAM Ave che. seneTamAM niyukta sabhyo hoya che ane pratinidhigRhamAM cUMTAyelA sabhyo hoya che. cUMTaNImAM dareka rAjyanI vasatinA pramANamAM ene beThako maLe che. emAM nyU sAutha velsa, vikaToriyA ane kavInsalenDa e traNa rAjyomAM vasatinuM pramANa vadhAre hovAthI enA pratinidhionuM pramANa vadhAre rahe che. vesTarna osTreliyA ane TAsmAniyAmAM vasati ochI hovAthI ene ochI beThako maLe che. je pakSane pArlamenTamAM bahumatI maLe te potAnA netAnI cUMTaNI kare che ane te vaDA pradhAna thAya che. pArlamenTanA sabhyonI mudata traNa varSanI hoya che ane seneTanA sabhyonI mudata cha varSanI hoya che, paraMtu seneTanI racanA evI rIte karavAmAM AvI che ke dara traNa varSe

Page #18
paricaya pustikA pravRtti DArvina uttara pradera elisa spriMga vesTarna asTreliyA sAka hindI mahAsAgara

Page #19
pradeza spraMga. nAutha oNsTreliyA | 2 sTreliyA eDileiDa kvInsalaeNnDa nyU sAutha velsa vikaToriyA) melbarna " phenaberA kaMInsa TAsmAniya oNsTreliyA paeNsiphika mahAsAgara brisbena gaoNlDa kosTa siDanI hobArTa 17

Page #20
18 paricaya pustikA pravRtti aDadhA sabhyo nivRtta thAya che ane navA sabhyo temAM joDAya che. osTreliyAmAM rAjyanI sarakAranI mudata cAra varSanI che. aDhAra varSanI umare matAdhikAra apAya che. AdivAsIo sivAya tamAma nAgariko mATe matadAna pharajiyAta che. badhA ja umedavArone pasaMdagInA krama anusAra mata ApavAno hoya che. osTreliyA atyaMta vizALa deza hovAthI ane vasati chUTIchavAI hovAthI, cUMTaNI vakhate agAuthI maMjUrI meLavIne TapAla dvArA paNa matadAna karI zakAya che. Ama, briTiza pArlAmenTarI paddhati pramANe oNsTreliyAnuM rAjyataMtra cAle che. rASTranA aupacArika vaDA tarIke gavarnara-janarala che, paraMtu vahIvaTI taMtranA vaDA tarIkenI sattA vaDA pradhAna bhogave che. oNsTreliyAmAM saMkhyAbaMdha rAjakIya pakSo nathI. tyAM varNa, bhASA, dharma, jAti vagerenA prazno nathI eTale vadhu rAjakIya pakSonI AvazyakatA UbhI thaI nathI. lokonI Arthika sthiti ekaMdare ghaNI ja sArI ane sarakAra temanuM barAbara dhyAna rAkhe che. eTale oNsTreliyAmAM rASTrIya karatAM AMtararASTrIya prakAranA prazno vadhu mahattvanA banI rahe che. yureniyamanI nikAsa na karavI ke vahela mAchalIno zikAra na karavo evA videzanItinA prazna prajAmAM vadhu carcAya che. oNsTreliyAmAM rAjyapaddhati ane kAnUnI briTiza paddhati pramANe che, paraMtu haMmezAM briTana tarapha najara nAkhanAra e deza bIjA vizvayuddha pachI amerikanonA vadhu paricayamAM Avyo che. vaLI pesiphika mahAsAgaranA dezo sAtheno eno vyavahAra vadhyo hovAthI te vadhAre pUrvAbhimukha banato jAya che. jApAnanA sahakArathI tyAM moTarakAra, rasAyaNo vagaranA moTA udyogo sthapAyA che ethI jApAnIonI saMkhyA tyAM uttarottara vadhatI rahI che. Ama, osTreliyAnA samAjajIvana upara bahAranI prajAono prabhAva vadhavA lAgyo che.

Page #21
osTreliyA 19 bIjA vizvayuddha vakhate jarmanInA pakSe rahI jApAne briTiza saMsthAno upara AkramaNa karyA te vakhate tenI murAda oNsTreliyAne paNa kabaje karavAnI hatI. 1942mAM jApAne DArvina ane ketherIna zahera para havAI humalA karyA hatA, keTalIka sTImaro DubADI hatI ane siDanI baMdaramAM sabamarIna dAkhala karI hatI. te vakhate amerikA oNsTreliyAnI madada AvyuM hatuM ane tene jApAnIonA hAthamAM jatAM bacAvyuM hatuM. bIjA vizvayuddhamAM aMte jApAnano parAjaya thayo hato. te vakhate oNsTreliyA amerikAnA ahesAna heThaLa AvyuM hatuM. eTale ja bIjA vizvayuddha pachI tarata amerikA jyAre viyeTanAmanI laDAImAM ane koriyAnI laDAImAM saMDovAyuM hatuM tyAre oNsTreliyAe potAnA sainiko ApIne amerikAne sahAya karI hatI. eTaluM ja nahIM, amerikAnI bhalAmaNathI oNsTreliyAe viyeTanAmanA nirAzritone potAne tyAM vasAvyA hatA. Ama, oNsTreliyA amerikA tarapha DhaLatuM rahyuM che. arthataMtra siDanImAM je eka lAkhathI vadhu gunegArone vasAvavAmAM AvyA tyAre teone AraMbhanAM varSomAM Arthika dRSTie potAnuM astitva TakAvI rAkhavAnuM ghaNuM kaparuM lAgyuM. eka dAyakA karatAM vadhu samaya bhAre hADamArIno pasAra thayo. paNa tyAra pachI dhIme dhIme Arthika sthiti sudharatI gaI. briTana taraphathI thoDo thoDo puravaTho paNa maLato rahyo hato. sonuM nIkaLyA pachI sthiti vadhu sudharavA lAgI. taduparAMta kolaso ane lokhaMDa nIkaLyAM. bIjI bAju gheTAnA UnanI Avaka thavA lAgI. vasati ochI ane pradeza vizALa hovAne lIdhe kudaratI saMpattinI koI khoTa nahotI. osTreliyAnI Arthika sthiti ema uttarottara sudharatI gaI ane bIjA vizvayuddha pachI to tyAM jApAna, amerikA vagere dezonA

Page #22
paricaya pustikA pravRtti sahayogathI navA navA udyogo sthapAyA ane zahero vadhu sudRDha banatAM gayAM. A rIte garIbI ke bekArInA prazno oNsTreliyAmAM khAsa rahyA nahi. loko ekaMdare sukhI ane samRddha jIvana jIve che. lokonI sarerAza Avaka sArI rahyA karI che ane Arthika vikAsano dara saMtoSakAraka rahyo che. oNsTreliyAmAM sarakArI nANAkIya varSa pahelI julAIthI 30mI jUna sudhInuM gaNAya che. oNsTreliyAe briTiza rASTrasamUhanAM bIjAM keTalAMka rASTronI jema 1966nA phebruArIthI tolamApamAM ane calaNamAM dazAMza paddhati (Metric System) apanAvI lIdhI che. mAIlane badale kilomiTara tathA pAunDane badale DaoNlara ane senTa, ema dazAMza paddhatimAM rUpAMtara karavAmAM AvyuM che. oNsTreliyAe potAnA calaNamAM plAsTikanI calaNI noTo dAkhala karI che, jethI nakalI noTo saraLatAthI thaI na zake. keLavaNI keLavaNInI bAbatamAM oNsTreliyA haju sudhI briTiza keLavaNInI paddhatine anusaratuM rahyuM che. briTane potAnAM saMsthAnomAM potAnI keLavaNInI paddhati dAkhala karelI hatI. bhAratamAM agAu hatuM tema prAthamika zALAnAM cAra dhoraNa ane pachI mAdhyamika zALAnAM sAta dhoraNa ema agiyAra varSe vidyArthI maeNTrika thAya. tyAra pachI cAra varSano abhyAsa kaoNlejamAM karIne vidyArthI snAtaka thAya. oNsTreliyAe A paddhati ja apanAvI che, paraMtu emAM judAM judAM rAjyomAM avAranavAra pheraphAra thatA rahyA che. ekaMdare suzikSita prajAnI TakAvArI ghaNI ja UMcI che. oNsTreliyAnAM badhAM ja mukhya zaheromAM te te rAjyanI yunivarsiTI che, jagyAnI vizALatA ane sArI Arthika sthitine lIdhe yunivarsiTIonAM makAno ane sAdhanasagavaDanuM dhoraNa ghaNuM ja UMcuM rahyuM 20

Page #23
21 oNsTreliyA che. Ama chatAM oNsTreliyAnA yuvAno vividha pravRttionA zokhIna hovAthI ane bAlyakALathI ja khAdhepIdhe bahu sukhI tathA laherI svabhAvanA hovAthI jemAM bhaNavAnAM varSa vadhAre lAge evA abhyAsakramo, khAsa karIne dAktarI, ijanerI jevA vyavasAyalakSI abhyAsakramo, ochA pasaMda kare che. A sthitimAM paNa vakhatovakhata pheraphAra thatA rahe che. ghara, taraNahoja vagere vizALa deza, ghaNI ja ochI vasati, sArI kudaratI khanIjasaMpatti, Una vagerenA nikAsanI khAssI moTI Avaka, vagerene kAraNe oNsTreliyAnA lokonI samRddhi bahu ja sArI rahI che. jagyAnI achata jarA paNa na hovAne kAraNe ane vasavATane be saikA jeTalo ja samaya thayo hovAne lIdhe tyAM kacAMya gIca vasati nathI, to pachI jhUMpaDapaTTInI to vAta ja cAMthI hoya ? lokone rahevA mATe ghaNuM kharuM beThA ghATanAM svataMtra ghara hoya che. eMsI TakA jeTalA lokone potAnI mAlikInAM ghara che. e gharomAM vizALa khaMDo, bahAra cogAna, bagIco, moTarakAra mATe tathA yAMtrika hoDI (yacht) mATe gereja, pAchaLa vADo ane taraNahoja (svImiMga pula) ema vividha prakAranI sagavaDo hoya che. oNsTreliyAnA loko taravAnA zokhIna hoya che. jene taratAM na AvaDe te oNsTreliyana nahIM. iMglaeNnDanA ane yuropanA ThaMDA pradezamAMthI AvelA gorA lokone pUrvanA A garama kahI zakAya evA pradezamAM vasavATa karavAnuM banyuM eTale ThaMDaka meLavavA pANInI sAthe emanI dostI thaI gaI. tyAMnA dareka zaheramAM jAhera moTA taraNahoja uparAMta ekaMdare sittera TakAthI vadhu loko pAse potAnA gharanA vADAmAM ja potAnI aMgata mAlikInA taraNahoja che. oNsTreliyAnuM AmAna bAre mAsa

Page #24
2 2 paricaya pustikA pravRtti taravA mATe anukULa hoya che. oNsTreliyAnAM zahero parathI pasAra thatAM vimAnamAMthI najara karIe to nIlaraMgI pANIvALA seMkaDo taraNahoja nIce dekhAya. taraNahojamAM taravA uparAMta osTreliyana samudramAM taravAnA paNa eTalA ja zokhIna che. osTreliyAno samudrakinAro ghaNo vizALa che ane eNe ghaNA samudrataTa (beach) vikasAvyA che. enI jALavaNI paNa sArI rIte karavAmAM Ave che. enI svacchatA tarata ApaNuM dhyAna khece che. roja savArathI sAMja sudhI seMkaDo mANasonI avarajavara hovA chatAM kyAMya kAgaLanI cabarakhI jeTalo kacaro jovA na maLe. keTalAka samudrataTa para pagarakhAM paherIne javAnI ke tyAM khAvApIvAnI manAI hoya che. oNsTreliyanone chIcharA pANIvALA taTamAM taravAnuM ane taDako khAvAnuM bahu game che. keTalAka to rajAnA divase savArathI sAMja sudhI tyAM ja paDyA rahe che. evA divase jANe tyAM moTo meLo jAmyo hoya evuM lAge. keTalAka samudrataTa para taranArAono ane taraMgasavArI (surfing) karanArAono ema be judA judA vibhAga hoya che. samudranA pANImAM je judI judI ramato thAya che emAM mojAM upara savArIno viziSTa AnaMda hoya che. pAMcacha phUTa lAMbuM lAkaDAnuM pATiyuM hAthamAM laI pANImAM Adhe javAnuM ane jyAM UMcuM moTuM mojuM zarU thAya tyAM tarata enA para pATiyuM goThavI pATiyA para besI javAnuM athavA AvaDe to enA para UbhA rahI javAnuM ane ramatolapaNuM jALavI mojA sAthe DolatAM DolatAM kinArA sudhI AvavAnuM. jyAM bahu moTAM mojAM dUrathI AvatAM hoya tyAM AvI ramata ramAya che ane samatolapaNuM jALavavAno judo ja romAMca anubhavAya che. oNsTreliyana pANInI vividha ramato uparAMta jalavihAranA paNa eTalA ja rasiyA che. jAte halesAM mArI calAvavAnI sAdI nAnI hoDI,

Page #25
osTreliyA saDhavALI hoDI, yAMtrika nAnI hoDI, yAMtrika nAnuM vahANa ema nAnAMmoTAM kadanAM ane vividha prakAranAM jalavAhano temanI pAse hoya che. samudrakinAre sekaDo hoDIo lAMgarelI paDI hoya. mAtra pharavA, pANInI ramato ramavA ke mAchalIno zikAra karavA teo nIkaLI paDe che. ghaNA loko pAse yAMtrika nAnAM vahANa hoya che je teo ghare rAkhe che ane pharavA javuM hoya tyAre potAnI moTarakAra pAchaLa bAMdhI daI je bAjunA samudrakinAre javuM hoya tyAM laI jAya che. pUrvamAM brisbana ane golDa kosTamAM paryaTako mATe evAM ghaNAM sthaLo vikasAvavAmAM AvyAM che. sudIrgha samudrataTanI caLakatI retIne kAraNe 'golDa kosTa'nuM yathArtha nAma dharAvanAra A pradezane yogya rIte ja suRFER'S PARADISE (taraMgasavAranuM svarga) tarIke oLakhAvavAmAM Ave che. eka jamAnAmAM cArapAMca hajAranI pAMkhI vasativALA A vistAramAM chellA be aDhI dAyakAmAM pravAsIo mATe moTI moTI hoTala baMdhAtAM ane bhinna bhinna prakAranI sAhasika ramatonAM manoraMjana kendro-udyAnonuM Ayojana thatAM eka navuM zahera vasI gayuM che ane A pradezanI vasatinI saMkhyA traNa lAkhathI vadhu thaI gaI che. osTreliyA enI ramatagamato mATe ane temAM paNa krikeTa mATe eka saikA karatAM vadhu samayathI mazahUra che. golpha Tenisa, phUTabola, saoNkara, ghoDesavArI, baoNsiMga vagere bIjI ramato tyAM che, paNa krikeTanuM to e lokone gheluM ja che. iMglenDe jUnA vakhatamAM potAnAM saMsthAnomAM potAnI rASTrIya ramata krikeTano pracAra karyo ethI e dezomAM krikeTanI ramata atyaMta lokapriya thaI gaI. amerikA, raziyA, jarmanI, cIna, jApAna vagere poNA bhAganI duniyAmAM krikeTa eTalI ramAtI nathI. ghaNA dezomAM phuTabola, bAskeTa bola, bejhabaoNla, hokI vagerenuM mahattva vizeSa che. briTiza sAmrAjyanA visarjana pachI paNa rASTrasamUhanA e

Page #26
24 paricaya pustikA pravRtti o dezomAM krikeTanI lokapriyatA ghaTI nathI vizva oN yanone krikeTa rovAno phAvaTa vizeSa che. oNsTreliyana khelADIo jana matathI krikeTa ramavAmAM paMkAyelA che. krikeTanI vividha harIphAIomAM teoe jAta jAtanI siddhio dAkhavI che. ArmasTraoNnga, breDamena, bila hanTa vagerenAM nAmo suprasiddha che. oNsTreliyAmAM 1956mAM melbarnamAM oNlimpika ramatotsava yojAyo hato ane have 2000mAM te siDanImAM yojAnAra che. zahero ane pATanagara aitihAsika daSTie, vasatinI dRSTie, vikAsa ane sAMskRtika pravRttinI dRSTie, naisargika saundaryanI dRSTie ane samRddhinI dRSTie siDanI oNsTreliyAnuM sauthI mahattvanuM zahera che. siDanInI yunivarsiTI, nyU sAutha velsa lAibrerI, bonDAI samudrataTa, tarogA jhU pArka, oNperA hAusa, seMTara paoNinTa tathA pAsenA blyU mAunTansa vagere ghaNAM sarasa jovA jevAM sthaLo tyAM che. siDanInI duniyAnAM raLiyAmaNAM zaheromAM gaNanA thAya che. vikaToriyA rAjyamAM AveluM oNsTreliyAnuM bIjuM mukhya zahera melbarna enI yunivarsiTI, naeNzanala ArTa gaeNlarI, riAlTo TAvarsa, baoNTanikala gArDana mATe tathA vepArI mathaka tarIke jANItuM che. kenaberA pATanagara tarIke mahattvanuM che. A traNa zahero uparAMta brisbena, eDileiDa, partha, hobArTa, DArvina vagere zaheronI darekanI potAnI keTalIka viziSTatAo che. madhya oNsTreliyAnA raNapradezanI barAbara vacce elisa spriMga nAmanuM manohara sthaLa che. uttaramAM varSA-jaMgalo(rain forests)nA pradezomAM keinsa (cairns) vagere sthaLe paryaTaka kendro vikasatAM tyAM paNa vasati vadhavA lAgI che. keinsa pAse smithaphilDathI kurAnDA sudhInA vistAramAM AvelAM varSo

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oNsTreliyA 25 jaMgalo nihALavA mATe ropa-ve athavA skAyareilanI adyatana suvidhA karavAmAM AvI hovAthI tathA najIkamAM AvelA DagalAsa baMdarethI boTamAM betraNa kalAkanA aMtare samudranA svaccha chIcharA pANImAM beriyara rIpha-paravALAnA khaDako ane mAchalIo jovA mATe vyavasthA thayelI hovAthI A vistAramAM sahelANIono dhasAro vadhI gayo che. oNsTreliyA atyaMta vizALa deza hovAthI amerikA, raziyA ke cInanI jema tyAM paNa pUrva, madhya ane pazcima ema traNa vibhAgamAM traNa judA judA samaya hoya che ane e samayamAM paNa ziyALA ane unALA pramANe pheraphAra thAya che. dAkhalA tarIke je vakhate parthamAM baporanA bAra vAgyA hoya barAbara e ja samaye eDileIDamAM baporanA be vAgyA hoya ane siDanImAM aDhI vAgyA hoya. bhArata karatAM osTreliyAno samaya sADA cAra kalAka AgaLa che. bhAratamAM savAranA pAMca vAgyA hoya tyAre oNsTreliyAmAM savAranA sADA nava vAgyA hoya. oNsTreliyAnAM bIjAM zaherono vikAsa kudaratI rIte thayelo che, paraMtu enA pATanagara kenaberanuM to navesarathI nirmANa thayuM che. briTiza zAsanakALa daramiyAna ja rAjadhAnI mATe alaga zahera banAvavAnI yojanA zarU thaI gaI hatI. e mATe nyU sAutha velsanA rAjyamAMthI ja yogya prakAranI vizALa jamIna phALavavAmAM AvI hatI. A zaherano kevo nakazo hovo joIe e mATe AMtararASTrIya spardhA rAkhavAmAM AvI hatI ane amerikAnA sthApatyavid bali griphinano nakazo pasaMda karavAmAM Avyo hato. prikine potAnA nakazAmAM zaheranA madhya bhAgamAM sarakhuM khodANa karIne eka vizALa sarovara karavAnI ane emAM vacce 140 phUTa UMco kuvAre karavAnI yojanA karI hatI ke jethI zaheranI zobhA vadhe ane havAmAnamAM zItaLatA prasarI rahe. A nakazA pramANe zahera

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26 paricaya pustikA pravRtti baMdhAI rahyA pachI I.sa. 1927mAM briTananA rAjA pAMcamA jyaoNrje enuM udghATana karyuM hatuM. oNperA hAusa koI oNsTreliyAnA sAMskRtika pravAse jAya ane siDanInuM oNperA hAusa joyA vagara pAcho phare to eno pravAsa adhUro ja gaNAya. siDanInuM nAma detAM ja tyAMnuM oNperA hAusa yAda Ave. e Adhunika samayanuM eka benamUna bhavya sthApatya che. oNperA hAusanA sthaLanI pasaMdagI ane enI racanA baMne gauravavaMtAM che. AvA bhavya sthApatya mATe AsapAsanuM naisargika saundarya paNa Avazyaka che. bahumALI imAratonA A jamAnAmAM sArAM sthApatyo paNa DhaMkAI jAya che. eTalA mATe siDanImAM hArbara brija pAse dariyAmAM ghaNuM pUraNa karIne tyAM taiyAra karavAmAM AvelI jagyAmAM, samudramAM, oNperA hAusa bAMdhavAmAM AvyuM ke jedhI ghaNe dUrathI, vimAnamAMthI paNa te spaSTa dekhAya. oNperA hAusano AkAra kamaLanI pAMdaDIo jevo che. nIce jaLa ane upara khulluM AkAza evI rIte prakRtinA vAtAvaraNano ene pUro lAbha maLyo che. sUryodayathI sUryAsta sudhI ane cAMdanImAM paNa, ema jude jude samaye palaTAtA raMgo ane tejakaraNothI enA saundaryanI vRddhi thAya che. oNsTreliyAnI nyU sAutha velsanI sarakAre eka vizALa thiyeTara bAMdhavAno jyAre vicAra karyo tyAre jAte teno nakazo na banAvatAM te mATe AMtararASTrIya spardhA yojI ke jethI duniyAnA mahAna sthApatyavidonI dRSTino lAbha maLe. A thiyeTara mATe DenmArkanA jaoNna utnonI DijhAina pasaMda karavAmAM AvI. tyAre eno aMdAjita kharca eka karoDa ane vIsa lAkha oNsTreliyana DaoNlarano hato. paraMtu eka karoDa DaoNlara kharcAI javA

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osTreliyA chatAM dasa TakA jeTaluM paNa kAma thayuM nahIM. dariyAmAM pUraNI karavAmAM ja vakhata ane kharcanuM pramANa bahu vadhI gayuM. vIsa varSe jyAre A thiyeTara baMdhAI rahyuM tyAre enA kharcano AMkaDo eka abaja ane vIsa karoDa Dolara sudhI pahoMcI gayo hato. oNsTreliyA jevA dezane ja posAya evuM e sthApatya che. eka thiyeTara bAMdhavA pAchaLa duniyAmAM ATalI badhI rakama haju sudhI bIje kyAMya kharcAI nathI. A oNperA hAusamAM saMgIta, nATaka vagere mATe nAnAMmoTAM cAra sabhAgRho che. e cAremAM maLIne ekasAthe dasa hajAra prekSako potapotAnA kAryakramo nihALI zake ane chatAM aMdara ke bahAra jatAM ke AvatAM kyAMya bhIDa ke avyavasthA jevuM lAge nahIM evI enI racanA che. operA hAusanI ardhavartuLAkAra UbhI kamAno ane tenA zveta raMgane lIdhe dUrathI jotAM jANe jaLamAM kamaLa UgyuM hoya evI chApa paDe che. eTale ja siDanInA oNperA hAusane "koMkrITamAM kavitA' tarIke oLakhAvavAmAM Ave che. kAMgAruM, koAlA, pleTipasa, ema oNsTreliyAno vicAra karIe ane enuM rASTrIya prANI kAMgAruM yAda na Ave ema bane ja nahIM. prakRtizAstrIo mAne che ke je jAtanAM prANIo phakta oNsTreliyAmAM ja jovA maLe che te parathI e prAgaitihAsika kALano deza hovo joIe. oNsTreliyAmAM vanaspati ane prANIsRSTinuM bahu vaividhya jovA maLe che. phakta nIlagiri (yukelipTasa)nAM vRkSanI 700 jeTalI judI judI jAta tyAM jovA maLe che. ene tyAM Gum Tree kahe che. kAMgAruM, koAlA, oNTipasa, emu vagere prANIo oNsTreliyAmAM (ane AsapAsanA TApuomAM) jovA maLe che. peTe baccAne rAkhIne ucheranArAM prANIomAM

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28 paricaya pustikA pravRtti kAMgAruM sauthI moTuM che. eno dekhAva kaDhaMgo che. enA cAra pagamAMthI AgaLanA be paga TUMkA ane pAchaLanA lAMbA che. Ama, chatAM kalAkanA trIsa mAIlanI jhaDape te doDI zake che. vaLI, te trIsa phUTa lAMbI chalAMga mArI zake che. te be paga para UbhuM thaI zake che. TaTAra besavuM hoya to potAnI jADI lAMbI pUMchaDI para zarIra TekavIne te besI zake che. bhUkharA lAla raMganAM kAMgAruM UbhAM thAya to daseka phUTa jeTalAM UMcAM dekhAya che. enA AgaLanA be paga be hAtha jevuM kAma paNa ApI zake che. mAdA kAMgAruMnI kothaLImAM baccAMno uchera thAya che. baccAM janme tyAre phakata doDheka iMca jeTalA kadanAM hoya che. moTAM thAya tyAre daseka aThavADiye kothaLImAMthI moTuM bahAra kADhIne jue che. kAMgAruMnI pacAsa jeTalI judI judI jAti che. eka jAtinuM nAma "velAbI' che. tenuM kada nAnA kUtarA jevaDuM hoya che. te ghaNuMkharuM DuMgaromAM vase che. kAMgAruMnI eka jAta vRkSo upara ja rahe che ane tyAMthI ja potAno khorAka meLavI le che. kAMgArunI sauthI nAnI jAti kadamAM uMdara jeTalI hoya che. alabatta, osTreliyano moTA kAMgAruM ja kAMgAruM tarIke oLakhe che. phakta oNsTreliyAmAM ja jovA maLe evuM eka bIjuM prANI te koAlA che. rIMchanI nAnI pratikRti jevuM te lAge. ene pUMchaDI hotI nathI. traNeka phUTanA rUMchAdAra zarIravALA koAlAnuM jADuM kALuM nAka ane jhINI AMkho e enI lAkSaNikatA che. 'koAlA' nAma AdivAsIoe pADeluM che. emanI bhASAmAM "koAlA' eTale je pANI pItuM nathI te. koAlA pANI pItuM nathI. te ghaNuMkharuM nIlagirinAM vRkSo upara ja rahe che. enAM pAna eno mukhya khorAka che. divasa karatAM te rAtre vadhAre harephare che. divase ghaNI vAra te ghoratuM dekhAya. koI vAra to jhADa upara ekasAthe cArapAMca koAlA ekabIjA upara paDyAM paDyAM ghoratAM hoya. oNsTreliyAnA lokone koAlA enI suMvALI ruvAMTIne lIdhe bahu game

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osTreliyA 29 che. hAthamAM laIne ramADavuM game evuM e prANI che. bALakone paNa te bahu vahAluM lAge che. ramakaDAMnA koAlA have oNsTreliyA uparAMta anya dezomAM paNa maLe che. pleTipasa e phakata oNsTreliyAmAM ja jovA maLatuM, lagabhaga be phUTa lAMbuM eka anokhI jAtanuM prANI che. te prAgaitihAsika kALanuM manAya che. tenI gaNanA jaLacara pakSImAM ane prANImAM, ema baMnemAM thaI zake che. batakanI cAMca jevuM pahoLuM moDhuM, pANImAM taravuM ane lIlI drAkSa jevaDAM iMDAM mUkavAM e enI pakSI jevI khAsiyata batAve che. bIjI bAju nahoravALA cAra paga, tapakhIrI raMgano ruvAMTIvALo deha, pUMchaDI ane baccAMne dhavarAvIne ucheravAnI khAsiyatane lIdhe tenI gaNanA prANImAM thAya che. Ama, pleTipasa mizra lakSaNavALuM che. sastana prANIo iMDAM mUkatAM nathI ane IMDAM mUkanArAM prANIo dhavarAvatAM nathI, pleTipasa ja eka evuM prANI che ke je IMDAM mUke che ane baccAMne dhavarAve che. pANInA kAMThe dara karIne rahenAruM te bahu khAudharuM prANI che ane galophAmAM paNa khorAka bharI rAkhe che. oNsTreliyAnAM pakSIomAM lAkSaNika te rASTrIya pakSI emu che. te zAhamRga jevuM UMcuM che. bIjAM pakSIomAM cAra phUTa jeTalA UMcA maraghA che. ene kesovarI kahe che. hasavA jevo guDaguDa avAja karatAM phUkAburA pakSInI judI judI jAto tyAM che. melbarna pAse philipa TApunA samudrataTa para pegavina pakSIo Ave che. kabUtara, popaTa vagere jAtanAM sAmAnya pakSIo tyAM paNa jovA maLe che. 600 karatAM vadhAre jAtanAM pakSIo oNsTreliyAmAM che.

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hae paricaya pustikA pravRtti gheTAM oNsTreliyAmAM pALelAM pazuomAM gheTAne avazya yAda karavAM joIe. eka rIte joIe to oNsTreliyA eTale gheTAno deza. manuSyo ane pazupakSIo e tamAmamAM sauthI vadhu vasati jo koInI tyAM hoya to te gheTAMonI che. samagra duniyAnA pAMcamA bhAganAM gheTAM phakata osTreliyAmAM che. tyAM mANasanI vasati be karoDa karatAM ochI che, paraMtu gheTAMnI vasati paMdara karoDanI che. duniyAmAM zreSTha gaNAtA merino' prakAranA unanuM aDadhuM utpAdana ekalA osTreliyAmAM thAya che. A utpAdanamAMthI potAnA vaparAza mATe daseka TakA Una rAkhI bAkInA nevuM TakA UnanI oNsTreliyA nikAsa kare che. duniyAnA ghaNA dezo oNsTreliyAnuM kImatI Una kharIde che. Una uparAMta gheTAMnA mAMsanI nikAsa paNa te kare che. Ama tyAMnA arthataMtramAM gheTuM kendrasthAne che. gheTAM na hoya to enuM arthataMtra khoravAI jAya. osTreliyAmAM kinArAnA pradezomAM sarerAza sAro varasAda paDato hovAthI gheTAMnA carANa mATe ghAsanI sArI chata rahe che. e ghAsanI sArI guNavattA ane gheTAMnA uchera mATe sArI AbohavA hovAthI zreSThatama prakAranuM Una gheTAMo Ape che. gheTAMnA vyavasAyano vikAsa oNsTreliyAmAM kevI rIte thayo eno ItihAsa rasika che. sattaramA ane aDhAramA saikAmAM vahANavaTIo yuropathI nIkaLI AThadasa mahine jAvA, oNsTreliyA sudhI pahoMcatA tyAre teo potAnA AhAra mATe sAthe gheTAM paNa letA AvanA. Arthara philipa jyAre I. sa. 1788mAM osTreliyA pahoMcyo tyAre eNe bAkInAM gheTAne mArI nAkhavAne badale ucheryA. sArI AbohavA ane sAruM ghAsa maLatAM e STapuSTa gheTAMoe je Una ApyuM te uttama koTinuM hatuM. A joIne nyU sAutha velsanA eka lazkarI aphasara

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31 osTreliyA lephTananTa beMkaArthara briTiza sarakAra AgaLa yojanA rajU karI ke je iMglenDa potAne sArAmAM sArAM thoDAM gheTAM mokalI Ape ane carANa mATe maphata jamIna Ape to pote gheTAMnA ucherano vyavasAya karavA Icche che. enI yojanA maMjUra thaI ane I. sa. 1797mAM cauda uttama prakAranAM merino gheTAM osTreliyA AvI pahoMcyAM. meMkaArthare enA poSaNa-saMvardhananI javAbadArI upADI lIdhI. pahele varSe ghaTAdITha eka kilo Una UtaryuM. pachIthI te uttarottara e vadhatuM gayuM. Unano vyavasAya dhamadhokAra cAlavA lAgyo. prayogo thavA lAgyA. eka saikA pachI to AMsTreliyAnAM gheTAM paMdara kilo sudhI Una ApavA lAgyAM. gheTAMonI saMkhyA paNa uttarottara vadhatI gaI. be saikAne aMte to cauda gheTAMmAMthI paMdara karoDa gheTAM thaI gayAM. gheTAMoe oNsTreliyAne nyAla karI dIdhuM. opala opala e osTreliyAnuM kImatI ratna che. tyAMnI jhaverAtanI dareka dukAnamAM jAta jAtanAM opala maLe ane opala maDhelA dAgInA maLe. pala eTale kImatI retALa paththara. oNsTreliyAmAM jamInamAM baso traNaso phUTa UDakhodIne khaDakALa paththaro kADhavAmAM Ave che. opalanI AvI khANo oNsTreliyAmAM ghaNI che. oNsTreliyAmAMthI jeTalAM opala maLe che teTalAM bIjA koI dezamAMthI maLatAM nathI. khANamAMthI nIkaLelA A paththarone ghasIne, vartuLAkAra ke ardhavartuLAkAra ghATa ApIne camakatA karavAmAM Ave to emAMthI vividha raMgo camakArA mAre che. opala horA jeTaluM kImatI ratna nathI, kAraNa ke UMcethI paDatAM te baTakI javAno saMbhava rahe che. opala para hIrAnI jema pahela pADI zakAtA nathI. eTaluM ja nahIM, tINa vastu sAthe jo te ghasAya to e bagaDI

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paricaya pustikA pravRtti javAno saMbhava rahe che. Ama, chatAM taNakhA jevA vividha raMgo emAMthI nIkaLatA hovAne lIdhe enuM AkarSaNa ghaNuM rahe che. Ama, bhaugolika, prAkRtika, sAMskRtika, Arthika ItyAdi daSTie oNsTreliyAnI ghaNI AgavI lAkSaNikatAo che. duniyAnA agragaNya dasa paMdara dezomAM enI gaNanA thAya che. pravAsa karavAnI taka maLe to gamI jAya evo deza che, evI tyAMnI prajA che.

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961 962 963 964 965 966 967 960 969 970 971 972 973 974 hm godarejanAM so varSa AyarlaeNnDanuM samAdhAna mArka TvenanI kathAsRSTi kSayaroga varSa 41 : 1999 ApaNuM rASTrIya prANI vAgha pAkistAna sacina teMdulakara abhinaya kalA ApaNo moTara udyoga yazavaMta dozI sI.TI,bI,TI, DipaoNjhiTari eTale zuM ? plaeNneTeriyamanI kathA gujarAtI sAhityika sAmayiko baMdhAraNanI ghaDatarakathA 976 977 978 979 vAIno roga 980 981 982 983 984 sAne gurujI arthazAstrI dAMtavAlAnuM pradAna prAiDa eNnDa prejyuDisa bhavabhUti pradUSaNanI samasyA navajAta zizunI saMbhALa inpharmezana TeknolaoNjI arthazAstranA ghaDavaiyAo duSyanta paMDyA baTuka desAI bI. esa. nimAvata DaoN. kiraNa zIMglota kanaiyAlAla rAmAnuja rAjendra dave pradIpa tannA candrakAnta Thakkara sudhAkara zAha candrakAnta zAha amita dhoLakiyA jayeza citaliyA je. je. rAvaLa kizora vyAsa nagInadAsa saMghavI himmata jhaverI devarAja cauhANa ilA Araba mahetA DaoN. pravINA zAha yogeza paTela nagIna modI DaoN. prajJA pai jItendra saMghavI sukumAra trivedI chUTaka nakala : rU. 6 vArSika lavAjama : rU. 120 : AjIvana lavAjama rU. 1,500 paricaya TrasTa mahAtmA gAMdhI memaoNriyala bilDiMga, netAjI subhASa roDa, muMbaI-400 002 phona : 2814059 :

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ramaNalAla cI. zAha ramaNalAla cImanalAla zAhano janma pAdarA - (ji, vaDodarA)mAM 1926nA DisembaranI trIjIe thayo hato. pAdarA ane muMbaImAM zALAno abhyAsa karyA pachI temaNe muMbaInI seMTa jheviyarsa kaoNlejamAMthI 1948mAM bI.e.nI tathA 1950mAM ema. e.nI DigrI meLavI hatI. ema. e. mAM temaNe ba.ka. ThAkora suvarNacaMdraka, kezavalAla dhruva pAritoSika tathA seMTa jheviyarsa rauJcandraka meLavyAM hatAM. 'naLa ane damayaMtInI kathAno vikAsa' e viSaya upara mahAnibaMdha lakhIne temaNe 1961mAM pIeca.DI.nI upAdhi meLavI hatI. te pachI temanA mArgadarzana heThaLa paMdareka vidyArthIoe pIeca.DI.nI upAdhi prApta karI che. temaNe 1951thI 1970 sudhI muMbaInI seMTa jheviyarsa kaoNlejamAM adhyApaka tarIke ane 1970thI 1986 sudhI muMbaI yunivarsiTInA gujarAtI vibhAganA adhyakSa tarIke kArya karyuM hatuM. zrI zAhe lazkarI tAlIma laIne kaoNlejamAM ena.sI.sI.nA oNphisara tarIke vIsa varSa kAma karyuM hatuM ane mejarano hoddo meLavyo hato. A uparAMta teo judI judI sAhityika, sAMskArika, zaikSaNika ane dhArmika saMsthAomAM hoddedAra athavA samitinA sabhya tarIke sevA ApatA rahyA che. temaNe jaina dharma vize vyAkhyAno ApavA yuropa, amerikA, keneDA, AphrikAno ghaNI vAra pravAsa karyo che. 1977mAM siDanImAM ane 1979mAM rIo di jAneromAM yojAyela pI. I. ena.nI AMtararASTrIya koMgresamAM tathA 1987mAM TorAnTomAM AMtararASTrIya vejiTeriyana koMgresamAM bhAratanA pratinidhi tarIke bhAga lIdho hato. 1972thI teo zrI muMbaI jaina yuvaka saMgha taraphathI yojAtI paryuSaNa vyAkhyAnamALAnuM pramukhasthAna dharAve che. 'prabuddha jIvana'nA teo taMtrI che. jaina sAhityanI sevA mATe 1984mAM temane yazovijayajI suvarNacandraka apAyo che. - zrI zAhe eMzIthI vadhu pustakonuM lekhana tathA saMpAdana-saMzodhana karyuM che, jemAM 'pAsaporTanI pAMkhe', 'pradeze jayavijayanA', 'uttara dhruvanI zodhasaphara', 'jaMbusvAmI rAsa', 'dhannAzAlibhadra copAI', 'paDilehA', "Buddhism-An Introduction' vagereno samAveza thAya che. temaNe 'jaina dharma', 'bauddha dharma', 'hemacaMdrAcArya' vagere keTalIka paricaya pustikAo lakhI che. 1953mAM temaNe prA. tArAbahena zAha sAthe lagna karyuM che. temane be saMtAno che : zailajA ane amitAbha. saranAmuM : 'rekhA' bilDiMga naM.1, phUlaeNTa naM. 21 - 22, cothe mALe, 46, rija roDa, malabAra hila, muMbaI-400 006