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INTRODUCTION
completed in Fourteen stages technically called gunasthanas, A thoroughly upenlightened person is said to occupy the lowest levels of the First gunasthāna, the person just on the eve of attaining mokşa is said to occupy the Fourteenth guņasthana. Again, this tradition maintained that the factors constituting a man's everyday life are to a considerable extent the result of the actions which the man (rather his soul) has performed in the beginningless series of past lives and which have been retained by him (rather by his soul) in the form of what are technically called karmos (more correctly, karmans). These karmas are of eight general types and ás follows:
I. Nama-karmas- i.e. Karmas responsible for the bodily features (there
being certain obscure exceptions). II. Gotra-karmas- i.e. Karmas responsible for the favourable or unfavou
rable family circumstances.
III. Ayu-karmas- i.e. Karams respopsible for the species of life and its span, IV. Vedaniya-karmas- i.e. Karmas responsible for the pleasant and painful
sepsations. V. Jñānāvaraṇīya-karmas- i.e. Karmas responsible for the obscuration of
determinate cognition. VI. Darsanävaraniya-karmas, i.e. Karmas responsible for the obscuration of
indeterminate cognition. VII. Antarāya-karmas- i.c. Karmas responsible for the hindrance coming in
one's way of getting things. VIII. Mohanīya-karmas- i.e. Karmas causing delusion. The Mohaniya kasmas
are subdivided into two classes, viz. (a) Darasanamohaniya- i.e. Karmas causing delusion of the nature of lack of faith (in religious truths)' (b) Caritramohaniya- i.e. Karmas causing delusion of the nature of 'vices of character: ..Of these the caritramohaniya-karmas are sub-divided into two
classes. viz. .. (a) Kaşāyas- i e. Kasmas causing the chief vices of charecter. (b) Nokaşāyas-ie. Karmas causing the secondary vices of charecter
Of these the Kaşāya-karmas are subdivided into four classes. viz. (a) Krodha- i.e. Karmas causing anger. (b) Māna- i.e. Karmas Causing pride. In (c) Maya- 1.e. Karmas causing deceitfulness. (a) Lobha- 1.c. Karmas causing greed: -
