________________
exploitation of human need by terning it into greed A confidence bolstered by notion that our planet is a vast unending storehouse of natural resources we have milking it for ages our of ignorance & then by habit expoting nature as if it is our fathers property for food, fianancial technological research & invention purpose, petrol oil, metal, minerals, gases, water, food, air, nuclear armament vegetatative, air, water, land were used callously & corelessly every where on earth & space. Rapid movement race competition & ambitions has chances of committing mistake. No desire, no action, no motion is also violence Balance of ambitions comsumption, limiting needs, possession is non violence environmental ethics considers limitation on the freedom of excercising property rights & concerns further extention of our ethical duties to the environment we have ethical obligation to all of nature to recognize the interrelated nature of eco system which are composed of living & non living entities. Both living & non living matter have in herent value & standing for ethical consideration hand ethics carries duties to the environment including duties to love & respect the land & its inherent value A thing is right when it tends to preserve the integrity stability & beauty of the biotic community. Use of DDT caused damage to penguin but harm to penguins in natural environment not to human is simply irrelevant. Ethical questions are unique to human & are meaningless elsewhere. Although pollution can damage the environment & creature, it is not of moral concern unless it harms humans. . .
Land ethics enlarges the boundaries of the community include soil, water, plants, & animals. We can be ethical only in relation to something that we can see, feel understand love or we have faith in. Plants absorbs energy from sun. this energy flows through circuit called biota. Each successive layer depends on below & each furnishes food for above layer. i.e. soil → plant → insects → birds → animals.
Man shares intermediate layer with bears raccoons & squirrels which eat meat & vegetables.
Evolution has added layer after layer land is not merely soil it is fountain of energy flowing through a circuit of soils plants & animals. Food chains are living channels which conduct. .
Energy pyramid death & decay return it to soil circuit it not closed some energy is dissipated in decay some is added by absorption form air, some is stored in soil peat's & long lived forest but it is sustained circuit like slowly augmented revolving fund of life there is always a loss by downhill wash decay of rock deposited in the ocean & raised to form new lands & the pyramids when change occurs other
90
Jain Education International
For Personal & Private Use Only
www.jainelibrary.org
