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Vol. XVI, No. 3
For example rakṣa> Mahārāștrī> rakkha>Māgādhi laśkā; pakşa> Mahārāștri pakkha>Māgadhi paśka; prakṣālayatu>pakkhāladu (Hc. 4.228)>Māgadhi Paskāladu. But here a question is raised by all these three grammarians with regard to the word kkhu <khalu. Whether this kkhu will be sku, or not. All the grammarians have prohibited the change of kkhu into sku, rather it would remain the same (na kkhoḥ Pu. XII. 7; na kkhoḥ RT. 2.2.15; na kkhu sabdasya Mk XII. 5). All these grammarians have also mentioned that the treatment of Sanskrit kş is just reverse in Māgadhi, i.e. kş>șk>śk by meta-thesis.
In addition to this, Mārkandeya has two more sūtras which tell us the change of ks into śk and sca. Mārkandeya in his sūtra bulug bubhuk-sayām (V.8) refers that bu of bubhukça is to be elided. Thus the form should be bhuksā, but according to Mārkaņdeya it becomes bhuskā. Here kş becomes sk, but Märkandeya does not state any general rule for the change of ks. On the other hand, in case of vrkņa, Mārkandeya says that kş of vrkņa becomes Śc and it becomes thus vāśca. Mārkandeya did not find it necessary to make a general sūtra for the change of kş in Māgadhi, probably because the general development of ks in Mahārāştrī will hold good here.
Apart from these, grammarians have mentioned some words with ks and their treatment in Māgadhi. In this respect opinions differ, In some cases, in some words kş is changed into śc and śk. For example bubhukşa>bhuśkā (Mk. XII. 8); räkşuḥ>laske (RT. 2.2.15); vilakşane> vilaśkane (RT. 2.2.16), vrkṣaḥ> vasco (Mk. XII. 19). In the Lalita-vigraha-rāja-nāțaka, śk is frequently used. For example, alakşya-māna> alaśkiyyamāņa (565,7), lakṣita^>laśkidaṁ (566,4), bhikṣām>bhiskām (566,8), prekșitum> peśkidum (566;7).
The change of ks into śc in the word vrkşa scems to be problematic. Of course, Puruşottama, Rāma Tarkavāgisa and Mārkandeya all agree that cch becomes śc in Māgadhi (Pu. XII.11; RT. 2.2.18; Mk. XII. 19). The basis of the change of this sound scems to be ks which becomes cch in Mahārāștri (Hc. 2.3). In prakrit, Puruşottama, Råma Tarkavāgisa and Mārkaņdeya consider the change of this cch not always based on kş as it's source. Rāma Tarkavāgisa considers gacchati as gascadi(2.2.18). But Puruşottama has a general rule cchasya Ścaḥ (XII. 11) which may pre-suppose the existence of ks in the background. But Purusottama has one interesting sūtra as vrşer vassaŚca (XII. 34). This seems to be very straightforward. Why Puruşottama considers varsati vašśadi in Māgadhi is not really very clear, because this is the normal development of the word in Māgadhi. It is probably because of this reason, the two editors D.C. Sircar and MM Ghosh in their editions of Purușottama's Prākstānụśāsana have tried to
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