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Sec. 4. HISTORICAL POSITION OF THE. T. S.
T. S. DI:11 Bh. formulae
(1) c= Viod? (2) A = 1/4 Cd (3) c = 4h(d - h) (4) h = 1/26d - Vde-ca) (5) a = V6h2 + c (6) d = (ho + co/4) /h
In the place of series 4, the Jambūdvipasamāsa gives a formula h - Vla? -c)/6, which is based on approximations and does not yield a correct result. Umāsvāti improved this formula in the T.S. This demonstrates that the Jambūdvipasamāsa was composed sometime before the T.S., most likely as a provisional preparation for the composition of its third chapter called Lokaprajāapti. Perhaps for this reason, the third chapter of the T. S. turned out to be extremely summaritical and short.
The Pūjāprakarana in nineteen verses describes twenty-one methods of Pūjā for the laity. The Prasamarati 305 refers to pūja by enumerating gandha, mālya, adhivāsa, dbūpa, pradipa, etc., but not more than that. The mention of such an elaborate ritual has no place in the known works of Umāsväti, which makes it doubtful to be his composition. It is also remarked that the methods of pūjā described here are almost identical with those noted by Cāritrasundara in his Ācāropadeśa, and the work is speculated to be scarcely older than the 14th century A. D.98
The Sävayapannatti is a prakrit work which expounds twelve sūvaka dharmas (guna-śikṣā vratas) along with their aticāras and the other relevant duties. The verses quoting the passages from the T. S. are as follows: 64-II:10-14, 69-II:31, 74-II: 52, 79—VI:1-4, 80–VIII:2-3 and 81-82--18:1-3. The essential subject matter treated in this Sāyayapannatti is found in the T.S. Ch.VII, however the former differs from the latter as to the major treatment of twelve guņa-śikṣā vratas and their aticāras, which go with the tradition of the Upāsakadašā but not with the T.S. The methods applied for distinguishing siddhas in verses 76-77 corrrespond to those of the Prajñāpanā 1.7.7-10 but not to those of the T. S. Besides the Sāvayapannatti is composed in Prakrit. These points make difficult to ascribe it to Umāsvāti, and many scholars are of opinion that Haribhadra is likely its original author.99
The Jambūdvipasamäsa and Prasamarati are the minor works of Umāsvāti. The T. S. is certainly not a work possible to be completed within a year or two, A considerable length of time must have been consumed for the critical examination of the source materials, both Jaina and non-Jajna, and for their systematic organization. And it is quite plausible that Umāsvāti composed some more provisional works for the T. S. on the line of the Jambūdvipasamāsa.
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