Some Aspects of Jainism in Eastern India

Author(s): Pranabananda Jash
Publisher: Munshiram Manoharlal Publisher's Pvt Ltd New Delhi

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Some Aspects of Jainism in Eastern India
having become a Kevali. Mrs. S. Stevenson, The Heart of Jainism, p. 68.
"SBE, XXII, pp. 286.95. "H. Jacobi, History of Jainism, pp. 43ff. "Uvāsagadasão, ed. N.A. Gore, Poona. "Mae acelate dhamme pannatte.--Thánārga (comm. Abhayadeva), p. 460b.
Căujjamao pañcamahavvaiyam.- Bhagavati sutra (commn. Abhayadeva, Agamodaya Samiti, Bombay, 1921), pp. 99aff.
** Sapadikkanam dhammam padi vijjai.--SBE, XLV, p. xxxii. *Avasyaka-Müla by Bhadraváhu, verses 1251f.
10*Uvāsagadasão (ed. Hoernle), p. ix It is to be noted in this connection that tradition ascribes the compilation of Jaina canon also to a council at Mathura under Arya Skandila in the ninth century after the nirvāņa of Mahāvīra, i.e., c. fourth century AD (Weber, JA, XVII, p. 282) But the final reaction of the Svetāmbara Jain a canon was made in the second council of Valabhi early in the fifth or sixth century Ad under Devardhiganin, probably during the reign of Dhruvasena (Winternitz, History of Indian Literature, pp. 434-35).
10l Glasenapp. Der Jainisinus, pp. 347ff. 102 E. Leuman, Ind. Studen., XVII, 1885, pp. 91ff. 163 Āvaśyaka Malabhâsya, VV. 145ff.
194Those who advocated ardhaphālakas became gradually known as the orthodox group of Svetāmbar's (1A, VII, pp. 37-38). Tradition avers that Bhadraváhu predicted a terrible famine of twelve years in Magadha. So a group of Jaina monks headed by Bhadravāhu left for South India, while others resided in Magadha. After sometimes, however, the leading monks of this community met together at Ujjain where famine still persisted and so they allowed monks to use ardhaphälaka, ie, cloth to hide shame, while on tour for begging.
10% Jacobi, Studies in Jainism, part I, pp. 45-46; 2 DMG, XXXVI, 1884, pp. 1ff.
16SERE, VII, on Digambara. "Sthavirāvai-carita, cant. IX, 55, 59. 10%Rapson, Cambridge History of India, 1, p. 147. 10*Ibid., p. 149. 11® These two views are challenged and criticised by Gunaratna Sūri in h's Tarkarahasya-dipika, a commentary on Saddarśana-Samuccaya of Haribhadra Sūri (pp. 53b-546 and 79b-81a) respectively. The same commentary further states that the Digambaras are divided into four Sanghas, namely, Kastha, Müla, Mathura and Gopya or Yapaniya (Tarkarahasya-dipikā, p. 45a). MIA, XVII, p. 286. 114Winternitz, History of Indian Literature, II, p. 433. 11*Ibid., p. 466. ISBE, IV, Introduction, p. xxxix. 11 Räjavalikathā, IA, XXI, p. 157. 1:#Winternitz, op. cit., pp. 462-64. 117 Mrs. Stevenson. The Heart of Jainism, p. 14.