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KANISHKA OF THE ĀRĀ INSCRIPTION 477 Jushka and Kanishka, i.e., Vā-jheshka and Kanishka of the Ārā inscription of the year 41. The Wardak vase inscription possibly proves the inclusion of Kabul within his dominions. But there is no evidence that he retained his hold on the Lower Indus Valley which was probably wrested from the successors of Kanishka I by Rudradāman. In Kasmira Huvishka built a town named Hushkapura. Like Kanishka I, he was a patron of Buddhism and built a splendid monastery at Mathurā. 2 He also resembled Kanishka in his taste for a diversity of coin-types. Besides a medley of Greek, Persian and Indian deities e have, on one of his coins, the remarkable figure of Roma.3 A Mathurā inscription refers to the restoration during his reign of a delapidated Devakula of his grandfather.
Smith does not admit that the Kanishka of the Ārā inscription of the year 41 was different from the great Kanishka. Lüders, Fleet, Kennedy and Sten Konow, on the other hand, distinguish between the two Kanishkas. * According to Liiders, Kanishka of the Ārā inscription was a son of Vāsishka and probably a grandson of Kanishka I. Kanishka II had the titles Mahārāja, Rājātirāja, Devaputra and possibly Kaisara (Caesar). It is probable that he, and not Kanishka I, was the founder of the town of Kanishkapura in Kasmira.
1 It is identified with Ushkūr inside the Bārāmüla Pass (EHI“, p. 287). 2 Cf. Lüders, List No. 62
3 Camb. Short Hist., 79. Numismatic evidence possibly suggests that the 'lion-standard' was to some of the Great Kuşhāns what the Garuda-dhvaja was to their Gupta successors. Cf. Whitehead, 196.
4 Cf. Corpus, II. i. lxxx ; 163. Ep. Ind., XIV, p. 143. JRAS, 1913, 98. The mention of a distinguishing patronymic in the record of the year 41, and the fact that ne inscriptions of Kanishka are known that are referable to the period 24 to 40 of the era used by the family (when the Kushān throne was occupied by Vāsishka and, possibly Huvishka as a junior partner), suggest that Kanishka of the year 41 is not to be identified with Kanishka of the years 1-23..
