Microcosmology Atom in Jain Philosophy and Modern Science

Author(s): Jethalal S Zaveri, Mahendramuni
Publisher: Jain Vishva Bharati

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Microcosmology : Atom is there a modification of a substance other than matter which can possess one, two or three or all the four above qualities.
All mutation of matter, be it a single ultimate atom or an aggregate constituted by innumerable such ultimate atoms, must possess all the four qualities.
TYPES OF CHARACTERISTIC QUALITIES Five types of
: Black, blue, red, yellow primary colour
& white Five types of taste : Sweet, bitter, acrid, acidic
(sour) and astringent. Two types of odour : Good smell and bad smell. Eight types of touch : Hot, cold; gluey, dry; hard, soft and
light, heavy. C. OTHER IMPORTANT ATTRIBUTES
(MODES) Some important modes of the physical substance (pudgala) are : sound, light and darkness; integration and disintegration; microscopicness and macroscopicness & shape or configuration.' 1. SOUND:
Sound is produced by collision or separation of two or more physical objects. It is the agitation set up by knocking together or splitting of two aggregates.2 An ultimate atom cannot produce sound by itself. It is of two kinds (in respect of genesis)-1 Natural or spontaneous, e.g. thunder and (ii) that produced by conscious effort. The latter is again of two kinds - (i) lingual and (ii) non-lingual4. The lingual sound is again of two kinds -(i) articulate i.e. made up of alphabetical composition, and (ii) inarticulate i.e. sound produced by subhuman animals..
Non-lingual sound is produced with the help of (musical) instruments and is of four kinds :
1. Tat. Sūt., 5/24. 2. (a) Utt. 28/12, 13.
(b) I.J.T., 2/15. 3. Pañca., verse 79. 4. Tat. Rāj 5/24.