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INTRODUCTION
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8) ANUPREKSA IN JAINA LITERATURE
a) CANONICAL STRATA It is necessary to record what information is available about Anu prekşi, not in its general sengel but in its technical perspective, as outlined above, in the earlier strata of Jaina literature, especially the canonical texts. The canon, as it has come down to ng, contains older and later portions; and as yet our studies have not progressed towards chronologior! stratification of the various texts. Some of the contents may be as old as the second century after the Nirvana of Mahavira, while their final forma, mostly as available today, is as late as the fifth century A.D. : the earliest known compilation was made at the Pataliputra Council and then, through Various vioissitudes, the available texts were collocted and written down at the Valabhi Council presided over by Devurddhi. So taking the present texto as they are, an attempt can be made to put together all information about Anuprekşks from the canonical texts, namely, 11 Angas, 12 Upāngaa, 10 Prakirnakas, 6 Chedasūtras, 4 Mūlasūtras, and 2 Individual Texts; and also the relios of the Püryas.
1) According to the Thanamgas, there are four Dhyānas : offa, rodda, dhamma and sukka, The third, namely, Dharmy, is of four kinds; it bas four characteristics; it is supported by four props : 1) tayancē, 2) padipt cchand, 3) pariyattand and 4) anuppehā; and lastly it is to be attended by four apuppehus: 1) ega anuppehd, 2) asiocama., 3) barang-b., end 4) Banhsdm . In the like manner, Sukladhyana is also of fotur kinds, has four characteristics, is supported by four props and is to be attended by four anuppehaža: 1) ananitarktiyaa., 2) viperiquima-a. 3) subha-., 4) aviyara The passage in question stands thus :'
पम्मे झाणे चढविहे ठप्पडोयारे पण्णसे । सं जहा। भाणाविजए, भवायविजए, विवागविजए, संडाण विधए । यस्सस्स पंझाणस्स पचारि छपसणा पण्णता। बहा । जाणाई, मिसम्गबई, सुत्ती, मोगाबदई । धम्मस्स झाणस्स बचारि भाषणा पण्णता । तं जहा । वायणा, पवितणा, परिवाना, मणुष्पहा । अम्मस्स MR Tot mit quorut I WE ET, whirurg, Engdal, HICIT
1) The word is now and then used in its general sense, for instance, Arrogadang Batra 73, Switāgama (Gurgaon 1954), Vol. II, p. 1092.
3) Sulkagame (Gurgaon 1963), L p. 224, also Grimal Sthinanga-sútram with Ablag deva's Commentary (Abmedabad 1937) pp. 176-77.
