Indian Antiquary Vol 42

Author(s): Richard Carnac Temple, Devadatta Ramkrishna Bhandarkar
Publisher: Swati Publications

Page 293

NOVEMBER, 1918.)
MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT THE ANDHRAS
279
The Peripide mentions Paithan as one of the two principal market-towns of Dachinabades; and then refers to anather market-town on the coast, the city of Calliens, which in the time of the elder Saragands became lawful market-town; but since it came into the possession of Sandanes the port is much obstructed and Greek ships lying there may chance to be taken to Barygasa under gaard." Calliena is certainly the modern Kalyag, near Bombay. Saraganus is probably Satakepi, the title used by most Andhra kings; and Sandanes is Sundars, the 20th Andhra king, in the Matsya-Purdna list; if so, the elder Sarganus is perhaps bis immediate predecessor, Palindagêna (a noteworthy name associating the Polindas still with the Åndbras), also called Parindrasenn, daring whose time, Sundara was, as usual in ancient India, viceroy of part of the country. Kalyan was in the district administered by Sundara. By this time Saka Satrape of the Kebabaráta clan had risen to power in Gujarat and seized some of the northern territories of the Aadhras, their early leaders being Bbûmaka and Nabapána. The initial date of the Saka era is by some historians held to mark the establishment of Saka power under Nabapana ; if this is correct, Nambanus, whom the Periplús names as the king of the country round Barygaza is probably the same as Nahapana ; whetber this identification is correct or not, it is certain the rise of Saka power in this age made the port of Kalyan dangerous to foreign ships, the Andhra viceroy not being able tu guard the post efficiently, against Saka depredations.
The Sakas and the Andras were in constant conflict from this time and the Andbras gradually lost their western dominions and were driven to the east. Viļivậyakura 1111 fought with them in 126 A. D., and his mother Balasiri tells us in the Nasik cave Inscription that her son “destroyed the Sakas," but we find that the Sakas continued to reign at Ujjain till Chandraga pts II. Vikramaditya, extinguished the dynasty about 409 A. D. ; Rodrad&man, the Saka Satrap, fought with his son-in-law, “the lord of Dakship&patha," Pulamayi, son of Viļivâyakura 11,18 and desisted from destroying him, because he was his son-in-law, in 150 A. D.
This phrase "destroyed the Sakas," used in Balasiri's inscription, like all other phrases there in descriptive di Vilivyakura, ought to be taken with many grains of salt, for they form a mere ealogy of the king composed by a coart-poet, and secondly, subsequent events have disproved the destruction of the Sakas and the consequent stoppage of the "contamination of the four caster" (also referred to in the ealogy), Pala mâyi, son of Vilivyakura and king while this inscription was iucised, having married the daughter of the Saka Rudradaman. But yet Elliot and others bave deduced from this phrase that Viļivayakura was the head of a great revolution and gained a national victory; Cunningham has gone one better and made bim found the great Saka era, in commemoration of the event.
Ptolemy, the geographer, (in his Geog., VII. 17) writing in 151 A. D., after describing Larike, the Lit or Gajarât coast, describes the Ariake coast (a Dame used by the Periplás also), which he divides into two parts, Ariake Sadinon and Ariske Andron Peiraton. The latter phrase is usually translated Ariake of the Pirates, but Sir James Campbell in Bom. Gax., Thana, ii, 415,
11 From Vilivkyskura I, the Andhra kingewed metrodymio titles, e.g. V lithiputa, Madhariputa, Gotamiputa, eto., just as in Vedio times people were onlled KaubikIpatra, Kautelpatrs, Alambi putra, Vaiyagraha padiputra, ato. Does this moan that the Andhrns were now definitely drawn into the Brahmap polity and recognised as orthodox Kshatriyas, bearing Dames like the hallowed ones in the Vedas? It certainly does not warrant Sir Walter Elliot's oonclusion that one of the RajAs that bear metronymios, i, e, the third of them, Visivyakura II. Gotamiputra Batakaoi, was " bold adventarer" who seized the throne ; this Sir Walte: Elliot has inferred boonuse the mother's name is found no remarkably associated with that of her son." (Num. Orient p. 19). That tbla deduction is absolutely unwarranted will be readily seen if it is remembered that dozens of Vedic name, are mostronymio and among the later Andhra kings, at least seven have a similar title.
19 Rp. Ind. viii, 61.
11 Another view regarding Visivyakura and the son-in-law of Rudradaman has been set forth in my Epigraphic Notes and Questions, nos. IV and V published in the Jour. Bomb. As. Soc., Vol. XXIII-D. R. B.
Ibid. 47.