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upon the field of battle, though, when left to themselves, 'midnight is the hour when the demons swarm,' III. 11.4 and 33. In X. 18 and XIII. 161 Civa's act is described in full.]
[Footnote 26: Çiva, called Bhava, Çarva, the trident-holder, the Lord ([=l]ç[=a]na), Çankara, the Great God, etc., generally appears at his best where the epic is at its worst, the interpolations being more flagrant than in the case of Vishnuite eulogies. The most devout worshipper of Vishnu is represented as an adherent of Civa, as invoking him for help after fighting with him. He is "invincible before the three worlds." He is the sun; his blood is ashes. All the gods, with Brahm[=a] at their head, revere him. He has three heads, three faces, six arms (compare iii. 39. 74 ff.; 83. 125); though other passages give him more.]
[Footnote 27: Çiva has as sign the bull: Vishnu, the boar.]
[Footnote 28: ZDMG. xxxviii. pp. 197, 200.]
[Footnote 29: Lit. u. Cultur, p. 461.]
[Footnote 30: Holtzmann now says (in Neunzehn Bücher, p. 198) that the whole episode which terminates with Baladeva's visit an addition to the original. Holtzmann's monograph on Brahm[=a) is in ZDMG. xxxviii. 167.]
[Footnote 31: A good example is that of the two visions of Arjuna, first the vision of Vishnu, then another vision of Çiva, whom Arjuna and Vishnu visit (vii. 80).]
[Footnote 32: Çankara and Civa mean almost the same; 'giver of blessings' and 'prospering' or 'kindly'), respectively.]
